NM_000143.4:c.1301G>A

Variant names:

• chr1-241500526-C-T
• rs398123164
• NM_000143.4:c.1301G>A
• FH p.Cys434Tyr

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. The variant received 14 ACMG points: 14P and 0B. PS3 PM2 PM5 PP2 PP3_Strong PP5

The NM_000143.4(FH):​c.1301G>A​(p.Cys434Tyr) variant causes a missense change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000661 in 151,328 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity (no stars). ClinVar reports functional evidence for this variant: "SCV000251432: Published functional studies suggest a damaging effect: increased intracellular fumarate levels compared to wild-type (PMID:25004247)" and additional evidence is available in ClinVar. Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. C434R) has been classified as Likely pathogenic.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: 𝑓 0.0000066 (0 hom., cov: 31)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000014 (0 hom.)
  • Failed GnomAD Quality Control
• Consequence: FH NM_000143.4 missense
• Clinical Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity criteria provided, conflicting classifications P:4 U:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 5.77
• Publications: 6 publications found

Genes affected

FH (HGNC:3700): (fumarate hydratase) The protein encoded by this gene is an enzymatic component of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, or Krebs cycle, and catalyzes the formation of L-malate from fumarate. It exists in both a cytosolic form and an N-terminal extended form, differing only in the translation start site used. The N-terminal extended form is targeted to the mitochondrion, where the removal of the extension generates the same form as in the cytoplasm. It is similar to some thermostable class II fumarases and functions as a homotetramer. Mutations in this gene can cause fumarase deficiency and lead to progressive encephalopathy. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

FH Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Orphanet, G2P, ClinGen, Ambry Genetics
• fumaric aciduria

  Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet, Ambry Genetics, G2P, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
• pheochromocytoma-paraganglioma

  Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG Submitted by: Ambry Genetics
• leiomyosarcoma

  Inheritance: AD Classification: MODERATE Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp
• hereditary pheochromocytoma-paraganglioma

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Pathogenic. The variant received 14 ACMG points.

• PS3: PS3 evidence extracted from ClinVar submissions: SCV000251432: Published functional studies suggest a damaging effect: increased intracellular fumarate levels compared to wild-type (PMID: 25004247);; SCV000283664: Experimental studies have shown that this missense change affects FH function (PMID: 25004247).; SCV000581667: "This alteration was identified in a 6-year-old boy who presented with pheochromocytoma and further in vitro analyses showed that this alteration is catalytically inactive (Clark GR et al. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2014 Oct; 99(10):E2046-50)."; SCV004018710: Functional studies indicate this variant impacts protein function [PMID: 25004247].
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PM5: Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chr1-241500527-A-G is described in ClinVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. ClinVar VariationId is 954126.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.
• PP2: Missense variant in the gene, where a lot of missense mutations are associated with disease in ClinVar. The gene has 132 curated pathogenic missense variants (we use a threshold of 10). The gene has 17 curated benign missense variants. Gene score misZ: 1.2708 (below the threshold of 3.09). Trascript score misZ: 2.0634 (below the threshold of 3.09). GenCC associations: The gene is linked to fumaric aciduria, hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer, pheochromocytoma-paraganglioma, hereditary pheochromocytoma-paraganglioma, leiomyosarcoma.
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.994
• PP5: Variant 1-241500526-C-T is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr1-241500526-C-T is described in ClinVar as Conflicting_classifications_of_pathogenicity. ClinVar VariationId is 92453.

Variant Effect in Transcripts

ACMG analysis was done for transcript: NM_000143.4. You can select a different transcript below to see updated ACMG assignments.

RefSeq Transcripts

Sel.	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	FH	NM_000143.4	MANE Select	c.1301G>A	p.Cys434Tyr	missense	Exon 9 of 10	NP_000134.2

Ensembl Transcripts

Sel.	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	FH	ENST00000366560.4	TSL:1 MANE Select	c.1301G>A	p.Cys434Tyr	missense	Exon 9 of 10	ENSP00000355518.4	P07954-1
	FH	ENST00000958409.1		c.1298G>A	p.Cys433Tyr	missense	Exon 9 of 10	ENSP00000628468.1
	FH	ENST00000932939.1		c.1253G>A	p.Cys418Tyr	missense	Exon 9 of 10	ENSP00000602998.1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes AF: 0.00000661 AC: 1 AN: 151328 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 31

Gnomad AFR AF: 0.0000243

Gnomad AMI AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad SAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN AF: 0.00

Gnomad MID AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE AF: 0.00

Gnomad OTH AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 exome Data not reliable, filtered out with message: AS_VQSR AF: 0.00000137 AC: 2 AN: 1461696 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32 AF XY: 0.00000275 AC XY: 2 AN XY: 727156

African (AFR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 33472

American (AMR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 44720

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 26130

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 39680

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 86256

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 53402

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 5754

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 0.00000180 AC: 2 AN: 1111902

Other (OTH) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 60380

GnomAD4 genome AF: 0.00000661 AC: 1 AN: 151328 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 31 AF XY: 0.00 AC XY: 0 AN XY: 73816

African (AFR) AF: 0.0000243 AC: 1 AN: 41134

American (AMR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 15194

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 3468

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 5138

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 4802

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 10382

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 316

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 67900

Other (OTH) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 2084

Alfa AF: 0.0000740 Hom.: 0

Bravo AF: 0.00000378

ClinVar

ClinVar submissions

Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity

Revision: criteria provided, conflicting classifications

Pathogenic	VUS	Benign	Condition
2	1	-	not provided (3)
1	-	-	Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome (1)
1	-	-	Hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer (1)

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.9

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	0.99
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.56	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.57
CADD	Pathogenic	28
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Pathogenic	0.92	D
Eigen	Pathogenic	1.0
Eigen_PC	Pathogenic	0.93
FATHMM_MKL	Uncertain	0.92	D
LIST_S2	Pathogenic	0.98	D
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.89	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.99	D
MetaSVM	Pathogenic	0.96	D
MutationAssessor	Pathogenic	4.4	H
PhyloP100		5.8
PrimateAI	Pathogenic	0.87	D
PROVEAN	Pathogenic	-10	D
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.96
Sift	Pathogenic	0.0	D
Sift4G	Pathogenic	0.0	D
Varity_R		0.95
gMVP		0.98
Mutation Taster		=3/97	disease causing (ClinVar)

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.010		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

MaxEntScan Visualizer can be used to analyze the impact of this mutation on the neighboring sequence.

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs398123164; hg19: chr1-241663826;