5-141344574-G-A

Position:

• chr5-141344574-G-A

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely benign. Variant got -2 ACMG points: 2P and 4B. PM2 BP4_Strong

The ENST00000253812.8(PCDHGA3):​c.541G>A​(p.Ala181Thr) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000657 in 152,270 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 14/20 in silico tools predict a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★).

• Frequency: Genomes: 𝑓 0.0000066 (0 hom., cov: 33)
• Consequence: PCDHGA3 ENST00000253812.8 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, single submitter U:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: -0.666

Genes affected

PCDHGA3 (HGNC:8701): (protocadherin gamma subfamily A, 3) This gene is a member of the protocadherin gamma gene cluster, one of three related clusters tandemly linked on chromosome five. These gene clusters have an immunoglobulin-like organization, suggesting that a novel mechanism may be involved in their regulation and expression. The gamma gene cluster includes 22 genes divided into 3 subfamilies. Subfamily A contains 12 genes, subfamily B contains 7 genes and 2 pseudogenes, and the more distantly related subfamily C contains 3 genes. The tandem array of 22 large, variable region exons are followed by a constant region, containing 3 exons shared by all genes in the cluster. Each variable region exon encodes the extracellular region, which includes 6 cadherin ectodomains and a transmembrane region. The constant region exons encode the common cytoplasmic region. These neural cadherin-like cell adhesion proteins most likely play a critical role in the establishment and function of specific cell-cell connections in the brain. Alternative splicing has been described for the gamma cluster genes. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

PCDHGA1 (HGNC:8696): (protocadherin gamma subfamily A, 1) This gene is a member of the protocadherin gamma gene cluster, one of three related clusters tandemly linked on chromosome five. These gene clusters have an immunoglobulin-like organization, suggesting that a novel mechanism may be involved in their regulation and expression. The gamma gene cluster includes 22 genes divided into 3 subfamilies. Subfamily A contains 12 genes, subfamily B contains 7 genes and 2 pseudogenes, and the more distantly related subfamily C contains 3 genes. The tandem array of 22 large, variable region exons are followed by a constant region, containing 3 exons shared by all genes in the cluster. Each variable region exon encodes the extracellular region, which includes 6 cadherin ectodomains and a transmembrane region. The constant region exons encode the common cytoplasmic region. These neural cadherin-like cell adhesion proteins most likely play a critical role in the establishment and function of specific cell-cell connections in the brain. Alternative splicing has been described for the gamma cluster genes. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

PCDHGA2 (HGNC:8700): (protocadherin gamma subfamily A, 2) This gene is a member of the protocadherin gamma gene cluster, one of three related clusters tandemly linked on chromosome five. These gene clusters have an immunoglobulin-like organization, suggesting that a novel mechanism may be involved in their regulation and expression. The gamma gene cluster includes 22 genes divided into 3 subfamilies. Subfamily A contains 12 genes, subfamily B contains 7 genes and 2 pseudogenes, and the more distantly related subfamily C contains 3 genes. The tandem array of 22 large, variable region exons are followed by a constant region, containing 3 exons shared by all genes in the cluster. Each variable region exon encodes the extracellular region, which includes 6 cadherin ectodomains and a transmembrane region. The constant region exons encode the common cytoplasmic region. These neural cadherin-like cell adhesion proteins most likely play a critical role in the establishment and function of specific cell-cell connections in the brain. Alternative splicing has been described for the gamma cluster genes. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Likely_benign. Variant got -2 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• BP4: Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.055615127).

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
PCDHGA3	NM_018916.4	c.541G>A	p.Ala181Thr	missense_variant	1/4	ENST00000253812.8	NP_061739.2
PCDHGA1	NM_018912.3	c.2421+11469G>A		intron_variant		ENST00000517417.3	NP_061735.1
PCDHGA2	NM_018915.4	c.2424+3179G>A		intron_variant		ENST00000394576.3	NP_061738.1
PCDHGA3	NM_032011.2	c.541G>A	p.Ala181Thr	missense_variant	1/1		NP_114400.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
PCDHGA3	ENST00000253812.8	c.541G>A	p.Ala181Thr	missense_variant	1/4	1	NM_018916.4	ENSP00000253812	P1
PCDHGA2	ENST00000394576.3	c.2424+3179G>A		intron_variant		1	NM_018915.4	ENSP00000378077	P1
PCDHGA1	ENST00000517417.3	c.2421+11469G>A		intron_variant		1	NM_018912.3	ENSP00000431083	P1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes AF: 0.00000657 AC: 1 AN: 152152 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 33

Gnomad AFR AF: 0.0000241

Gnomad AMI AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad SAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN AF: 0.00

Gnomad MID AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE AF: 0.00

Gnomad OTH AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 34

GnomAD4 genome AF: 0.00000657 AC: 1 AN: 152270 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 33 AF XY: 0.0000134 AC XY: 1 AN XY: 74440

Gnomad4 AFR AF: 0.0000241

Gnomad4 AMR AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 OTH AF: 0.00

Asia WGS AF: 0.000289 AC: 1 AN: 3478

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:1

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

Submissions by phenotype

not specified Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Ambry Genetics

Apr 04, 2024

The c.541G>A (p.A181T) alteration is located in exon 1 (coding exon 1) of the PCDHGA3 gene. This alteration results from a G to A substitution at nucleotide position 541, causing the alanine (A) at amino acid position 181 to be replaced by a threonine (T). Based on insufficient or conflicting evidence, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Benign	0.081
BayesDel_addAF	Benign	-0.41	T
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.83
CADD	Benign	15
DANN	Benign	0.96
DEOGEN2	Benign	0.00014	.;T
Eigen	Benign	-0.70
Eigen_PC	Benign	-0.57
FATHMM_MKL	Benign	0.068	N
LIST_S2	Benign	0.053	T;T
M_CAP	Benign	0.0020	T
MetaRNN	Benign	0.056	T;T
MetaSVM	Benign	-1.0	T
MutationAssessor	Benign	-0.16	N;N
MutationTaster	Benign	1.0	N;N;N
PROVEAN	Benign	0.10	.;N
REVEL	Benign	0.070
Sift	Benign	0.21	.;T
Sift4G	Benign	0.45	T;T
Polyphen		0.0010	B;B
Vest4		0.041
MutPred		0.24		Gain of phosphorylation at A181 (P = 0.0677);Gain of phosphorylation at A181 (P = 0.0677);
MVP		0.40
MPC		0.41
ClinPred		0.11	T
GERP RS		1.3
Varity_R		0.037
gMVP		0.029

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs866197443; hg19: chr5-140724141; COSMIC: COSV53998673; COSMIC: COSV53998673;