NM_000372.5:c.1467dupT

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 10 ACMG points: 10P and 0B. PVS1_ModeratePP5_Very_Strong

The NM_000372.5(TYR):c.1467dupT(p.Ala490CysfsTer20) variant causes a frameshift change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000138 in 152,208 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely pathogenic (★★).

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.00014 ( 0 hom., cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.00024 ( 0 hom. )

Failed GnomAD Quality Control

Consequence

TYR
NM_000372.5 frameshift

Scores

Not classified

Clinical Significance

Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:16O:1

Conservation

PhyloP100: -1.18

Variant links:

Genes affected

TYR (HGNC:12442): (tyrosinase) The enzyme encoded by this gene catalyzes the first 2 steps, and at least 1 subsequent step, in the conversion of tyrosine to melanin. The enzyme has both tyrosine hydroxylase and dopa oxidase catalytic activities, and requires copper for function. Mutations in this gene result in oculocutaneous albinism, and nonpathologic polymorphisms result in skin pigmentation variation. The human genome contains a pseudogene similar to the 3' half of this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2008]

TYR links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification made for transcript

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 10 ACMG points.

PVS1

Loss of function variant, product does not undergo nonsense mediated mRNA decay. Variant is located in the 3'-most exon, not predicted to undergo nonsense mediated mRNA decay. Fraction of 0.0767 CDS is truncated, and there are 3 pathogenic variants in the truncated region.

PP5

Variant 11-89295242-C-CT is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr11-89295242-C-CT is described in ClinVar as [Likely_pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 3803.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
TYR	NM_000372.5 link	c.1467dupT	p.Ala490CysfsTer20	frameshift_variant	Exon 5 of 5	ENST00000263321.6	NP_000363.1	P14679-1L8B082
TYR	XM_011542970.3 link	c.*145dupT		3_prime_UTR_variant	Exon 6 of 6		XP_011541272.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
TYR	ENST00000263321.6 link	c.1467dupT	p.Ala490CysfsTer20	frameshift_variant	Exon 5 of 5	1	NM_000372.5	ENSP00000263321.4		P14679-1
TYR	ENST00000528243.1 link	n.465dupT		non_coding_transcript_exon_variant	Exon 3 of 3	5

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.000138

AC:

AN:

152208

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.000121

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.000235

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD3 exomes

AF:

0.000179

AC:

AN:

251060

Hom.:

AF XY:

0.000147

AC XY:

AN XY:

135728

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.000185

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.000520

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.000203

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.000163

GnomAD4 exome

Data not reliable, filtered out with message: AS_VQSR

AF:

0.000240

AC:

351

AN:

1461666

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.000220

AC XY:

160

AN XY:

727146

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR exome

AF:

0.0000896

Gnomad4 AMR exome

AF:

0.000358

Gnomad4 ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome

AF:

0.000289

Gnomad4 OTH exome

AF:

0.000182

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.000138

AC:

AN:

152208

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.000161

AC XY:

AN XY:

74368

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR

AF:

0.000121

Gnomad4 AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE

AF:

0.000235

Gnomad4 OTH

AF:

0.00

Alfa

AF:

0.000174

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.000298

EpiCase

AF:

0.000218

EpiControl

AF:

0.000237

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:16Other:1

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

not provided

Pathogenic:6Other:1

Clinical Genetics DNA and cytogenetics Diagnostics Lab, Erasmus MC, Erasmus Medical Center

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Nov 02, 2022

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This sequence change creates a premature translational stop signal (p.Ala490Cysfs*20) in the TYR gene. While this is not anticipated to result in nonsense mediated decay, it is expected to disrupt the last 40 amino acid(s) of the TYR protein. This variant is present in population databases (rs543973275, gnomAD 0.05%). This premature translational stop signal has been observed in individuals with oculocutaneous albinism (PMID: 1642278, 1711223, 13680365, 18463683). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 3803). For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. -

Feb 11, 2022

Revvity Omics, Revvity

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Jul 19, 2016

Eurofins Ntd Llc (ga)

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The c.1467dupT pathogenic variant has been reported in individuals with oculocutaneous albinism1-3 and is of a type expected to cause disease.[1-3] 1. Chintamaneni et al., Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Jun 15;88(12):5272-6. 2. King et al., Hum Genet. 2003 Nov;113(6):502-13. 3. Grønskov et al., Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2009 Mar;50(3):1058-64. -

Aug 02, 2023

GeneDx

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

Frameshift variant in the C-terminus predicted to result in protein truncation, as the last 40 amino acids are lost and replaced with 19 incorrect amino acids in published literature (Chintamaneni et al., 1991); Published functional studies demonstrate c.1467dupT impairs the C-terminus of the protein and reduces enzyme activity (Chintamaneni et al., 1991); This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 13680365, 1711223, 28667292, 19060277, 1642278, 28451379, 18821858, 18463683, 1409426, 15146472, 34426522, 26689913, 28976636, 18326704) -

Retina International

Significance: not provided

Review Status: no classification provided

Collection Method: literature only

- -

Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Center

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Oculocutaneous albinism type 1A

Pathogenic:4

Mar 31, 2017

Genetic Services Laboratory, University of Chicago

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Jan 10, 2022

MGZ Medical Genetics Center

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Jul 22, 2021

Genome-Nilou Lab

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Jul 15, 1992

OMIM

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: literature only

- -

Oculocutaneous albinism type 1B

Pathogenic:2

May 17, 2023

Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

Identified as compund heterozygous with NM_000372.5:c.1205G>A. Criteria applied: PM3_VSTR,PVS1_MOD -

Feb 17, 2023

Equipe Genetique des Anomalies du Developpement, Université de Bourgogne

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This variant was observed in compound heterozygosity with c.[575C>A;1205G>A] variants (hypomorphic allele) -

Oculocutaneous albinism

Pathogenic:1

Sep 10, 2024

Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

Variant summary: TYR c.1467dupT (p.Ala490CysfsX20) results in a premature termination codon, predicted to cause a truncation of the encoded protein or absence of the protein due to nonsense mediated decay, which are commonly known mechanisms for disease. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00018 in 251060 control chromosomes. This frequency is not significantly higher than estimated for a pathogenic variant in TYR causing Oculocutaneous Albinism, allowing no conclusion about variant significance. c.1467dupT has been reported in the literature in multiple compound heterozygous individuals affected with Oculocutaneous Albinism (e.g. King_2003, Gao_2017). These data indicate that the variant is very likely to be associated with disease. The following publications have been ascertained in the context of this evaluation (PMID: 28451379, 13680365). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 3803). Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as pathogenic. -

Oculocutaneous albinism type 1B;C2677190:SKIN/HAIR/EYE PIGMENTATION 3, LIGHT/DARK SKIN;C4551504:Oculocutaneous albinism type 1A

Pathogenic:1

Mar 27, 2024

Fulgent Genetics, Fulgent Genetics

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

TYR-related disorder

Pathogenic:1

Jul 26, 2024

PreventionGenetics, part of Exact Sciences

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: clinical testing

The TYR c.1467dupT variant is predicted to result in a frameshift and premature protein termination (p.Ala490Cysfs*20). This variant has been reported in the compound heterozygous state in individuals with oculocutaneous albinism (King et al. 2003. PubMed ID: 13680365; Norman et al. 2017. PubMed ID: 28667292; Marti et al. 2018. PubMed ID: 28976636). This variant is reported in 0.051% of alleles in individuals of Latino descent in gnomAD. Frameshift variants in TYR are expected to be pathogenic, and this variant has been classified as pathogenic by multiple independent submitters to the ClinVar database (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/3803). Given the evidence, we interpret this variant as pathogenic. -

SKIN/HAIR/EYE PIGMENTATION 3, LIGHT/DARK SKIN

Pathogenic:1

Mar 16, 2024

Baylor Genetics

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Below is the list of publications found by LitVar. It may be empty.

Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over