NM_000455.5:c.1225C>T

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Benign. The variant received -10 ACMG points: 0P and 10B. BP4BP6BS1BS2

The NM_000455.5(STK11):c.1225C>T(p.Arg409Trp) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000428 in 1,588,088 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 16/22 in silico tools predict a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity (no stars). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. R409L) has been classified as Likely benign.

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.000085 ( 0 hom., cov: 33)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.000038 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

STK11
NM_000455.5 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity criteria provided, conflicting classifications U:12B:7

Conservation

PhyloP100: 0.172

Publications

14 publications found

Variant links:

COSMIC-nc: COSV53068501

Genes affected

STK11 (HGNC:11389): (serine/threonine kinase 11) The protein encoded by this gene is a serine/threonine kinase that regulates cell polarity and energy metabolism and functions as a tumor suppressor. Mutations in this gene have been associated with the autosomal dominant Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, as well as with skin, pancreatic, and testicular cancers. [provided by RefSeq, May 2022]

STK11 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

familial pancreatic carcinoma
Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: G2P
Peutz-Jeghers syndrome
Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), ClinGen, Orphanet, Genomics England PanelApp, G2P
familial ovarian cancer
Inheritance: AD Classification: NO_KNOWN Submitted by: ClinGen

STK11 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Benign. The variant received -10 ACMG points.

BP4

Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.33304822).

BP6

Variant 19-1226570-C-T is Benign according to our data. Variant chr19-1226570-C-T is described in ClinVar as Conflicting_classifications_of_pathogenicity. ClinVar VariationId is 135917.

BS1

Variant frequency is greater than expected in population afr. GnomAd4 allele frequency = 0.0000854 (13/152252) while in subpopulation AFR AF = 0.000193 (8/41464). AF 95% confidence interval is 0.0000956. There are 0 homozygotes in GnomAd4. There are 5 alleles in the male GnomAd4 subpopulation. Median coverage is 33. This position passed quality control check.

BS2

High AC in GnomAd4 at 13 AD gene.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
STK11	NM_000455.5 link	c.1225C>T	p.Arg409Trp	missense_variant	Exon 9 of 10	ENST00000326873.12	NP_000446.1	Q15831-1A0A0S2Z4D1
STK11	NR_176325.1 link	n.2492C>T		non_coding_transcript_exon_variant	Exon 10 of 11

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	UniProt
STK11	ENST00000326873.12 link	c.1225C>T	p.Arg409Trp	missense_variant	Exon 9 of 10	1	NM_000455.5	ENSP00000324856.6	Q15831-1
STK11	ENST00000585748.3 link	c.853C>T	p.Arg285Trp	missense_variant	Exon 11 of 12	3		ENSP00000477641.2	A0A087WT72
STK11	ENST00000593219.6 link	n.*1050C>T		non_coding_transcript_exon_variant	Exon 10 of 11	3		ENSP00000466610.1	K7EMR0
STK11	ENST00000593219.6 link	n.*1050C>T		3_prime_UTR_variant	Exon 10 of 11	3		ENSP00000466610.1	K7EMR0

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.0000854

AC:

AN:

152252

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.000193

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.0000735

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD2 exomes

AF:

0.0000872

AC:

AN:

194938

AF XY:

0.0000934

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.000296

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.0000339

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.000108

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.000199

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.0000383

AC:

AN:

1435836

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000379

AC XY:

AN XY:

712116

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.000122

AC:

AN:

32854

American (AMR)

AF:

0.0000242

AC:

AN:

41258

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

25636

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

38114

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.0000605

AC:

AN:

82652

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

49776

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5496

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.0000372

AC:

AN:

1100770

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.0000675

AC:

AN:

59280

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.484

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.0000854

AC:

AN:

152252

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000672

AC XY:

AN XY:

74384

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.000193

AC:

AN:

41464

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

15292

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

3472

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5206

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

4836

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

10628

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

316

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.0000735

AC:

AN:

68036

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

2090

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.533

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Genome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

Alfa

AF:

0.0000225

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.0000907

ESP6500AA

AF:

0.00

AC:

ESP6500EA

AF:

0.000123

AC:

ExAC

AF:

0.0000595

AC:

ClinVar

Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity

Submissions summary: Uncertain:12Benign:7

Revision: criteria provided, conflicting classifications

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome

Uncertain:6Benign:2

Apr 14, 2023

Myriad Genetics, Inc.

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This variant is classified as a variant of uncertain significance as there is insufficient evidence to determine its impact on protein function and/or cancer risk. -

Jan 26, 2025

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Jan 31, 2025

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Sinai Health System

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Dec 09, 2015

Counsyl

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:clinical testing

This submission and the accompanying classification are no longer maintained by the submitter. For more information on current observations and classification, please contact variantquestions@myriad.com. -

Oct 01, 2016

CSER _CC_NCGL, University of Washington

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:research

Found in patient having exome sequencing due to suspicion for hereditary colon cancer and/or polyps. Patient is a 50 year old female diagnosed with colon cancer at age 49. This interpretation considers GERP score and allele frequency data, in addition to published reports of the variant in the literature, available at the time of review. -

Jul 15, 2021

Genome-Nilou Lab

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Jun 28, 2023

Revvity Omics, Revvity

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Jun 23, 2025

Mendelics

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This variant is considered likely benign or benign based on one or more of the following: it is predicted to be benign by multiple in silico algorithms, and/or has population frequency not consistent with disease, and/or has normal protein function, and/or has lack of segregation with disease, and/or has been detected in co-occurrence with known pathogenic variant, and/or has lack of disease association in case-control studies, and/or is located in a region inconsistent with a known cause of pathogenicity. -

not specified

Uncertain:3Benign:1

Mar 29, 2019

Genetic Services Laboratory, University of Chicago

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Mar 04, 2025

Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Mayo Clinic Laboratories, Mayo Clinic

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Apr 18, 2024

Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Variant summary: STK11 c.1225C>T (p.Arg409Trp) results in a non-conservative amino acid change in the encoded protein sequence. Four of five in-silico tools predict a damaging effect of the variant on protein function. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 8.7e-05 in 194938 control chromosomes. The observed variant frequency is approximately 14 fold of the estimated maximal expected allele frequency for a pathogenic variant in STK11 causing Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome phenotype (6.3e-06), strongly suggesting that the variant is benign. c.1225C>T has been reported in the literature as a VUS in individuals with breast cancer (example, Couch_2015, Tung_2014, Goldescu_2018), as an uninformative genotype in a PJS proband who had normal levels of TP53 activity (Jiang_2018), and in unaffected controls in a Japanese population based CRC screening study reporting a final classification as benign (Fujita_2020). These report(s) do not provide unequivocal conclusions about association of the variant with Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome. To our knowledge, no experimental evidence demonstrating an impact on protein function has been reported. The following publications have been ascertained in the context of this evaluation (PMID: 25452441, 25186627, 17676035, 29785153, 33309985, 30092773). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 135917). Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as likely benign. -

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome

Uncertain:1Benign:3

Sep 19, 2024

Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Aug 01, 2018

GeneKor MSA

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

May 04, 2021

Sema4, Sema4

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:curation

- -

May 24, 2022

Ambry Genetics

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This alteration is classified as likely benign based on a combination of the following: seen in unaffected individuals, population frequency, intact protein function, lack of segregation with disease, co-occurrence, RNA analysis, in silico models, amino acid conservation, lack of disease association in case-control studies, and/or the mechanism of disease or impacted region is inconsistent with a known cause of pathogenicity. -

not provided

Uncertain:1Benign:1

Nov 20, 2024

Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute San Juan Capistrano

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

The STK11 c.1225C>T (p.Arg409Trp) variant has been reported in individuals affected with breast cancer (PMID: 30287823 (2018), 29785153 (2018), 25452441 (2015), 25186627 (2015)). This variant has also been identified in a reportedly healthy individual (PMID: 36243179 (2022)). This variant has been shown to have no deleterious effect on TP53 activity, however, more studies are needed to determine the global effect of this variant on STK11 protein function (PMID: 30092773 (2018)). The frequency of this variant in the general population, 0.0003 (3/10150 chromosomes in African/African American subpopulation (Genome Aggregation Database, http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org)), is higher than would generally be expected for pathogenic variants in this gene. Analysis of this variant using bioinformatics tools for the prediction of the effect of amino acid changes on protein structure and function yielded conflicting predictions that this variant is benign or damaging. Based on the available information, we are unable to determine the clinical significance of this variant. -

Jul 23, 2020

GeneDx

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

In silico analysis, which includes protein predictors and evolutionary conservation, supports that this variant does not alter protein structure/function; Reported in one individual with a clinical diagnosis of Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, without a family history of disease, as well as in individuals with breast cancer (Couch 2015, Tung 2015, Goidescu 2018, Jiang 2018); Published functional studies demonstrate no damaging effect: normal P53 activity (Jiang 2018) This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 30287823, 30092773, 31422574, 31159747, 29785153, 25186627, 25925381, 17676035, 25452441) -

Breast carcinoma

Uncertain:1

Mar 09, 2016

Centre for Mendelian Genomics, University Medical Centre Ljubljana

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Benign

0.20

BayesDel_addAF

Benign

-0.31

BayesDel_noAF

Benign

-0.38

CADD

Benign

(source)

DANN

Uncertain

0.99

DEOGEN2

Uncertain

0.56

Eigen

Benign

-0.68

Eigen_PC

Benign

-0.87

FATHMM_MKL

Benign

0.28

LIST_S2

Benign

0.66

M_CAP

Benign

0.022

MetaRNN

Benign

0.33

MetaSVM

Benign

-0.44

MutationAssessor

Benign

1.8

PhyloP100

0.17

PrimateAI

Benign

0.41

PROVEAN

Benign

-1.0

REVEL

Benign

0.24

Sift

Uncertain

0.0040

Sift4G

Uncertain

0.0090

Polyphen

0.99

Vest4

0.47

MVP

0.24

MPC

0.23

ClinPred

0.12

GERP RS

-2.9

RBP_binding_hub_radar

0.0

RBP_regulation_power_radar

1.1

Varity_R

0.16

gMVP

0.33

Mutation Taster

=89/11

polymorphism

(source)

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

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Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

Age Distribution

Age Distribution

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over