4-56910739-A-G

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. Variant got 0 ACMG points: 2P and 2B. PM2 BP4_Moderate

The NM_005612.5(REST):c.101A>G(p.His34Arg) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000137 in 1,461,892 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★).

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 33)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000014 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: REST NM_005612.5 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, single submitter U:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 3.53

Genes affected

REST (HGNC:9966): (RE1 silencing transcription factor) This gene was initially identified as a transcriptional repressor that represses neuronal genes in non-neuronal tissues. However, depending on the cellular context, this gene can act as either an oncogene or a tumor suppressor. The encoded protein is a member of the Kruppel-type zinc finger transcription factor family. It represses transcription by binding a DNA sequence element called the neuron-restrictive silencer element. The protein is also found in undifferentiated neuronal progenitor cells and it is thought that this repressor may act as a master negative regulator of neurogenesis. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described. [provided by RefSeq, May 2018]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Uncertain_significance. Variant got 0 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• BP4: Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.20133057).

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
REST	NM_005612.5	c.101A>G	p.His34Arg	missense_variant	2/4	ENST00000309042.12

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
REST	ENST00000309042.12	c.101A>G	p.His34Arg	missense_variant	2/4	1	NM_005612.5	P1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 33

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00000137 AC: 2 AN: 1461892 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 31 AF XY: 0.00000275 AC XY: 2 AN XY: 727246

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.0000224

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 8.99e-7

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 33

Bravo AF: 0.00000378

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:1

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

Submissions by phenotype

not provided Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Invitae

Jan 07, 2024

This sequence change replaces histidine, which is basic and polar, with arginine, which is basic and polar, at codon 34 of the REST protein (p.His34Arg). This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with REST-related conditions. An algorithm developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function (PolyPhen-2) suggests that this variant is likely to be disruptive. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Benign	0.19
BayesDel_addAF	Benign	-0.18	T
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.50
Cadd	Uncertain	23
Dann	Uncertain	0.99
Eigen	Benign	0.082
Eigen_PC	Benign	0.13
FATHMM_MKL	Benign	0.61	D
LIST_S2	Benign	0.70	T;T;T;T;T;.;T;T;.
M_CAP	Benign	0.0080	T
MetaRNN	Benign	0.20	T;T;T;T;T;T;T;T;T
MetaSVM	Benign	-1.1	T
MutationTaster	Benign	0.98	D
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.53	T
Polyphen		0.94	.;.;.;.;.;P;.;P;.
Vest4		0.35, 0.33, 0.36, 0.30, 0.35, 0.33
MutPred		0.37		Gain of solvent accessibility (P = 0.0171);Gain of solvent accessibility (P = 0.0171);Gain of solvent accessibility (P = 0.0171);Gain of solvent accessibility (P = 0.0171);Gain of solvent accessibility (P = 0.0171);Gain of solvent accessibility (P = 0.0171);Gain of solvent accessibility (P = 0.0171);Gain of solvent accessibility (P = 0.0171);Gain of solvent accessibility (P = 0.0171);
MVP		0.55
MPC		0.93
ClinPred		0.92	D
GERP RS		4.6
RBP_binding_hub_radar		0.0
RBP_regulation_power_radar		1.1
Varity_R		0.34
gMVP		0.50

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs1719854967; hg19: chr4-57776905;