NM_000441.2:c.1225C>T

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. The variant received 17 ACMG points: 17P and 0B. PM1PM5PP2PP3_StrongPP5_Very_Strong

The NM_000441.2(SLC26A4):c.1225C>T(p.Arg409Cys) variant causes a missense change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000093 in 1,612,506 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. 13/22 in silico tools predict a damaging outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely pathogenic (★★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. R409P) has been classified as Likely pathogenic.

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.0000066 ( 0 hom., cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000096 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

SLC26A4
NM_000441.2 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:9

Conservation

PhyloP100: 5.17

Publications

19 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

SLC26A4 (HGNC:8818): (solute carrier family 26 member 4) Mutations in this gene are associated with Pendred syndrome, the most common form of syndromic deafness, an autosomal-recessive disease. It is highly homologous to the SLC26A3 gene; they have similar genomic structures and this gene is located 3' of the SLC26A3 gene. The encoded protein has homology to sulfate transporters. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

SLC26A4 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 4
Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: Ambry Genetics, PanelApp Australia, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
Pendred syndrome
Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Ambry Genetics, Orphanet, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), ClinGen
athyreosis
Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
thyroid hypoplasia
Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
hearing loss, autosomal recessive
Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet

SLC26A4 links:

ENSG00000300331 (HGNC:):

ENSG00000300331 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Pathogenic. The variant received 17 ACMG points.

PM1

In a hotspot region, there are 16 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 0 benign, 9 uncertain in NM_000441.2

PM5

Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chr7-107690200-G-C is described in ClinVar as Likely_pathogenic. ClinVar VariationId is 43497.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.

PP2

Missense variant in the gene, where a lot of missense mutations are associated with disease in ClinVar. The gene has 167 curated pathogenic missense variants (we use a threshold of 10). The gene has 19 curated benign missense variants. Trascript score misZ: -1.7621 (below the threshold of 3.09). GenCC associations: The gene is linked to autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 4, Pendred syndrome, athyreosis, thyroid hypoplasia, hearing loss, autosomal recessive.

PP3

MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.964

PP5

Variant 7-107690199-C-T is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr7-107690199-C-T is described in ClinVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. ClinVar VariationId is 371421.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
SLC26A4	NM_000441.2 link	c.1225C>T	p.Arg409Cys	missense_variant	Exon 10 of 21	ENST00000644269.2	NP_000432.1	O43511-1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
SLC26A4	ENST00000644269.2 link	c.1225C>T	p.Arg409Cys	missense_variant	Exon 10 of 21		NM_000441.2	ENSP00000494017.1		O43511-1
ENSG00000300331	ENST00000771044.1 link	n.208G>A		non_coding_transcript_exon_variant	Exon 2 of 2

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.00000657

AC:

AN:

152128

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.0000241

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD2 exomes

AF:

0.0000159

AC:

AN:

250866

AF XY:

0.00000738

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.0000615

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.0000544

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.00000883

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.00000959

AC:

AN:

1460260

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000110

AC XY:

AN XY:

726534

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.0000598

AC:

AN:

33426

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

44706

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

26100

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.0000252

AC:

AN:

39686

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.0000232

AC:

AN:

86230

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

53414

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5756

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.00000810

AC:

AN:

1110608

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

60334

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.418

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.00000657

AC:

AN:

152246

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.00

AC XY:

AN XY:

74446

show subpopulations

⚠️ The allele balance in gnomAD version 4 Genomes is significantly skewed from the expected value of 0.5.

African (AFR)

AF:

0.0000241

AC:

AN:

41558

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

15270

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

3472

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5184

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

4822

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

10618

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

294

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

68006

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

2110

⚠️ The allele balance in gnomAD version 4 Genomes is significantly skewed from the expected value of 0.5. (p-value = 0), which strongly suggests a high chance of mosaicism in these individuals.

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.325

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Alfa

AF:

0.00000963

Hom.:

ExAC

AF:

0.0000247

AC:

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:9

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Pendred syndrome

Pathogenic:3

Sep 22, 2016

Counsyl

Significance:Likely pathogenic

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:clinical testing

This submission and the accompanying classification are no longer maintained by the submitter. For more information on current observations and classification, please contact variantquestions@myriad.com. -

Sep 05, 2021

Genome-Nilou Lab

Significance:Likely pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Jul 16, 2021

Natera, Inc.

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 4

Pathogenic:3

Aug 08, 2023

Baylor Genetics

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Sep 05, 2021

Genome-Nilou Lab

Significance:Likely pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Feb 26, 2019

Genetic Testing Center for Deafness, Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital

Significance:Likely pathogenic

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:case-control

- -

not provided

Pathogenic:2

May 09, 2024

GeneDx

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Published functional studies demonstrate reduced membrane expression and decreased transport activity of the proteins (PMID: 23185506); Not observed at significant frequency in large population cohorts (gnomAD); A different missense change at this residue (p.(R409H)) has been reported as pathogenic in the published literature (PMID: 16053392, 21961810, 24224479); In silico analysis supports that this missense variant has a deleterious effect on protein structure/function; This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 19648736, 23918157, 27771369, 34680964, 23185506, 18167283, 26100058, 28941661, 31035178, 27247933, 29605365, 31387071, 31541171, 32425884, 31589614, 32645618, 38184688, 38474007, 28786104, 21961810, 16053392, 24224479) -

Nov 13, 2023

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This sequence change replaces arginine, which is basic and polar, with cysteine, which is neutral and slightly polar, at codon 409 of the SLC26A4 protein (p.Arg409Cys). This variant is present in population databases (rs147952620, gnomAD 0.007%). This missense change has been observed in individuals with non-syndromic enlargement of vestibular aqueduct and hearing loss (PMID: 18167283, 23185506, 25372295). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 371421). Advanced modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) performed at Invitae indicates that this missense variant is expected to disrupt SLC26A4 protein function with a positive predictive value of 95%. Experimental studies have shown that this missense change affects SLC26A4 function (PMID: 23185506). This variant disrupts the p.Arg408 amino acid residue in SLC26A4. Other variant(s) that disrupt this residue have been determined to be pathogenic (PMID: 9618166, 19786220, 24224479). This suggests that this residue is clinically significant, and that variants that disrupt this residue are likely to be disease-causing. For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. -

Pendred syndrome;C3538946:Autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 4

Pathogenic:1

Jun 16, 2024

Fulgent Genetics, Fulgent Genetics

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Pathogenic

0.89

BayesDel_addAF

Pathogenic

0.41

BayesDel_noAF

Pathogenic

0.54

CADD

Pathogenic

(source)

DANN

Pathogenic

1.0

DEOGEN2

Pathogenic

0.90

D;D

Eigen

Pathogenic

0.84

Eigen_PC

Pathogenic

0.75

FATHMM_MKL

Uncertain

0.87

LIST_S2

Pathogenic

0.99

.;D

M_CAP

Pathogenic

0.55

MetaRNN

Pathogenic

0.96

D;D

MetaSVM

Pathogenic

1.1

MutationAssessor

Pathogenic

3.6

H;H

PhyloP100

5.2

PrimateAI

Pathogenic

0.82

PROVEAN

Pathogenic

-7.7

D;.

REVEL

Pathogenic

0.94

Sift

Pathogenic

0.0

D;.

Sift4G

Pathogenic

0.0

D;.

Polyphen

1.0

D;D

Vest4

0.99

MVP

1.0

MPC

0.075

ClinPred

1.0

GERP RS

5.1

Varity_R

0.91

gMVP

0.95

Mutation Taster

=10/90

disease causing (ClinVar)

(source)

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

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Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

Age Distribution

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over