NM_000372.5:c.1064C>A

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely pathogenic. The variant received 7 ACMG points: 7P and 0B. PM1PM5PP2PP3_Moderate

The NM_000372.5(TYR):c.1064C>A(p.Ala355Glu) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000496 in 1,612,780 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. No clinical diagnostic laboratories have submitted clinical-significance assessments for this variant to ClinVar. Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. A355P) has been classified as Likely pathogenic.

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.0000066 ( 0 hom., cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000048 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

TYR
NM_000372.5 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Not reported in ClinVar

Conservation

PhyloP100: 7.26

Publications

5 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

TYR (HGNC:12442): (tyrosinase) The enzyme encoded by this gene catalyzes the first 2 steps, and at least 1 subsequent step, in the conversion of tyrosine to melanin. The enzyme has both tyrosine hydroxylase and dopa oxidase catalytic activities, and requires copper for function. Mutations in this gene result in oculocutaneous albinism, and nonpathologic polymorphisms result in skin pigmentation variation. The human genome contains a pseudogene similar to the 3' half of this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2008]

TYR Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

oculocutaneous albinism type 1
Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: ClinGen
oculocutaneous albinism type 1A
Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: G2P, Orphanet, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Laboratory for Molecular Medicine
Waardenburg syndrome type 2
Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
minimal pigment oculocutaneous albinism type 1
Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
oculocutaneous albinism type 1B
Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
temperature-sensitive oculocutaneous albinism type 1
Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet

TYR links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Likely_pathogenic. The variant received 7 ACMG points.

PM1

In a hotspot region, there are 3 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 0 benign, 9 uncertain in NM_000372.5

PM5

Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chr11-89227849-G-C is described in ClinVar as Conflicting_classifications_of_pathogenicity. ClinVar VariationId is 99528.

PP2

Missense variant in the gene, where a lot of missense mutations are associated with disease in ClinVar. The gene has 116 curated pathogenic missense variants (we use a threshold of 10). The gene has 3 curated benign missense variants. Gene score misZ: -1.9514 (below the threshold of 3.09). Trascript score misZ: -0.85521 (below the threshold of 3.09). GenCC associations: The gene is linked to Waardenburg syndrome type 2, oculocutaneous albinism type 1A, oculocutaneous albinism type 1, oculocutaneous albinism type 1B, minimal pigment oculocutaneous albinism type 1, temperature-sensitive oculocutaneous albinism type 1.

PP3

MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.913

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
TYR	NM_000372.5 link	c.1064C>A	p.Ala355Glu	missense_variant	Exon 3 of 5	ENST00000263321.6	NP_000363.1	P14679-1L8B082
TYR	XM_011542970.3 link	c.1064C>A	p.Ala355Glu	missense_variant	Exon 3 of 6		XP_011541272.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
TYR	ENST00000263321.6 link	c.1064C>A	p.Ala355Glu	missense_variant	Exon 3 of 5	1	NM_000372.5	ENSP00000263321.4		P14679-1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.00000659

AC:

AN:

151800

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.0000147

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.00000479

AC:

AN:

1460980

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.00000138

AC XY:

AN XY:

726826

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

33448

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

44634

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

26114

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

39650

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

86244

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

53142

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5768

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.00000630

AC:

AN:

1111604

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

60376

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.461

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.00000659

AC:

AN:

151800

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000135

AC XY:

AN XY:

74100

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

41306

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

15214

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

3470

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5178

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

4808

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

10540

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

316

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.0000147

AC:

AN:

67970

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

2086

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.575

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

EpiCase

AF:

0.0000546

EpiControl

AF:

0.00

ClinVar

Not reported in ClinVar

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Uncertain

0.56

BayesDel_addAF

Pathogenic

0.48

BayesDel_noAF

Pathogenic

0.45

CADD

Uncertain

(source)

DANN

Uncertain

0.99

DEOGEN2

Pathogenic

0.80

Eigen

Uncertain

0.64

Eigen_PC

Uncertain

0.64

FATHMM_MKL

Pathogenic

0.98

LIST_S2

Uncertain

0.88

M_CAP

Uncertain

0.28

MetaRNN

Pathogenic

0.91

MetaSVM

Pathogenic

1.1

MutationAssessor

Uncertain

2.0

PhyloP100

7.3

PrimateAI

Uncertain

0.53

PROVEAN

Benign

-1.6

REVEL

Pathogenic

0.84

Sift

Benign

0.13

Sift4G

Benign

0.25

Polyphen

0.97

Vest4

0.70

MutPred

0.79

Gain of disorder (P = 0.0769);

MVP

1.0

MPC

0.065

ClinPred

0.96

GERP RS

5.1

Varity_R

0.31

gMVP

0.88

Mutation Taster

=22/78

disease causing

(source)

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

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Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

Age Distribution

ClinVar

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over