7-44161285-T-C

Variant names:

• chr7-44161285-T-C
• rs2041547
• NM_000162.5:c.46-7822A>G

Variant summary

Our verdict is Benign. The variant received -12 ACMG points: 0P and 12B. BP4_Strong BA1

The NM_000162.5(GCK):​c.46-7822A>G variant causes a intron change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.608 in 152,092 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, including 29,291 homozygotes. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. No clinical diagnostic laboratories have submitted clinical-significance assessments for this variant to ClinVar. The gene GCK is included in the ClinGen Criteria Specification Registry.

• Frequency: Genomes: 𝑓 0.61 (29291 hom., cov: 33)
• Consequence: GCK NM_000162.5 intron
• Clinical Significance: Not reported in ClinVar
• Conservation: PhyloP100: -1.33
• Publications: 13 publications found

Genes affected

GCK (HGNC:4195): (glucokinase) This gene encodes a member of the hexokinase family of proteins. Hexokinases phosphorylate glucose to produce glucose-6-phosphate, the first step in most glucose metabolism pathways. In contrast to other forms of hexokinase, this enzyme is not inhibited by its product glucose-6-phosphate but remains active while glucose is abundant. The use of multiple promoters and alternative splicing of this gene result in distinct protein isoforms that exhibit tissue-specific expression in the pancreas and liver. In the pancreas, this enzyme plays a role in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, while in the liver, this enzyme is important in glucose uptake and conversion to glycogen. Mutations in this gene that alter enzyme activity have been associated with multiple types of diabetes and hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2017]

GCK Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• hyperinsulinism due to glucokinase deficiency

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Genomics England PanelApp, Ambry Genetics
• maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 2

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: Ambry Genetics, Genomics England PanelApp, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
• monogenic diabetes

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: ClinGen
• diabetes mellitus, noninsulin-dependent

  Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp
• permanent neonatal diabetes mellitus 1

  Inheritance: AR Classification: STRONG, MODERATE Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Ambry Genetics, Genomics England PanelApp
• transient neonatal diabetes mellitus

  Inheritance: AR Classification: STRONG Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp
• maturity-onset diabetes of the young

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• permanent neonatal diabetes mellitus

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet

ACMG classification

Specifications for GCK are available in the ClinGen Criteria Specification Registry and recommended for reference when assigning criteria.

Our verdict: Benign. The variant received -12 ACMG points.

• BP4: Computational evidence support a benign effect (BayesDel_noAF=-1.0).
• BA1: GnomAd4 highest subpopulation (AFR) allele frequency at 95% confidence interval = 0.795 is higher than 0.05.

Variant Effect in Transcripts

ACMG analysis was done for transcript: NM_000162.5. You can select a different transcript below to see updated ACMG assignments.

RefSeq Transcripts

Sel.	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	GCK	NM_000162.5	MANE Select	c.46-7822A>G		intron	N/A	NP_000153.1	Q53Y25
	GCK	NM_001354800.1		c.46-7822A>G		intron	N/A	NP_001341729.1	A0A5F9ZGW4

Ensembl Transcripts

Sel.	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	GCK	ENST00000403799.8	TSL:1 MANE Select	c.46-7822A>G		intron	N/A	ENSP00000384247.3	P35557-1
	GCK	ENST00000671824.1		c.46-7822A>G		intron	N/A	ENSP00000500264.1	A0A5F9ZHE0
	GCK	ENST00000673284.1		c.46-7822A>G		intron	N/A	ENSP00000499852.1	A0A5F9ZGW4

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes AF: 0.608 AC: 92384 AN: 151974 Hom.: 29258 Cov.: 33

Gnomad AFR AF: 0.802

Gnomad AMI AF: 0.519

Gnomad AMR AF: 0.587

Gnomad ASJ AF: 0.508

Gnomad EAS AF: 0.632

Gnomad SAS AF: 0.453

Gnomad FIN AF: 0.552

Gnomad MID AF: 0.522

Gnomad NFE AF: 0.519

Gnomad OTH AF: 0.587

We have no GnomAD4 exomes data on this position. Probably position not covered by the project.

GnomAD4 genome AF: 0.608 AC: 92462 AN: 152092 Hom.: 29291 Cov.: 33 AF XY: 0.608 AC XY: 45176 AN XY: 74344

African (AFR) AF: 0.803 AC: 33302 AN: 41494

American (AMR) AF: 0.587 AC: 8972 AN: 15288

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.508 AC: 1763 AN: 3470

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.632 AC: 3260 AN: 5158

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.450 AC: 2174 AN: 4826

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.552 AC: 5830 AN: 10566

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.510 AC: 150 AN: 294

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 0.519 AC: 35303 AN: 67972

Other (OTH) AF: 0.585 AC: 1236 AN: 2114

Alfa AF: 0.566 Hom.: 10680

Bravo AF: 0.623

Asia WGS AF: 0.524 AC: 1822 AN: 3478

ClinVar

Not reported in ClinVar

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.9

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-1.0
CADD	Benign	3.1
DANN	Benign	0.48
PhyloP100		-1.3
Mutation Taster		=100/0	polymorphism (auto)

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

MaxEntScan Visualizer can be used to analyze the impact of this mutation on the neighboring sequence.

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs2041547;

hg19: chr7-44200884;