NM_000372.5:c.1199G>T

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. The variant received 17 ACMG points: 17P and 0B. PM1PM5PP2PP3_StrongPP5_Very_Strong

The NM_000372.5(TYR):c.1199G>T(p.Trp400Leu) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000807 in 1,611,442 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely pathogenic (★★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. W400R) has been classified as Likely pathogenic.

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.000020 ( 0 hom., cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000069 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

TYR
NM_000372.5 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:9O:1

Conservation

PhyloP100: 9.40

Publications

15 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

TYR (HGNC:12442): (tyrosinase) The enzyme encoded by this gene catalyzes the first 2 steps, and at least 1 subsequent step, in the conversion of tyrosine to melanin. The enzyme has both tyrosine hydroxylase and dopa oxidase catalytic activities, and requires copper for function. Mutations in this gene result in oculocutaneous albinism, and nonpathologic polymorphisms result in skin pigmentation variation. The human genome contains a pseudogene similar to the 3' half of this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2008]

TYR Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

oculocutaneous albinism type 1
Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: ClinGen
oculocutaneous albinism type 1A
Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: G2P, Orphanet, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Laboratory for Molecular Medicine
Waardenburg syndrome type 2
Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
minimal pigment oculocutaneous albinism type 1
Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
oculocutaneous albinism type 1B
Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
temperature-sensitive oculocutaneous albinism type 1
Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet

TYR links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Pathogenic. The variant received 17 ACMG points.

PM1

In a hotspot region, there are 5 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 1 benign, 8 uncertain in NM_000372.5

PM5

Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chr11-89284786-T-C is described in ClinVar as Likely_pathogenic. ClinVar VariationId is 3769580.Status of the report is no_assertion_criteria_provided, 0 stars.

PP2

Missense variant in the gene, where a lot of missense mutations are associated with disease in ClinVar. The gene has 116 curated pathogenic missense variants (we use a threshold of 10). The gene has 3 curated benign missense variants. Gene score misZ: -1.9514 (below the threshold of 3.09). Trascript score misZ: -0.85521 (below the threshold of 3.09). GenCC associations: The gene is linked to Waardenburg syndrome type 2, oculocutaneous albinism type 1A, oculocutaneous albinism type 1, oculocutaneous albinism type 1B, minimal pigment oculocutaneous albinism type 1, temperature-sensitive oculocutaneous albinism type 1.

PP3

MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.992

PP5

Variant 11-89284787-G-T is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr11-89284787-G-T is described in ClinVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. ClinVar VariationId is 99541.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
TYR	NM_000372.5 link	c.1199G>T	p.Trp400Leu	missense_variant	Exon 4 of 5	ENST00000263321.6	NP_000363.1
TYR	XM_011542970.3 link	c.1199G>T	p.Trp400Leu	missense_variant	Exon 4 of 6		XP_011541272.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
TYR	ENST00000263321.6 link	c.1199G>T	p.Trp400Leu	missense_variant	Exon 4 of 5	1	NM_000372.5	ENSP00000263321.4
TYR	ENST00000528243.1 link	n.197G>T		non_coding_transcript_exon_variant	Exon 2 of 3	5

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.0000198

AC:

AN:

151760

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.000583

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD2 exomes

AF:

0.0000360

AC:

AN:

250296

AF XY:

0.0000148

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.000490

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.00000685

AC:

AN:

1459682

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.00000138

AC XY:

AN XY:

726202

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

33356

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

44560

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

26040

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.000202

AC:

AN:

39658

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

86212

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

53370

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5746

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

9.00e-7

AC:

AN:

1110506

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.0000166

AC:

AN:

60234

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.480

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.0000198

AC:

AN:

151760

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000405

AC XY:

AN XY:

74106

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

41354

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

15204

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

3462

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.000583

AC:

AN:

5144

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

4820

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

10590

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

316

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

67876

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

2082

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.508

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Genome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

Alfa

AF:

0.00

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.0000264

ExAC

AF:

0.0000247

AC:

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:9Other:1

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

not provided

Pathogenic:2Other:1

Retina International

Significance:not provided

Review Status:no classification provided

Collection Method:literature only

- -

Oct 19, 2020

GeneDx

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

In silico analysis, which includes protein predictors and evolutionary conservation, supports a deleterious effect; This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 31199599, 19865097, 26165494, 31196117, 29658579, 22875490, 29437493, 20447099, 31229681, 25577957, 31077556, 10571953, 16570240, 22097729, 15591842, 30868138) -

Nov 18, 2024

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This sequence change replaces tryptophan, which is neutral and slightly polar, with leucine, which is neutral and non-polar, at codon 400 of the TYR protein (p.Trp400Leu). This variant is present in population databases (rs62645916, gnomAD 0.05%). This missense change has been observed in individuals with non-syndromic ocular albinism (PMID: 31077556). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 99541). Invitae Evidence Modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) indicates that this missense variant is expected to disrupt TYR protein function with a positive predictive value of 95%. For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. -

Oculocutaneous albinism type 1A

Pathogenic:2

Jul 22, 2021

Genome-Nilou Lab

Significance:Likely pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Mar 31, 2016

Genetic Services Laboratory, University of Chicago

Significance:Likely pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Oculocutaneous albinism type 1B;C2677190:SKIN/HAIR/EYE PIGMENTATION 3, LIGHT/DARK SKIN;C4551504:Oculocutaneous albinism type 1A

Pathogenic:1

Jan 22, 2024

Fulgent Genetics, Fulgent Genetics

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Oculocutaneous albinism type 1B;C2677190:SKIN/HAIR/EYE PIGMENTATION 3, LIGHT/DARK SKIN;C4551504:Oculocutaneous albinism type 1A;CN028925:Ocular albinism with congenital sensorineural hearing loss

Pathogenic:1

Oct 31, 2018

Fulgent Genetics, Fulgent Genetics

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

TYR-related disorder

Pathogenic:1

Jul 30, 2024

PreventionGenetics, part of Exact Sciences

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:clinical testing

The TYR c.1199G>T variant is predicted to result in the amino acid substitution p.Trp400Leu. This variant has been reported as causative for autosomal recessive oculocutaneous albinism (Tsai et al. 1999. PubMed ID: 10571953; Liu et al. 2010. PubMed ID: 20447099; Wei et al. 2010. PubMed ID: 19865097; Zhong et al. 2019. PubMed ID: 31077556). This variant is reported in 0.050% of alleles in individuals of East Asian descent in gnomAD. Given the evidence, we interpret this variant as pathogenic. -

SKIN/HAIR/EYE PIGMENTATION 3, LIGHT/DARK SKIN

Pathogenic:1

Mar 27, 2024

Baylor Genetics

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Oculocutaneous albinism type 1B;C4551504:Oculocutaneous albinism type 1A

Pathogenic:1

Juno Genomics, Hangzhou Juno Genomics, Inc

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

PM3_VeryStrong+PP4+PM2_Supporting+PP3_Strong -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Pathogenic

0.96

BayesDel_addAF

Pathogenic

0.32

BayesDel_noAF

Pathogenic

0.57

CADD

Pathogenic

(source)

DANN

Uncertain

0.99

DEOGEN2

Pathogenic

0.99

Eigen

Pathogenic

0.97

Eigen_PC

Pathogenic

0.86

FATHMM_MKL

Pathogenic

0.99

LIST_S2

Pathogenic

0.98

M_CAP

Pathogenic

0.84

MetaRNN

Pathogenic

0.99

MetaSVM

Pathogenic

0.93

MutationAssessor

Pathogenic

4.4

PhyloP100

9.4

PrimateAI

Uncertain

0.72

PROVEAN

Pathogenic

-9.6

REVEL

Pathogenic

0.98

Sift

Pathogenic

0.0

Sift4G

Pathogenic

0.0

Polyphen

1.0

Vest4

0.87

MutPred

0.94

Loss of catalytic residue at W400 (P = 0.0423);

MVP

0.99

MPC

0.044

ClinPred

1.0

GERP RS

4.7

Varity_R

0.98

gMVP

0.97

Mutation Taster

=3/97

disease causing (ClinVar)

(source)

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

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Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

Age Distribution

Age Distribution

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over