Genetic Variant NM_000275.3:c.1001C>T (chr15-28014819-G-A) – ACMG Classification: Pathogenic (18 pts)

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. The variant received 18 ACMG points: 18P and 0B. PM1PM2PM5PP3_StrongPP5_Very_Strong

The NM_000275.3(OCA2):c.1001C>T(p.Ala334Val) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000991 in 1,613,900 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (★★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. A334T) has been classified as Likely pathogenic.

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.0000066 ( 0 hom., cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.000010 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

OCA2
NM_000275.3 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:7

Conservation

PhyloP100: 8.43

Publications

9 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

OCA2 (HGNC:8101): (OCA2 melanosomal transmembrane protein) This gene encodes the human homolog of the mouse p (pink-eyed dilution) gene. The encoded protein is believed to be an integral membrane protein involved in small molecule transport, specifically tyrosine, which is a precursor to melanin synthesis. It is involved in mammalian pigmentation, where it may control skin color variation and act as a determinant of brown or blue eye color. Mutations in this gene result in type 2 oculocutaneous albinism. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2014]

OCA2 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

oculocutaneous albinism type 2
Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: ClinGen, Orphanet, G2P, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Ambry Genetics

OCA2 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Pathogenic. The variant received 18 ACMG points.

PM1

In a hotspot region, there are 2 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 4 benign, 6 uncertain in NM_000275.3

PM2

Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage;

PM5

Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chr15-28014820-C-T is described in ClinVar as Conflicting_classifications_of_pathogenicity. ClinVar VariationId is 522150.

PP3

MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.982

PP5

Variant 15-28014819-G-A is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr15-28014819-G-A is described in ClinVar as Pathogenic. ClinVar VariationId is 958.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.

Variant Effect in Transcripts

ACMG analysis was done for transcript: NM_000275.3. You can select a different transcript below to see updated ACMG assignments.

RefSeq Transcripts

Sel.	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	OCA2	NM_000275.3	MANE Select	c.1001C>T	p.Ala334Val	missense	Exon 9 of 24	NP_000266.2	Q04671-1
	OCA2	NM_001300984.2		c.1001C>T	p.Ala334Val	missense	Exon 9 of 23	NP_001287913.1	Q04671-2

Ensembl Transcripts

Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
OCA2	ENST00000354638.8	TSL:1 MANE Select	c.1001C>T	p.Ala334Val	missense	Exon 9 of 24	ENSP00000346659.3	Q04671-1
OCA2	ENST00000353809.9	TSL:1	c.1001C>T	p.Ala334Val	missense	Exon 9 of 23	ENSP00000261276.8	Q04671-2
OCA2	ENST00000910120.1		c.1001C>T	p.Ala334Val	missense	Exon 9 of 26	ENSP00000580179.1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.00000658

AC:

AN:

152088

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.0000147

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD2 exomes

AF:

0.00000797

AC:

AN:

251086

AF XY:

0.00000737

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.00000880

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.0000103

AC:

AN:

1461812

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.00000825

AC XY:

AN XY:

727196

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

33480

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

44724

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

26134

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

39700

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.0000232

AC:

AN:

86252

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

53354

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5768

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.0000117

AC:

AN:

1112004

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

60396

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.478

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.00000658

AC:

AN:

152088

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.00

AC XY:

AN XY:

74264

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

41402

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

15264

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

3472

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5176

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

4824

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

10604

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

316

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.0000147

AC:

AN:

68024

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

2094

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.575

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Alfa

AF:

0.00

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.0000113

EpiCase

AF:

0.00

EpiControl

AF:

0.0000593

ClinVar

ClinVar submissions

Significance:Pathogenic

Revision:criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

View on ClinVar

Pathogenic

VUS

Benign

Condition

Tyrosinase-positive oculocutaneous albinism (3)

not provided (2)

SKIN/HAIR/EYE PIGMENTATION 1, BLUE/NONBLUE EYES (1)

Tyrosinase-positive oculocutaneous albinism;C1856895:SKIN/HAIR/EYE PIGMENTATION 1, BLUE/NONBLUE EYES (1)

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.9

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Pathogenic

0.82

BayesDel_addAF

Pathogenic

0.40

BayesDel_noAF

Pathogenic

0.44

CADD

Uncertain

(source)

DANN

Pathogenic

1.0

DEOGEN2

Uncertain

0.71

Eigen

Uncertain

0.54

Eigen_PC

Uncertain

0.43

FATHMM_MKL

Uncertain

0.96

LIST_S2

Benign

0.84

M_CAP

Benign

0.080

MetaRNN

Pathogenic

0.98

MetaSVM

Pathogenic

0.83

MutationAssessor

Pathogenic

3.0

PhyloP100

8.4

PrimateAI

Uncertain

0.58

PROVEAN

Uncertain

-2.9

REVEL

Pathogenic

0.74

Sift

Benign

0.033

Sift4G

Uncertain

0.0080

Polyphen

1.0

Vest4

0.89

MutPred

0.81

Gain of catalytic residue at A334 (P = 0.1549)

MVP

0.98

MPC

0.48

ClinPred

0.95

GERP RS

5.5

Varity_R

0.50

gMVP

0.85

Mutation Taster

=1/99

disease causing (ClinVar)

(source)

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

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Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Variant Effect in Transcripts

RefSeq Transcripts

Ensembl Transcripts

Frequencies

Age Distribution

ClinVar

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over