NM_000275.3:c.1183A>C

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. The variant received 5 ACMG points: 5P and 0B. PM2PP3_ModeratePP5

The NM_000275.3(OCA2):c.1183A>C(p.Met395Leu) variant causes a missense, splice region change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000444 in 1,574,856 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. 3/3 splice prediction tools predict no significant impact on normal splicing. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity (no stars). Another nucleotide change resulting in the same amino acid substitution has been previously reported as Likely pathogenic in ClinVar. Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. M395T) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.000026 ( 0 hom., cov: 33)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000021 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

OCA2
NM_000275.3 missense, splice_region

Scores

Splicing: ADA: 0.2028

Clinical Significance

Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity criteria provided, conflicting classifications P:4U:3

Conservation

PhyloP100: 5.16

Publications

3 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

OCA2 (HGNC:8101): (OCA2 melanosomal transmembrane protein) This gene encodes the human homolog of the mouse p (pink-eyed dilution) gene. The encoded protein is believed to be an integral membrane protein involved in small molecule transport, specifically tyrosine, which is a precursor to melanin synthesis. It is involved in mammalian pigmentation, where it may control skin color variation and act as a determinant of brown or blue eye color. Mutations in this gene result in type 2 oculocutaneous albinism. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2014]

OCA2 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

oculocutaneous albinism type 2
Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Orphanet, Ambry Genetics, G2P, ClinGen

OCA2 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Uncertain_significance. The variant received 5 ACMG points.

PM2

Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage;

PP3

MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.893

PP5

Variant 15-27986643-T-G is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr15-27986643-T-G is described in ClinVar as [Conflicting_classifications_of_pathogenicity]. Clinvar id is 193984.We mark this variant Likely_pathogenic, oryginal submissions are: {Uncertain_significance=3, Likely_pathogenic=3, Pathogenic=1}.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
OCA2	NM_000275.3 link	c.1183A>C	p.Met395Leu	missense_variant, splice_region_variant	Exon 12 of 24	ENST00000354638.8	NP_000266.2	Q04671-1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
OCA2	ENST00000354638.8 link	c.1183A>C	p.Met395Leu	missense_variant, splice_region_variant	Exon 12 of 24	1	NM_000275.3	ENSP00000346659.3		Q04671-1
OCA2	ENST00000353809.9 link	c.1111A>C	p.Met371Leu	missense_variant, splice_region_variant	Exon 11 of 23	1		ENSP00000261276.8		Q04671-2

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.0000263

AC:

AN:

152198

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.0000965

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD2 exomes

AF:

0.00000398

AC:

AN:

251370

AF XY:

0.00000736

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.0000616

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.00000211

AC:

AN:

1422658

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.00000141

AC XY:

AN XY:

710596

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.0000908

AC:

AN:

33036

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

44682

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

25940

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

39446

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

85618

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

53410

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5688

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

1075782

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

59056

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.408

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.0000263

AC:

AN:

152198

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000269

AC XY:

AN XY:

74360

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.0000965

AC:

AN:

41450

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

15282

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

3470

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5198

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

4828

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

10618

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

316

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

68034

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

2090

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.650

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Alfa

AF:

0.0000658

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.0000340

ExAC

AF:

0.00000824

AC:

ClinVar

Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:4Uncertain:3

Revision: criteria provided, conflicting classifications

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

not provided

Pathogenic:2Uncertain:1

Jun 20, 2024

GeneDx

Significance:Likely pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

In silico analysis supports that this missense variant has a deleterious effect on protein structure/function; This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 7874125) -

Aug 18, 2014

Eurofins Ntd Llc (ga)

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Nov 23, 2024

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This sequence change replaces methionine, which is neutral and non-polar, with leucine, which is neutral and non-polar, at codon 395 of the OCA2 protein (p.Met395Leu). This variant is present in population databases (rs757286784, gnomAD 0.008%). This missense change has been observed in individual(s) with clinical features of oculocutaneous albinism (PMID: 7874125; internal data). In at least one individual the data is consistent with being in trans (on the opposite chromosome) from a pathogenic variant. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 193984). An algorithm developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function (PolyPhen-2) suggests that this variant is likely to be disruptive. This variant disrupts the p.Met195 amino acid residue in OCA2. Other variant(s) that disrupt this residue have been observed in individuals with OCA2-related conditions (PMID: 20019752), which suggests that this may be a clinically significant amino acid residue. For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. -

Tyrosinase-positive oculocutaneous albinism

Pathogenic:1Uncertain:2

Nov 07, 2021

Genome-Nilou Lab

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Apr 28, 2017

Illumina Laboratory Services, Illumina

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This variant was observed as part of a predisposition screen in an ostensibly healthy population. A literature search was performed for the gene, cDNA change, and amino acid change (where applicable). No publications were found based on this search. Allele frequency data from public databases did not allow this variant to be ruled in or out of causing disease. Therefore, this variant is classified as a variant of unknown significance. -

Mar 28, 2016

Genetic Services Laboratory, University of Chicago

Significance:Likely pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Tyrosinase-positive oculocutaneous albinism;C1856895:SKIN/HAIR/EYE PIGMENTATION 1, BLUE/NONBLUE EYES

Pathogenic:1

May 01, 2024

Fulgent Genetics, Fulgent Genetics

Significance:Likely pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Pathogenic

0.88

BayesDel_addAF

Pathogenic

0.45

BayesDel_noAF

Pathogenic

0.41

CADD

Pathogenic

(source)

DANN

Uncertain

0.98

DEOGEN2

Uncertain

0.79

.;D

Eigen

Pathogenic

0.80

Eigen_PC

Pathogenic

0.73

FATHMM_MKL

Uncertain

0.96

LIST_S2

Pathogenic

0.99

D;D

M_CAP

Uncertain

0.14

MetaRNN

Pathogenic

0.89

D;D

MetaSVM

Pathogenic

0.97

MutationAssessor

Pathogenic

3.8

.;H

PhyloP100

5.2

PrimateAI

Uncertain

0.75

PROVEAN

Uncertain

-2.8

D;D

REVEL

Pathogenic

0.90

Sift

Pathogenic

0.0

D;D

Sift4G

Pathogenic

0.0

D;D

Polyphen

1.0

D;D

Vest4

0.81

MutPred

0.85

.;Gain of catalytic residue at M395 (P = 0.2731);

MVP

0.97

MPC

0.41

ClinPred

0.97

GERP RS

5.6

Varity_R

0.80

gMVP

0.95

Mutation Taster

=5/95

disease causing (ClinVar)

(source)

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

dbscSNV1_ADA

Benign

0.20

dbscSNV1_RF

Benign

0.61

Splicevardb

2.0

SpliceAI score (max)

0.030

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

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NM_000275.3:c.1183A>C

Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

Age Distribution

Age Distribution

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over