5-141344605-A-G

Position:

• chr5-141344605-A-G

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. Variant got 2 ACMG points: 2P and 0B. PM2

The NM_018916.4(PCDHGA3):​c.572A>G​(p.Tyr191Cys) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000000684 in 1,461,694 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★).

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 6.8e-7 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: PCDHGA3 NM_018916.4 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, single submitter U:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: -0.140

Genes affected

PCDHGA3 (HGNC:8701): (protocadherin gamma subfamily A, 3) This gene is a member of the protocadherin gamma gene cluster, one of three related clusters tandemly linked on chromosome five. These gene clusters have an immunoglobulin-like organization, suggesting that a novel mechanism may be involved in their regulation and expression. The gamma gene cluster includes 22 genes divided into 3 subfamilies. Subfamily A contains 12 genes, subfamily B contains 7 genes and 2 pseudogenes, and the more distantly related subfamily C contains 3 genes. The tandem array of 22 large, variable region exons are followed by a constant region, containing 3 exons shared by all genes in the cluster. Each variable region exon encodes the extracellular region, which includes 6 cadherin ectodomains and a transmembrane region. The constant region exons encode the common cytoplasmic region. These neural cadherin-like cell adhesion proteins most likely play a critical role in the establishment and function of specific cell-cell connections in the brain. Alternative splicing has been described for the gamma cluster genes. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

PCDHGA1 (HGNC:8696): (protocadherin gamma subfamily A, 1) This gene is a member of the protocadherin gamma gene cluster, one of three related clusters tandemly linked on chromosome five. These gene clusters have an immunoglobulin-like organization, suggesting that a novel mechanism may be involved in their regulation and expression. The gamma gene cluster includes 22 genes divided into 3 subfamilies. Subfamily A contains 12 genes, subfamily B contains 7 genes and 2 pseudogenes, and the more distantly related subfamily C contains 3 genes. The tandem array of 22 large, variable region exons are followed by a constant region, containing 3 exons shared by all genes in the cluster. Each variable region exon encodes the extracellular region, which includes 6 cadherin ectodomains and a transmembrane region. The constant region exons encode the common cytoplasmic region. These neural cadherin-like cell adhesion proteins most likely play a critical role in the establishment and function of specific cell-cell connections in the brain. Alternative splicing has been described for the gamma cluster genes. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

PCDHGA2 (HGNC:8700): (protocadherin gamma subfamily A, 2) This gene is a member of the protocadherin gamma gene cluster, one of three related clusters tandemly linked on chromosome five. These gene clusters have an immunoglobulin-like organization, suggesting that a novel mechanism may be involved in their regulation and expression. The gamma gene cluster includes 22 genes divided into 3 subfamilies. Subfamily A contains 12 genes, subfamily B contains 7 genes and 2 pseudogenes, and the more distantly related subfamily C contains 3 genes. The tandem array of 22 large, variable region exons are followed by a constant region, containing 3 exons shared by all genes in the cluster. Each variable region exon encodes the extracellular region, which includes 6 cadherin ectodomains and a transmembrane region. The constant region exons encode the common cytoplasmic region. These neural cadherin-like cell adhesion proteins most likely play a critical role in the establishment and function of specific cell-cell connections in the brain. Alternative splicing has been described for the gamma cluster genes. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Uncertain_significance. Variant got 2 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
PCDHGA3	NM_018916.4	c.572A>G	p.Tyr191Cys	missense_variant	1/4	ENST00000253812.8	NP_061739.2
PCDHGA1	NM_018912.3	c.2421+11500A>G		intron_variant		ENST00000517417.3	NP_061735.1
PCDHGA2	NM_018915.4	c.2424+3210A>G		intron_variant		ENST00000394576.3	NP_061738.1
PCDHGA3	NM_032011.2	c.572A>G	p.Tyr191Cys	missense_variant	1/1		NP_114400.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
PCDHGA3	ENST00000253812.8	c.572A>G	p.Tyr191Cys	missense_variant	1/4	1	NM_018916.4	ENSP00000253812	P1
PCDHGA2	ENST00000394576.3	c.2424+3210A>G		intron_variant		1	NM_018915.4	ENSP00000378077	P1
PCDHGA1	ENST00000517417.3	c.2421+11500A>G		intron_variant		1	NM_018912.3	ENSP00000431083	P1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome AF: 6.84e-7 AC: 1 AN: 1461694 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 34 AF XY: 0.00000138 AC XY: 1 AN XY: 727130

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 8.99e-7

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:1

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

Submissions by phenotype

not specified Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Ambry Genetics

May 18, 2023

The c.572A>G (p.Y191C) alteration is located in exon 1 (coding exon 1) of the PCDHGA3 gene. This alteration results from a A to G substitution at nucleotide position 572, causing the tyrosine (Y) at amino acid position 191 to be replaced by a cysteine (C). Based on insufficient or conflicting evidence, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Uncertain	0.40
BayesDel_addAF	Benign	-0.049	T
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.31
CADD	Uncertain	24
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Benign	0.18	.;T
Eigen	Uncertain	0.32
Eigen_PC	Benign	0.17
FATHMM_MKL	Benign	0.13	N
LIST_S2	Uncertain	0.96	D;D
M_CAP	Benign	0.019	T
MetaRNN	Uncertain	0.69	D;D
MetaSVM	Benign	-0.87	T
MutationAssessor	Uncertain	2.9	M;M
MutationTaster	Benign	1.0	N;N;N
PROVEAN	Pathogenic	-7.0	.;D
REVEL	Benign	0.17
Sift	Uncertain	0.0060	.;D
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.015	D;D
Polyphen		1.0	D;D
Vest4		0.68
MutPred		0.54		Gain of methylation at K190 (P = 0.0127);Gain of methylation at K190 (P = 0.0127);
MVP		0.71
MPC		1.4
ClinPred		0.80	D
GERP RS		4.5
Varity_R		0.30
gMVP		0.093

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

No publications associated with this variant yet.

Other links and lift over

hg19: chr5-140724172;