NM_000038.6:c.422+2T>A

Variant names:

• chr5-112767392-T-A
• rs879254169
• NM_000038.6:c.422+2T>A

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. The variant received 18 ACMG points: 18P and 0B. PVS1 PM2 PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_000038.6(APC):​c.422+2T>A variant causes a splice donor, intron change. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. 3/3 splice prediction tools predicting alterations to normal splicing. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely pathogenic (★★).

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
• Consequence: APC NM_000038.6 splice_donor, intron
• Scores: Splicing: ADA: 1.000
• Clinical Significance: Likely pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:2
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 4.63
• Publications: 0 publications found

Genes affected

APC (HGNC:583): (APC regulator of WNT signaling pathway) This gene encodes a tumor suppressor protein that acts as an antagonist of the Wnt signaling pathway. It is also involved in other processes including cell migration and adhesion, transcriptional activation, and apoptosis. Defects in this gene cause familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), an autosomal dominant pre-malignant disease that usually progresses to malignancy. Mutations in the APC gene have been found to occur in most colorectal cancers, where disease-associated mutations tend to be clustered in a small region designated the mutation cluster region (MCR) and result in a truncated protein product. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2022]

APC Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• classic or attenuated familial adenomatous polyposis

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: ClinGen
• desmoid tumor

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: G2P, Genomics England PanelApp
• familial adenomatous polyposis 1

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, MODERATE Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Ambry Genetics
• gastric adenocarcinoma and proximal polyposis of the stomach

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Ambry Genetics, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), ClinGen, Orphanet
• sarcoma

  Inheritance: AD Classification: MODERATE Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp
• APC-related attenuated familial adenomatous polyposis

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• Turcot syndrome with polyposis

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• Cenani-Lenz syndactyly syndrome

  Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Pathogenic. The variant received 18 ACMG points.

• PVS1: Splicing +-2 bp (donor or acceptor) variant, LoF is a know mechanism of disease, No cryptic splice site detected. Exon removal results in frameshift change.
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP5: Variant 5-112767392-T-A is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr5-112767392-T-A is described in CliVar as Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584052.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr5-112767392-T-A is described in CliVar as Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584052.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr5-112767392-T-A is described in CliVar as Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584052.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr5-112767392-T-A is described in CliVar as Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584052.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr5-112767392-T-A is described in CliVar as Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584052.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr5-112767392-T-A is described in CliVar as Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584052.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr5-112767392-T-A is described in CliVar as Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584052.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr5-112767392-T-A is described in CliVar as Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584052.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr5-112767392-T-A is described in CliVar as Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584052.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr5-112767392-T-A is described in CliVar as Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584052.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr5-112767392-T-A is described in CliVar as Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584052.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr5-112767392-T-A is described in CliVar as Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584052.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr5-112767392-T-A is described in CliVar as Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584052.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr5-112767392-T-A is described in CliVar as Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584052.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr5-112767392-T-A is described in CliVar as Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584052.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr5-112767392-T-A is described in CliVar as Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584052.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr5-112767392-T-A is described in CliVar as Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584052.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr5-112767392-T-A is described in CliVar as Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584052.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr5-112767392-T-A is described in CliVar as Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584052.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr5-112767392-T-A is described in CliVar as Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584052.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr5-112767392-T-A is described in CliVar as Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584052.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr5-112767392-T-A is described in CliVar as Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584052.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr5-112767392-T-A is described in CliVar as Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584052.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr5-112767392-T-A is described in CliVar as Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584052.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr5-112767392-T-A is described in CliVar as Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584052.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr5-112767392-T-A is described in CliVar as Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584052.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr5-112767392-T-A is described in CliVar as Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584052.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr5-112767392-T-A is described in CliVar as Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584052.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr5-112767392-T-A is described in CliVar as Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584052.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr5-112767392-T-A is described in CliVar as Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584052.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr5-112767392-T-A is described in CliVar as Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584052.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr5-112767392-T-A is described in CliVar as Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584052.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr5-112767392-T-A is described in CliVar as Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584052.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr5-112767392-T-A is described in CliVar as Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584052.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr5-112767392-T-A is described in CliVar as Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584052.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr5-112767392-T-A is described in CliVar as Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584052.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr5-112767392-T-A is described in CliVar as Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584052.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr5-112767392-T-A is described in CliVar as Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584052.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr5-112767392-T-A is described in CliVar as Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584052.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr5-112767392-T-A is described in CliVar as Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584052.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr5-112767392-T-A is described in CliVar as Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584052.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr5-112767392-T-A is described in CliVar as Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584052.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr5-112767392-T-A is described in CliVar as Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584052.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr5-112767392-T-A is described in CliVar as Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584052.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr5-112767392-T-A is described in CliVar as Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584052.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr5-112767392-T-A is described in CliVar as Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584052.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
APC	NM_000038.6	c.422+2T>A		splice_donor_variant, intron_variant	Intron 4 of 15	ENST00000257430.9	NP_000029.2

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
APC	ENST00000257430.9	c.422+2T>A		splice_donor_variant, intron_variant	Intron 4 of 15	5	NM_000038.6	ENSP00000257430.4

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 28

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ClinVar

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:2

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Familial adenomatous polyposis 1 Pathogenic:1

Apr 25, 2023

Myriad Genetics, Inc.

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This variant is considered likely pathogenic. This variant occurs within a consensus splice junction and is predicted to result in abnormal mRNA splicing of either an out-of-frame exon or an in-frame exon necessary for protein stability and/or normal function. -

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Pathogenic:1

Feb 18, 2025

Ambry Genetics

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The c.422+2T>A intronic variant results from a T to A substitution two nucleotides after coding exon 3 in the APC gene. This variant was reported in individuals with features consistent with familial adenomatous polyposis (Olschwang S et al. Am J Hum Genet, 1993 Feb;52:273-9; Lagarde A et al. J Med Genet, 2010 Oct;47:721-2; Ambry internal data). This variant is considered to be rare based on population cohorts in the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). This nucleotide position is highly conserved in available vertebrate species. In silico splice site analysis predicts that this alteration will weaken the native splice donor site; however, direct evidence is insufficient at this time (Ambry internal data). In addition to the clinical data presented in the literature, alterations that disrupt the canonical splice site are expected to cause aberrant splicing, resulting in an abnormal protein or a transcript that is subject to nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. As such, this alteration is classified as likely pathogenic. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.63	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.32
CADD	Pathogenic	33
DANN	Uncertain	0.99
Eigen	Pathogenic	1.0
Eigen_PC	Pathogenic	0.87
FATHMM_MKL	Uncertain	0.96	D
PhyloP100		4.6
GERP RS		5.4
Mutation Taster		=0/100	disease causing

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
dbscSNV1_ADA	Pathogenic	1.0
dbscSNV1_RF	Pathogenic	0.93
SpliceAI score (max)		0.92		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2
DS_DL_spliceai		0.92		Position offset: -2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs879254169; hg19: chr5-112103089;