3-148991649-T-C

Position:

• chr3-148991649-T-C

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points: 18P and 0B. PVS1_Strong PM2 PP3_Strong PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_004130.4(GYG1):​c.7+2T>C variant causes a splice donor change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. 2/3 splice prediction tools predict no significant impact on normal splicing. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely pathogenic (★★).

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 33)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0 (0 hom.)
  • Failed GnomAD Quality Control
• Consequence: GYG1 NM_004130.4 splice_donor
• Scores: Splicing: ADA: 0.1107
• Clinical Significance: Likely pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:2
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 0.189

Genes affected

GYG1 (HGNC:4699): (glycogenin 1) This gene encodes a member of the glycogenin family. Glycogenin is a glycosyltransferase that catalyzes the formation of a short glucose polymer from uridine diphosphate glucose in an autoglucosylation reaction. This reaction is followed by elongation and branching of the polymer, catalyzed by glycogen synthase and branching enzyme, to form glycogen. This gene is expressed in muscle and other tissues. Mutations in this gene result in glycogen storage disease XV. This gene has pseudogenes on chromosomes 1, 8 and 13 respectively. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified.[provided by RefSeq, Sep 2010]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points.

• PVS1: Splicing variant, NOT destroyed by nmd, known LOF gene, truncates exone, which is 0.10161444 fraction of the gene. No cryptic splice site detected. Exon removal is inframe change.
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP3: BayesDel_addAF computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.625
• PP5: Variant 3-148991649-T-C is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr3-148991649-T-C is described in ClinVar as [Likely_pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 2637494.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
GYG1	NM_004130.4	c.7+2T>C		splice_donor_variant		ENST00000345003.9
GYG1	NM_001184720.2	c.7+2T>C		splice_donor_variant
GYG1	NM_001184721.2	c.7+2T>C		splice_donor_variant
GYG1	XM_017006275.2	c.-35+2T>C		splice_donor_variant

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
GYG1	ENST00000345003.9	c.7+2T>C		splice_donor_variant		1	NM_004130.4

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 33

GnomAD4 exome Data not reliable, filtered out with message: AC0 AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 1388136 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 30 AF XY: 0.00 AC XY: 0 AN XY: 686174

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 33

Bravo AF: 0.00000378

ClinVar

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:2

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Glycogen storage disease XV;C4015452:Polyglucosan body myopathy type 2 Pathogenic:1

Likely pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Invitae

Jun 20, 2023

Algorithms developed to predict the effect of sequence changes on RNA splicing suggest that this variant may disrupt the consensus splice site. In summary, the currently available evidence indicates that the variant is pathogenic, but additional data are needed to prove that conclusively. Therefore, this variant has been classified as Likely Pathogenic. This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with GYG1-related conditions. This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This sequence change affects a donor splice site in intron 1 of the GYG1 gene. It is expected to disrupt RNA splicing. Variants that disrupt the donor or acceptor splice site typically lead to a loss of protein function (PMID: 16199547), and loss-of-function variants in GYG1 are known to be pathogenic (PMID: 20357282, 25272951). -

Polyglucosan body myopathy type 2 Pathogenic:1

Likely pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp

Oct 26, 2023

Variant summary: GYG1 c.7+2T>C is located in a canonical splice-site and is predicted to affect mRNA splicing resulting in a significantly altered protein due to either exon skipping, shortening, or inclusion of intronic material. Several computational tools predict a significant impact on normal splicing: Four predict the variant abolishes a 5' splicing donor site. However, these predictions have yet to be confirmed by functional studies. The variant was absent in 135342 control chromosomes. To our knowledge, no occurrence of c.7+2T>C in individuals affected with Polyglucosan Body Myopathy Type 2 and no experimental evidence demonstrating its impact on protein function have been reported. No submitters have cited clinical-significance assessments for this variant to ClinVar after 2014. Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as likely pathogenic. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.63	D
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.20
CADD	Uncertain	24
DANN	Benign	0.71
Eigen	Uncertain	0.30
Eigen_PC	Benign	0.040
FATHMM_MKL	Benign	0.60	D
MutationTaster	Benign	1.0	D;D;D;D
GERP RS		0.87
RBP_binding_hub_radar		0.0
RBP_regulation_power_radar		1.1

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
dbscSNV1_ADA	Benign	0.11
dbscSNV1_RF	Benign	0.52
SpliceAI score (max)		0.95		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2
DS_DL_spliceai		0.95		Position offset: -2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs1712472176; hg19: chr3-148709436;