NM_000430.4:c.162dupA

Variant names:

• chr17-2666052-G-GA
• rs113994198
• NM_000430.4:c.162dupA

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. The variant received 16 ACMG points: 16P and 0B. PVS1 PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_000430.4(PAFAH1B1):​c.162dupA​(p.Trp55MetfsTer6) variant causes a frameshift change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000271 in 1,363,988 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. There is a variant allele frequency bias in the population database for this variant (GnomAdExome4), which may indicate mosaicism or somatic mutations in the reference population data. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (★★). Variant results in nonsense mediated mRNA decay.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.000027 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: PAFAH1B1 NM_000430.4 frameshift
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:8
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 8.79
• Publications: 5 publications found

Genes affected

PAFAH1B1 (HGNC:8574): (platelet activating factor acetylhydrolase 1b regulatory subunit 1) This locus was identified as encoding a gene that when mutated or lost caused the lissencephaly associated with Miller-Dieker lissencephaly syndrome. This gene encodes the non-catalytic alpha subunit of the intracellular Ib isoform of platelet-activating factor acteylhydrolase, a heterotrimeric enzyme that specifically catalyzes the removal of the acetyl group at the SN-2 position of platelet-activating factor (identified as 1-O-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glyceryl-3-phosphorylcholine). Two other isoforms of intracellular platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase exist: one composed of multiple subunits, the other, a single subunit. In addition, a single-subunit isoform of this enzyme is found in serum. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2009]

PAFAH1B1 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• lissencephaly due to LIS1 mutation

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: PanelApp Australia, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), G2P

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Pathogenic. The variant received 16 ACMG points.

• PVS1: Loss of function variant, product undergoes nonsense mediated mRNA decay. LoF is a known mechanism of disease.
• PP5: Variant 17-2666052-G-GA is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr17-2666052-G-GA is described in ClinVar as Pathogenic. ClinVar VariationId is 21181.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
PAFAH1B1	NM_000430.4	c.162dupA	p.Trp55MetfsTer6	frameshift_variant	Exon 4 of 11	ENST00000397195.10	NP_000421.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
PAFAH1B1	ENST00000397195.10	c.162dupA	p.Trp55MetfsTer6	frameshift_variant	Exon 4 of 11	1	NM_000430.4	ENSP00000380378.4

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD2 exomes AF: 0.0000958 AC: 20 AN: 208810 AF XY: 0.000141

Gnomad AFR exome AF: 0.0000795

Gnomad AMR exome AF: 0.0000677

Gnomad ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS exome AF: 0.000125

Gnomad FIN exome AF: 0.000101

Gnomad NFE exome AF: 0.000120

Gnomad OTH exome AF: 0.000191

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.0000271 AC: 37 AN: 1363988 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 29 AF XY: 0.0000325 AC XY: 22 AN XY: 676084

⚠️ The allele balance in gnomAD version 4 Exomes is significantly skewed from the expected value of 0.5.

African (AFR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 31212

American (AMR) AF: 0.0000503 AC: 2 AN: 39776

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.0000415 AC: 1 AN: 24100

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.0000264 AC: 1 AN: 37826

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.0000125 AC: 1 AN: 79808

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.000102 AC: 5 AN: 48782

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 4152

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 0.0000249 AC: 26 AN: 1042432

Other (OTH) AF: 0.0000179 AC: 1 AN: 55900

⚠️ The allele balance in gnomAD4 Exomes is highly skewed from 0.5 (p-value = 0), which strongly suggests a high chance of mosaicism in these individuals.

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:8

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Lissencephaly due to LIS1 mutation Pathogenic:4

Feb 08, 2013

Genetic Services Laboratory, University of Chicago

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Jun 29, 2015

Center of Genomic medicine, Geneva, University Hospital of Geneva

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Sep 27, 2018

Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This variant was identified as de novo -

Apr 04, 2024

Genomic Medicine Center of Excellence, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

not provided Pathogenic:2

Sep 03, 2023

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 21181). This variant is also known as LIS1 c.162insA. This premature translational stop signal has been observed in individual(s) with lissencephaly (PMID: 9817918). The frequency data for this variant in the population databases is considered unreliable, as metrics indicate poor data quality at this position in the gnomAD database. This sequence change creates a premature translational stop signal (p.Trp55Metfs*6) in the PAFAH1B1 gene. It is expected to result in an absent or disrupted protein product. Loss-of-function variants in PAFAH1B1 are known to be pathogenic (PMID: 1671808, 11115846, 14581661). -

Apr 10, 2018

GeneDx

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The c.162dupA pathogenic variant in the PAFAH1B1 gene has been reported previously as a de novo variant in an individual with isolated lissencephaly sequence (Pilz et al., 1998). The duplication causes a frameshift starting with codon Tryptophan 55, changes this amino acid to a Methionine residue and creates a premature Stop codon at position 6 of the new reading frame, denoted p.Trp55MetfsX6. This pathogenic variant is predicted to cause loss of normal protein function either through protein truncation or nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. Additionally, it was not observed in approximately 6,300 individuals of European and African American ancestry in the NHLBI Exome Sequencing Project, indicating it is not a common benign variant in these populations. -

not specified Pathogenic:1

Aug 08, 2022

Mendelics

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Intellectual disability Pathogenic:1

Aug 03, 2020

Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The variant c.162dup, p.(Trp55Metfs*6) was identified in an individual with neurodevelopmental disorder (NDD) and classified as Pathogenic according to ACMG guidelines. Inheritance for this variant was mosaic (17% allele frequency).The variant likely explains the NDD in this individual. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
PhyloP100		8.8
Mutation Taster		=0/200	disease causing (ClinVar)

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.010		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs113994198; hg19: chr17-2569346; COSMIC: COSV68210096; COSMIC: COSV68210096;