NM_000303.3:c.691G>A

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 16 ACMG points: 16P and 0B. PM1PM2PP3_StrongPP5_Very_Strong

The NM_000303.3(PMM2):c.691G>A(p.Val231Met) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000564 in 1,613,918 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (★★).

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.000046 ( 0 hom., cov: 33)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.000057 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

PMM2
NM_000303.3 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:19O:1

Conservation

PhyloP100: 8.29

Variant links:

Genes affected

PMM2 (HGNC:9115): (phosphomannomutase 2) The protein encoded by this gene catalyzes the isomerization of mannose 6-phosphate to mannose 1-phosphate, which is a precursor to GDP-mannose necessary for the synthesis of dolichol-P-oligosaccharides. Mutations in this gene have been shown to cause defects in glycoprotein biosynthesis, which manifests as carbohydrate-deficient glycoprotein syndrome type I. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

PMM2 links:

ENSG00000260350 (HGNC:):

ENSG00000260350 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification made for transcript

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 16 ACMG points.

PM1

In a chain Phosphomannomutase 2 (size 244) in uniprot entity PMM2_HUMAN there are 79 pathogenic changes around while only 2 benign (98%) in NM_000303.3

PM2

Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage;

PP3

MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.958

PP5

Variant 16-8847775-G-A is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr16-8847775-G-A is described in ClinVar as [Pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 7719.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr16-8847775-G-A is described in Lovd as [Pathogenic].

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
PMM2	NM_000303.3 link	c.691G>A	p.Val231Met	missense_variant	Exon 8 of 8	ENST00000268261.9	NP_000294.1	O15305-1A0A0S2Z4J6Q59F02
PMM2	XM_047434215.1 link	c.442G>A	p.Val148Met	missense_variant	Exon 6 of 6		XP_047290171.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
PMM2	ENST00000268261.9 link	c.691G>A	p.Val231Met	missense_variant	Exon 8 of 8	1	NM_000303.3	ENSP00000268261.4		O15305-1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.0000460

AC:

AN:

152198

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.000207

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.0000882

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD3 exomes

AF:

0.0000677

AC:

AN:

251246

Hom.:

AF XY:

0.0000663

AC XY:

AN XY:

135808

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.0000289

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.000109

Gnomad SAS exome

AF:

0.0000653

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.0000968

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.000163

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.0000575

AC:

AN:

1461720

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000536

AC XY:

AN XY:

727164

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome

AF:

0.0000447

Gnomad4 ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome

AF:

0.0000504

Gnomad4 SAS exome

AF:

0.000104

Gnomad4 FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome

AF:

0.0000603

Gnomad4 OTH exome

AF:

0.0000662

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.0000460

AC:

AN:

152198

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000269

AC XY:

AN XY:

74342

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS

AF:

0.000207

Gnomad4 FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE

AF:

0.0000882

Gnomad4 OTH

AF:

0.00

Alfa

AF:

0.000193

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.0000416

ESP6500AA

AF:

0.00

AC:

ESP6500EA

AF:

0.000116

AC:

ExAC

AF:

0.0000576

AC:

Asia WGS

AF:

0.000289

AC:

AN:

3478

EpiCase

AF:

0.0000545

EpiControl

AF:

0.000119

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:19Other:1

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

PMM2-congenital disorder of glycosylation

Pathogenic:14Other:1

Nov 15, 2018

Broad Center for Mendelian Genomics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: research

The homozygous p.Val231Met variant in PMM2 was identified by our study in two siblings with Congenital Disorder of Glycosylation. The p.Val231Met variant is pathogenic based off of multiple reports in ClinVar and the literature. -

Apr 11, 2023

Greenwood Genetic Center Diagnostic Laboratories, Greenwood Genetic Center

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

PM3_Very Strong, PS3, PM1, PM2, PP3 -

Pediatric Metabolic Diseases, Hacettepe University

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Dec 20, 2019

Myriad Genetics, Inc.

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

NM_000303.2(PMM2):c.691G>A(V231M) is classified as pathogenic in the context of congenital disorder of glycosylation type Ia. Sources cited for classification include the following: PMID 11156536, 15844218 and 10386614. Classification of NM_000303.2(PMM2):c.691G>A(V231M) is based on the following criteria: This is a well-established pathogenic variant in the literature that has been observed more frequently in patients with clinical diagnoses than in healthy populations. Please note: this variant was assessed in the context of healthy population screening. -

Aug 01, 2000

OMIM

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: literature only

- -

Jan 12, 2024

Fulgent Genetics, Fulgent Genetics

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

GeneReviews

Significance: not provided

Review Status: no classification provided

Collection Method: literature only

- -

Sep 16, 2020

Natera, Inc.

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Apr 02, 2020

Centre for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Sep 22, 2022

Institute for Medical Genetics and Human Genetics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Mar 18, 2024

Baylor Genetics

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Oct 19, 2020

Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

Based on the classification scheme VCGS_Germline_v1.3.2, this variant is classified as Pathogenic. Following criteria are met: 0102 - Loss of function is a known mechanism of disease in this gene and is associated with PMM2-congenital disorder of glycosylation (PMM2-CDG). (I) 0106 - This gene is associated with autosomal recessive disease. (I) 0200 - Variant is predicted to result in a missense amino acid change from valine to methionine (exon 8). (I) 0251 - This variant is heterozygous. (I) 0304 - Variant is present in gnomAD v2 <0.01 for a recessive condition (22 heterozygotes, 0 homozygotes). (SP) 0309 - An alternative amino acid change at the same position has been observed in gnomAD (v2) (1 heterozygote, 0 homozygotes). (I) 0501 - Missense variant consistently predicted to be damaging by multiple in silico tools or highly conserved with a major amino acid change. (SP) 0600 - Variant is located in the annotated PMM domain (NCBI, Decipher, PDB). (I) 0801 - This variant has strong previous evidence of pathogenicity in unrelated individuals. It has been previously reported as pathogenic in patients with PMM2-CDG (ClinVar, LOVD, PMID: 28425223, 30397276). (SP) 1102 - Strong phenotype match for this individual. (SP) 1206 - This variant has been shown to be paternally inherited (VCGS #20G001738). (I) Legend: (SP) - Supporting pathogenic, (I) - Information, (SB) - Supporting benign -

Oct 16, 2024

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This sequence change replaces valine, which is neutral and non-polar, with methionine, which is neutral and non-polar, at codon 231 of the PMM2 protein (p.Val231Met). This variant is present in population databases (rs80338707, gnomAD 0.01%). This missense change has been observed in individual(s) with PMM2-CDG, being one of the most common causes of the disease in European populations (PMID: 9497260, 10801058, 15844218, 23430838, 25355454). In at least one individual the data is consistent with being in trans (on the opposite chromosome) from a pathogenic variant. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 7719). Invitae Evidence Modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) indicates that this missense variant is expected to disrupt PMM2 protein function with a positive predictive value of 95%. Experimental studies have shown that this missense change affects PMM2 function (PMID: 10386614). For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. -

Aug 21, 2017

Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

Variant summary: The PMM2 c.691G>A (p.Val231Met) variant involves the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. 3/4 in silico tools predict a damaging outcome for this variant (SNPsandGO not captured due to low reliability index). This variant was found in 7/120856 control chromosomes at a frequency of 0.0000579, which does not exceed the estimated maximal expected allele frequency of a pathogenic PMM2 variant (0.0055902). This variant has been reported in many pts/families with evidence of co-segregation of the variant with disease. In addition, multiple clinical diagnostic laboratories/reputable databases classified this variant as pathogenic. Taken together, this variant is classified as pathogenic. -

Jun 10, 2020

Research Laboratories, P. D. Hinduja Hospital & MRC

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: research

The p.Val231Met variant has been classified as pathogenic based on several reports in ClinVar and the literature reports. -

not provided

Pathogenic:5

Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Jun 12, 2017

Eurofins Ntd Llc (ga)

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Joint Genome Diagnostic Labs from Nijmegen and Maastricht, Radboudumc and MUMC+

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Jun 16, 2022

GeneDx

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

Published functional studies demonstrate that the V231M variant results in decreased enzymatic activity and thermal stability (Pirard et al., 1999); In silico analysis supports that this missense variant has a deleterious effect on protein structure/function; Not observed at significant frequency in large population cohorts (gnomAD); This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 9497260, 23430838, 25355454, 31981409, 18203160, 22975760, 19168813, 9140401, 15714316, 10386614, 10801058, 10922383, 28425223, 15844218, 11409861, 31589614, 33643843, 33133147, 33413482, 31319225, 33726816, Vignogna2022[preprint], 34420056) -

Dec 01, 2019

CeGaT Center for Human Genetics Tuebingen

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Pathogenic

0.96

BayesDel_addAF

Pathogenic

0.35

BayesDel_noAF

Pathogenic

0.59

CADD

Pathogenic

DANN

Uncertain

1.0

DEOGEN2

Pathogenic

0.93

D;D;.

Eigen

Pathogenic

0.74

Eigen_PC

Uncertain

0.58

FATHMM_MKL

Pathogenic

0.97

LIST_S2

Pathogenic

0.99

D;D;D

M_CAP

Pathogenic

0.54

MetaRNN

Pathogenic

0.96

D;D;D

MetaSVM

Pathogenic

1.0

MutationAssessor

Pathogenic

4.1

.;H;.

PrimateAI

Uncertain

0.56

PROVEAN

Uncertain

-2.9

D;D;D

REVEL

Pathogenic

0.89

Sift

Pathogenic

0.0

D;D;D

Sift4G

Pathogenic

0.0010

D;D;D

Polyphen

1.0

.;D;.

Vest4

0.82

MVP

0.97

MPC

0.045

ClinPred

0.84

GERP RS

5.2

RBP_binding_hub_radar

0.0

RBP_regulation_power_radar

1.7

Varity_R

0.92

gMVP

0.91

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Below is the list of publications found by LitVar. It may be empty.

Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over