NM_000527.5:c.1618G>T

Variant names:

• chr19-11116125-G-T
• rs769370816
• NM_000527.5:c.1618G>T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely pathogenic. The variant received 6 ACMG points: 6P and 0B. PM5 PM2 PP3 PP4

This summary comes from the ClinGen Evidence Repository: The NM_000527.5(LDLR):c.1618G>T (p.Ala540Ser) variant is classified as Likely pathogenic for Familial Hypercholesterolemia by applying evidence codes PM2, PM5, PP3, PP4 as defined by the ClinGen Familial Hypercholesterolemia Expert Panel LDLR-specific variant curation guidelines (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gim.2021.09.012). The supporting evidence is as follows: PM2 - variant was not identified in gnomAD (gnomAD v2.1.1), so met.PM5 - 1 other missense variant in the same codon:- NM_000527.5(LDLR):c.1618G>A (p.Ala540Thr)- 2 stars, Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic- Pathogenic by these guidelinesso PM5 is met.PP3 - REVEL = 0.821. It is above 0.75, so PP3 is met.PP4 - variant meets PM2 and was identified in:- at least 1 index case with definite FH ((in the paper: "All patients were clinically diagnosed with definite heterozygous hypercholesterolemia by cardiologists and internists using a uniform protocol and internationally accepted criteria [Defesche, 2000].") from PMID 16250003 (Fouchier et al., 2005), The Netherlands.so PP4 is met. LINK:https://erepo.genome.network/evrepo/ui/classification/CA10585529/MONDO:0007750/013

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
• Consequence: LDLR NM_000527.5 missense
• Clinical Significance: Likely pathogenic reviewed by expert panel P:2 U:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 7.97
• Publications: 18 publications found

Genes affected

LDLR (HGNC:6547): (low density lipoprotein receptor) The low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) gene family consists of cell surface proteins involved in receptor-mediated endocytosis of specific ligands. The encoded protein is normally bound at the cell membrane, where it binds low density lipoprotein/cholesterol and is taken into the cell. Lysosomes release the cholesterol, which is made available for repression of microsomal enzyme 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG CoA) reductase, the rate-limiting step in cholesterol synthesis. At the same time, a reciprocal stimulation of cholesterol ester synthesis takes place. Mutations in this gene cause the autosomal dominant disorder, familial hypercholesterolemia. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants.[provided by RefSeq, May 2022]

LDLR Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• hypercholesterolemia, familial, 1

  Inheritance: AD, SD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, ClinGen
• homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia

  Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Likely_pathogenic. The variant received 6 ACMG points.

• PM2: For more information check the summary or visit ClinGen Evidence Repository.
• PM5: For more information check the summary or visit ClinGen Evidence Repository.
• PP3: For more information check the summary or visit ClinGen Evidence Repository.
• PP4: For more information check the summary or visit ClinGen Evidence Repository.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
LDLR	NM_000527.5	c.1618G>T	p.Ala540Ser	missense_variant	Exon 11 of 18	ENST00000558518.6	NP_000518.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
LDLR	ENST00000558518.6	c.1618G>T	p.Ala540Ser	missense_variant	Exon 11 of 18	1	NM_000527.5	ENSP00000454071.1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 31

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ClinVar

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:2 Uncertain:1

Revision: reviewed by expert panel

Submissions by phenotype

Hypercholesterolemia, familial, 1 Pathogenic:2 Uncertain:1

-

Laboratorium voor Moleculaire Diagnostiek Experimentele Vasculaire Geneeskunde, Academisch Medisch Centrum

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: research

- -

Mar 25, 2016

LDLR-LOVD, British Heart Foundation

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: literature only

- -

Aug 28, 2022

ClinGen Familial Hypercholesterolemia Variant Curation Expert Panel

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Review Status: reviewed by expert panel

Collection Method: curation

The NM_000527.5(LDLR):c.1618G>T (p.Ala540Ser) variant is classified as Likely pathogenic for Familial Hypercholesterolemia by applying evidence codes PM2, PM5, PP3, PP4 as defined by the ClinGen Familial Hypercholesterolemia Expert Panel LDLR-specific variant curation guidelines (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gim.2021.09.012). The supporting evidence is as follows: PM2 - variant was not identified in gnomAD (gnomAD v2.1.1), so met. PM5 - 1 other missense variant in the same codon: - NM_000527.5(LDLR):c.1618G>A (p.Ala540Thr) - 2 stars, Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic - Pathogenic by these guidelines so PM5 is met. PP3 - REVEL = 0.821. It is above 0.75, so PP3 is met. PP4 - variant meets PM2 and was identified in: - at least 1 index case with definite FH ((in the paper: "All patients were clinically diagnosed with definite heterozygous hypercholesterolemia by cardiologists and internists using a uniform protocol and internationally accepted criteria [Defesche, 2000].") from PMID 16250003 (Fouchier et al., 2005), The Netherlands. so PP4 is met. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Benign	0.15
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.52	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.51
CADD	Pathogenic	26
DANN	Uncertain	0.99
DEOGEN2	Pathogenic	0.86	D;.;.;.;.;.
Eigen	Uncertain	0.34
Eigen_PC	Uncertain	0.29
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.98	D
LIST_S2	Uncertain	0.95	D;D;D;D;D;D
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.71	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.98	D;D;D;D;D;D
MetaSVM	Pathogenic	1.1	D
MutationAssessor	Uncertain	2.4	M;.;.;.;.;M
PhyloP100		8.0
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.51	T
PROVEAN	Uncertain	-2.8	D;D;D;D;D;D
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.82
Sift	Uncertain	0.0040	D;T;D;D;D;D
Sift4G	Benign	0.073	T;T;T;T;D;T
Polyphen		1.0	D;.;.;.;.;.
Vest4		0.65
MutPred		0.91		Gain of disorder (P = 0.0207);Gain of disorder (P = 0.0207);.;.;.;Gain of disorder (P = 0.0207);
MVP		1.0
MPC		0.77
ClinPred		0.98	D
GERP RS		4.9
RBP_binding_hub_radar		0.0
RBP_regulation_power_radar		1.8
Varity_R		0.59
gMVP		0.98
Mutation Taster		=0/100	disease causing

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs769370816; hg19: chr19-11226801;