NM_000021.4:c.73A>G

Variant names:

• chr14-73148092-A-G
• NM_000021.4:c.73A>G

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. The variant received 1 ACMG points: 3P and 2B. PM2 PP2 BP4_Moderate

The NM_000021.4(PSEN1):​c.73A>G​(p.Thr25Ala) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★).

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
• Consequence: PSEN1 NM_000021.4 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, single submitter U:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 0.931
• Publications: 0 publications found

Genes affected

PSEN1 (HGNC:9508): (presenilin 1) Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients with an inherited form of the disease carry mutations in the presenilin proteins (PSEN1; PSEN2) or in the amyloid precursor protein (APP). These disease-linked mutations result in increased production of the longer form of amyloid-beta (main component of amyloid deposits found in AD brains). Presenilins are postulated to regulate APP processing through their effects on gamma-secretase, an enzyme that cleaves APP. Also, it is thought that the presenilins are involved in the cleavage of the Notch receptor, such that they either directly regulate gamma-secretase activity or themselves are protease enzymes. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified for this gene, the full-length nature of only some have been determined. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2008]

PSEN1 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• Alzheimer disease 3

  Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG Submitted by: Ambry Genetics, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Genomics England PanelApp
• Pick disease

  Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp
• semantic dementia

  Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG, LIMITED Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
• behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• familial isolated dilated cardiomyopathy

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• acne inversa, familial, 3

  Inheritance: AD Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
• dilated cardiomyopathy 1U

  Inheritance: AD Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
• dilated cardiomyopathy

  Inheritance: AD Classification: NO_KNOWN Submitted by: ClinGen

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Uncertain_significance. The variant received 1 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP2: Missense variant in the PSEN1 gene, where missense mutations are typically associated with disease (based on misZ statistic). The gene has 113 curated pathogenic missense variants (we use a threshold of 10). The gene has 14 curated benign missense variants. Gene score misZ: 2.1558 (below the threshold of 3.09). Trascript score misZ: 3.0986 (above the threshold of 3.09). GenCC associations: The gene is linked to Alzheimer disease 3, familial isolated dilated cardiomyopathy, dilated cardiomyopathy 1U, acne inversa, familial, 3, Pick disease, behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia, semantic dementia, early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease, dilated cardiomyopathy.
• BP4: Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.13505918).

Variant Effect in Transcripts

ACMG analysis was done for transcript: NM_000021.4. You can select a different transcript below to see updated ACMG assignments.

RefSeq Transcripts

Sel.	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	PSEN1	NM_000021.4	MANE Select	c.73A>G	p.Thr25Ala	missense	Exon 3 of 12	NP_000012.1	A0A024R6A3
	PSEN1	NM_007318.3		c.73A>G	p.Thr25Ala	missense splice_region	Exon 3 of 12	NP_015557.2	A0A0S2Z4D2

Ensembl Transcripts

Sel.	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	PSEN1	ENST00000324501.10	TSL:1 MANE Select	c.73A>G	p.Thr25Ala	missense	Exon 3 of 12	ENSP00000326366.5	P49768-1
	PSEN1	ENST00000357710.8	TSL:1	c.73A>G	p.Thr25Ala	missense splice_region	Exon 3 of 12	ENSP00000350342.4	P49768-2
	PSEN1	ENST00000394164.5	TSL:1	c.73A>G	p.Thr25Ala	missense splice_region	Exon 3 of 12	ENSP00000377719.1	P49768-2

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 30

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ClinVar

ClinVar submissions

Significance: Uncertain significance

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

Pathogenic	VUS	Benign	Condition
-	1	-	Pick disease;C0338451:Frontotemporal dementia;C1843013:Alzheimer disease 3;C3151038:Acne inversa, familial, 3 (1)

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.9

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Benign	0.065
BayesDel_addAF	Uncertain	0.14	D
BayesDel_noAF	Uncertain	-0.040
CADD	Benign	14
DANN	Benign	0.90
DEOGEN2	Benign	0.020	T
Eigen	Benign	-0.79
Eigen_PC	Benign	-0.63
FATHMM_MKL	Benign	0.19	N
LIST_S2	Benign	0.62	T
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.45	D
MetaRNN	Benign	0.12	T
MetaSVM	Uncertain	0.71	D
MutationAssessor	Benign	1.8	L
PhyloP100		0.93
PrimateAI	Benign	0.33	T
PROVEAN	Benign	-0.73	N
REVEL	Uncertain	0.53
Sift	Benign	0.36	T
Sift4G	Benign	0.66	T
Polyphen		0.0010	B
Vest4		0.12
MutPred		0.20		Loss of phosphorylation at T25 (P = 0.0384)
MVP		0.95
MPC		0.51
ClinPred		0.052	T
GERP RS		1.7
PromoterAI		0.0044	Neutral
RBP_binding_hub_radar		0.0
RBP_regulation_power_radar		1.7
Varity_R		0.024
gMVP		0.25
Mutation Taster		=88/12	polymorphism

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.010		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

hg19: chr14-73614800;