NM_000359.3:c.1631A>G

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. The variant received 13 ACMG points: 13P and 0B. PM2PP2PP3_ModeratePP5_Very_Strong

The NM_000359.3(TGM1):c.1631A>G(p.Tyr544Cys) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000118 in 1,614,090 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely pathogenic (★★).

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.000033 ( 0 hom., cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000096 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

TGM1
NM_000359.3 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:3U:1

Conservation

PhyloP100: 7.97

Publications

5 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

TGM1 (HGNC:11777): (transglutaminase 1) The protein encoded by this gene is a membrane protein that catalyzes the addition of an alkyl group from an akylamine to a glutamine residue of a protein, forming an alkylglutamine in the protein. This protein alkylation leads to crosslinking of proteins and catenation of polyamines to proteins. This gene contains either one or two copies of a 22 nt repeat unit in its 3' UTR. Mutations in this gene have been associated with autosomal recessive lamellar ichthyosis (LI) and nonbullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma (NCIE). [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

TGM1 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis 1
Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: G2P, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Myriad Women’s Health, PanelApp Australia, Genomics England PanelApp
acral self-healing collodion baby
Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
bathing suit ichthyosis
Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
congenital non-bullous ichthyosiform erythroderma
Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
lamellar ichthyosis
Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
self-healing collodion baby
Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet

TGM1 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Pathogenic. The variant received 13 ACMG points.

PM2

Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage;

PP2

Missense variant in the gene, where a lot of missense mutations are associated with disease in ClinVar. The gene has 81 curated pathogenic missense variants (we use a threshold of 10). The gene has 20 curated benign missense variants. Gene score misZ: -0.060191 (below the threshold of 3.09). Trascript score misZ: 1.7514 (below the threshold of 3.09). GenCC associations: The gene is linked to autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis 1, acral self-healing collodion baby, bathing suit ichthyosis, congenital non-bullous ichthyosiform erythroderma, lamellar ichthyosis, self-healing collodion baby.

PP3

Splicing predictors support a deleterious effect. Scorers claiming Pathogenic: max_spliceai. No scorers claiming Uncertain. No scorers claiming Benign.

PP5

Variant 14-24255378-T-C is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr14-24255378-T-C is described in ClinVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. ClinVar VariationId is 550231.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.

Variant Effect in Transcripts

ACMG analysis was done for transcript: NM_000359.3. You can select a different transcript below to see updated ACMG assignments.

RefSeq Transcripts

Selected	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	TGM1	NM_000359.3	MANE Select	c.1631A>G	p.Tyr544Cys	missense	Exon 11 of 15	NP_000350.1

Ensembl Transcripts

Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein
TGM1	ENST00000206765.11	TSL:1 MANE Select	c.1631A>G	p.Tyr544Cys	missense	Exon 11 of 15	ENSP00000206765.6
TGM1	ENST00000544573.5	TSL:2	c.305A>G	p.Tyr102Cys	missense	Exon 5 of 9	ENSP00000439446.1
TGM1	ENST00000559136.1	TSL:5	c.*76A>G		downstream_gene	N/A	ENSP00000453337.1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.0000329

AC:

AN:

152204

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.0000965

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.0000654

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD2 exomes

AF:

0.0000279

AC:

AN:

251288

AF XY:

0.0000221

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.0000616

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.000145

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.00000958

AC:

AN:

1461886

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000110

AC XY:

AN XY:

727242

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.0000597

AC:

AN:

33480

American (AMR)

AF:

0.000112

AC:

AN:

44720

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

26136

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

39700

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.0000348

AC:

AN:

86256

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

53418

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5768

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.00000360

AC:

AN:

1112012

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

60396

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.479

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.0000329

AC:

AN:

152204

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000134

AC XY:

AN XY:

74360

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.0000965

AC:

AN:

41448

American (AMR)

AF:

0.0000654

AC:

AN:

15280

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

3472

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5204

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

4828

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

10620

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

316

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

68034

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

2090

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.555

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Genome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

Alfa

AF:

0.00

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.0000189

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:3Uncertain:1

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis 1

Pathogenic:2Uncertain:1

May 29, 2025

Myriad Genetics, Inc.

Significance:Likely pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

NM_000359.2(TGM1):c.1631A>G(Y544C) is a missense variant classified as likely pathogenic in the context of TGM1-related autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis. Y544C has been observed in cases with relevant disease (PMID: 18948357, 31642606, 30302839, Abad_2013_(thesis)). Relevant functional assessments of this variant are not available in the literature. Internal structural analysis of the variant is supportive of pathogenicity. Y544C has been observed in referenced population frequency databases. In summary, NM_000359.2(TGM1):c.1631A>G(Y544C) is a missense variant that has internal structural support for pathogenicity and has been observed more frequently in cases with the relevant disease than in healthy populations. Please note: this variant was assessed in the context of healthy population screening.

Feb 12, 2024

Baylor Genetics

Significance:Likely pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Dec 23, 2016

Counsyl

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:clinical testing

This submission and the accompanying classification are no longer maintained by the submitter. For more information on current observations and classification, please contact variantquestions@myriad.com.

not provided

Pathogenic:1

Nov 03, 2024

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This sequence change replaces tyrosine, which is neutral and polar, with cysteine, which is neutral and slightly polar, at codon 544 of the TGM1 protein (p.Tyr544Cys). This variant is present in population databases (no rsID available, gnomAD 0.01%). This missense change has been observed in individual(s) with clinical features of congenital ichthyosis (PMID: 18948357, 30302839; internal data). In at least one individual the data is consistent with being in trans (on the opposite chromosome) from a pathogenic variant. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 550231). Invitae Evidence Modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) indicates that this missense variant is expected to disrupt TGM1 protein function with a positive predictive value of 95%. Algorithms developed to predict the effect of sequence changes on RNA splicing suggest that this variant may create or strengthen a splice site. For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic.

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.9

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Pathogenic

0.93

BayesDel_addAF

Pathogenic

0.39

BayesDel_noAF

Pathogenic

0.57

CADD

Pathogenic

(source)

DANN

Uncertain

1.0

DEOGEN2

Pathogenic

0.93

Eigen

Pathogenic

0.88

Eigen_PC

Pathogenic

0.80

FATHMM_MKL

Pathogenic

0.99

M_CAP

Pathogenic

0.46

MetaRNN

Pathogenic

0.99

MetaSVM

Pathogenic

1.1

MutationAssessor

Pathogenic

4.3

PhyloP100

8.0

PrimateAI

Uncertain

0.70

PROVEAN

Pathogenic

-9.0

REVEL

Pathogenic

0.98

Sift

Pathogenic

0.0

Sift4G

Pathogenic

0.0

Polyphen

1.0

Vest4

0.95

MutPred

0.93

Loss of phosphorylation at Y544 (P = 0.0686)

MVP

1.0

MPC

1.0

ClinPred

1.0

GERP RS

5.4

PromoterAI

0.019

Neutral

(source)

Varity_R

0.79

gMVP

0.92

Mutation Taster

=5/95

disease causing

(source)

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.98

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

DS_DG_spliceai

0.98

Position offset: 1

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

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Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Variant Effect in Transcripts

RefSeq Transcripts

Ensembl Transcripts

Frequencies

Age Distribution

Age Distribution

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over