NM_000230.3:c.328G>A

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely benign. The variant received -1 ACMG points: 3P and 4B. PM1PP2BP4_Strong

The NM_000230.3(LEP):c.328G>A(p.Val110Met) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000152 in 1,614,044 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 17/22 in silico tools predict a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★).

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.00016 ( 0 hom., cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.00015 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

LEP
NM_000230.3 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Uncertain significance criteria provided, single submitter U:2

Conservation

PhyloP100: -0.227

Publications

18 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

LEP (HGNC:6553): (leptin) This gene encodes a protein that is secreted by white adipocytes into the circulation and plays a major role in the regulation of energy homeostasis. Circulating leptin binds to the leptin receptor in the brain, which activates downstream signaling pathways that inhibit feeding and promote energy expenditure. This protein also has several endocrine functions, and is involved in the regulation of immune and inflammatory responses, hematopoiesis, angiogenesis, reproduction, bone formation and wound healing. Mutations in this gene and its regulatory regions cause severe obesity and morbid obesity with hypogonadism in human patients. A mutation in this gene has also been linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus development. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2017]

LEP Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

obesity due to congenital leptin deficiency
Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Genomics England PanelApp, Ambry Genetics, Orphanet

LEP links:

ENSG00000289434 (HGNC:):

ENSG00000289434 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Likely_benign. The variant received -1 ACMG points.

PM1

In a chain Leptin (size 145) in uniprot entity LEP_HUMAN there are 6 pathogenic changes around while only 1 benign (86%) in NM_000230.3

PP2

Missense variant in the gene, where a lot of missense mutations are associated with disease in ClinVar. The gene has 6 curated pathogenic missense variants (we use a threshold of 10). The gene has 1 curated benign missense variants. Gene score misZ: 0.90973 (below the threshold of 3.09). Trascript score misZ: 1.8247 (below the threshold of 3.09). GenCC associations: The gene is linked to obesity due to congenital leptin deficiency.

BP4

Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.06650892).

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
LEP	NM_000230.3 link	c.328G>A	p.Val110Met	missense_variant	Exon 3 of 3	ENST00000308868.5	NP_000221.1	P41159A4D0Y8
LEP	XM_005250340.6 link	c.325G>A	p.Val109Met	missense_variant	Exon 3 of 3		XP_005250397.1	P41159

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
LEP	ENST00000308868.5 link	c.328G>A	p.Val110Met	missense_variant	Exon 3 of 3	1	NM_000230.3	ENSP00000312652.4		P41159
ENSG00000289434	ENST00000785131.1 link	n.168+8775C>T		intron_variant	Intron 1 of 1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.000158

AC:

AN:

152184

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.0000241

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.0000655

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.000471

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.000220

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.000957

GnomAD2 exomes

AF:

0.000151

AC:

AN:

251460

AF XY:

0.000147

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.0000289

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.000163

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.000416

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.000193

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.000163

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.000152

AC:

222

AN:

1461860

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.000151

AC XY:

110

AN XY:

727230

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

33480

American (AMR)

AF:

0.0000224

AC:

AN:

44724

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

26136

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.0000504

AC:

AN:

39700

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.0000232

AC:

AN:

86258

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.000356

AC:

AN:

53398

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.000173

AC:

AN:

5768

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.000161

AC:

179

AN:

1112000

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.000298

AC:

AN:

60396

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.484

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.000158

AC:

AN:

152184

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.000188

AC XY:

AN XY:

74324

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.0000241

AC:

AN:

41454

American (AMR)

AF:

0.0000655

AC:

AN:

15276

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

3472

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5190

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

4832

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.000471

AC:

AN:

10610

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

316

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.000220

AC:

AN:

68032

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.000957

AC:

AN:

2090

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.502

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Genome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

Alfa

AF:

0.000147

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.000110

TwinsUK

AF:

0.000539

AC:

ALSPAC

AF:

0.00

AC:

ESP6500AA

AF:

0.00

AC:

ESP6500EA

AF:

0.000349

AC:

ExAC

AF:

0.000132

AC:

EpiCase

AF:

0.000218

EpiControl

AF:

0.000296

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:2

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

LEP-related disorder

Uncertain:1

Mar 13, 2024

PreventionGenetics, part of Exact Sciences

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:clinical testing

The LEP c.328G>A variant is predicted to result in the amino acid substitution p.Val110Met. This variant was reported in the heterozygous state in an obese individual with a low serum leptin level (Karvonen et al. 1998. PubMed ID: 9745435). This variant was also documented in the heterozygous state in a control individual with normal weight (Echwald et al. 1997. PubMed ID: 9130031). This variant is also reported in 0.036% of alleles in individuals of European (Finnish) descent in gnomAD, which is a much higher frequency than other documented causative variants in this gene (Human Gene Mutation Database). At this time, the clinical significance of this variant is uncertain due to the absence of conclusive functional and genetic evidence. -

not provided

Uncertain:1

Dec 02, 2024

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This sequence change replaces valine, which is neutral and non-polar, with methionine, which is neutral and non-polar, at codon 110 of the LEP protein (p.Val110Met). This variant is present in population databases (rs1800564, gnomAD 0.03%). This missense change has been observed in individual(s) with obesity (PMID: 9745435). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 2136611). An algorithm developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function outputs the following: PolyPhen-2: "Benign". The methionine amino acid residue is found in multiple mammalian species, which suggests that this missense change does not adversely affect protein function. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Benign

0.078

BayesDel_addAF

Benign

-0.39

BayesDel_noAF

Benign

-0.51

CADD

Benign

9.5

(source)

DANN

Benign

0.95

DEOGEN2

Benign

0.24

Eigen

Benign

-0.86

Eigen_PC

Benign

-0.75

FATHMM_MKL

Benign

0.033

LIST_S2

Uncertain

0.86

M_CAP

Benign

0.017

MetaRNN

Benign

0.067

MetaSVM

Benign

-0.98

MutationAssessor

Benign

-0.55

PhyloP100

-0.23

PrimateAI

Benign

0.26

PROVEAN

Benign

0.91

REVEL

Benign

0.13

Sift

Benign

0.12

Sift4G

Uncertain

0.019

Polyphen

0.0050

Vest4

0.028

MVP

0.61

MPC

0.52

ClinPred

0.018

GERP RS

2.5

Varity_R

0.11

gMVP

0.21

Mutation Taster

=95/5

polymorphism

(source)

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

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Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

Age Distribution

Age Distribution

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over