NM_000277.3:c.261C>G

Variant names:

• chr12-102894826-G-C
• rs62516151
• NM_000277.3:c.261C>G

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. The variant received 15 ACMG points: 15P and 0B. PS1_Very_Strong PM1 PM2 PP2 PP3_Moderate

The NM_000277.3(PAH):​c.261C>G​(p.Ser87Arg) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. No clinical diagnostic laboratories have submitted clinical-significance assessments for this variant to ClinVar. Another nucleotide change resulting in the same amino acid substitution has been previously reported as Likely pathogenic in ClinVar. Synonymous variant affecting the same amino acid position (i.e. S87S) has been classified as Likely benign.

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
• Consequence: PAH NM_000277.3 missense
• Clinical Significance: Not reported in ClinVar
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 0.967
• Publications: 0 publications found

Genes affected

PAH (HGNC:8582): (phenylalanine hydroxylase) This gene encodes a member of the biopterin-dependent aromatic amino acid hydroxylase protein family. The encoded phenylalanine hydroxylase enzyme hydroxylates phenylalanine to tyrosine and is the rate-limiting step in phenylalanine catabolism. Deficiency of this enzyme activity results in the autosomal recessive disorder phenylketonuria. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2017]

PAH Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• phenylketonuria

  Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), G2P, ClinGen, Myriad Women’s Health
• classic phenylketonuria

  Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• maternal phenylketonuria

  Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• mild hyperphenylalaninemia

  Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• mild phenylketonuria

  Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• tetrahydrobiopterin-responsive hyperphenylalaninemia/phenylketonuria

  Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet

LOC124902999 (HGNC:):

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Pathogenic. The variant received 15 ACMG points.

• PS1: Transcript NM_000277.3 (PAH) is affected with MISSENSE_VARIANT having same AA change as one Pathogenic present in ClinVar.
• PM1: In a hotspot region, there are 10 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 0 benign, 3 uncertain in NM_000277.3
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP2: Missense variant in the gene, where a lot of missense mutations are associated with disease in ClinVar. The gene has 440 curated pathogenic missense variants (we use a threshold of 10). The gene has 8 curated benign missense variants. Gene score misZ: -0.64755 (below the threshold of 3.09). Trascript score misZ: -0.0084567 (below the threshold of 3.09). GenCC associations: The gene is linked to phenylketonuria, tetrahydrobiopterin-responsive hyperphenylalaninemia/phenylketonuria, maternal phenylketonuria, classic phenylketonuria, mild phenylketonuria, mild hyperphenylalaninemia.
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.877

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
PAH	NM_000277.3	c.261C>G	p.Ser87Arg	missense_variant	Exon 3 of 13	ENST00000553106.6	NP_000268.1
PAH	NM_001354304.2	c.261C>G	p.Ser87Arg	missense_variant	Exon 4 of 14		NP_001341233.1
PAH	XM_017019370.2	c.261C>G	p.Ser87Arg	missense_variant	Exon 3 of 7		XP_016874859.1
LOC124902999	XR_007063428.1	n.863-9872G>C		intron_variant	Intron 2 of 2

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
PAH	ENST00000553106.6	c.261C>G	p.Ser87Arg	missense_variant	Exon 3 of 13	1	NM_000277.3	ENSP00000448059.1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 30

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ClinVar

Not reported in ClinVar

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Uncertain	0.46
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.33	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.24
CADD	Benign	13
DANN	Uncertain	0.98
DEOGEN2	Uncertain	0.71	D;T;T;T
Eigen	Benign	-0.83
Eigen_PC	Benign	-0.76
FATHMM_MKL	Benign	0.74	D
LIST_S2	Benign	0.72	T;T;T;T
M_CAP	Uncertain	0.27	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.88	D;D;D;D
MetaSVM	Uncertain	0.36	D
MutationAssessor	Benign	1.2	L;.;.;.
PhyloP100		0.97
PrimateAI	Benign	0.45	T
PROVEAN	Benign	-1.4	N;N;N;N
REVEL	Uncertain	0.63
Sift	Benign	0.51	T;T;T;T
Sift4G	Benign	0.51	T;T;T;.
Polyphen		0.091	B;.;.;.
Vest4		0.90
MutPred		0.79		Gain of MoRF binding (P = 0.0584);.;Gain of MoRF binding (P = 0.0584);Gain of MoRF binding (P = 0.0584);
MVP		0.86
MPC		0.046
ClinPred		0.23	T
GERP RS		1.3
Varity_R		0.59
gMVP		0.82
Mutation Taster		=10/90	disease causing

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.010		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs62516151; hg19: chr12-103288604;