NM_000817.3:c.-29A>G

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely benign. The variant received -5 ACMG points: 0P and 5B. BP4_StrongBS1_Supporting

The NM_000817.3(GAD1):c.-29A>G variant causes a 5 prime UTR change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000429 in 1,607,058 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★).

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.000020 ( 0 hom., cov: 31)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.000045 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

GAD1
NM_000817.3 5_prime_UTR

Scores

Clinical Significance

Uncertain significance criteria provided, single submitter U:1

Conservation

PhyloP100: 1.57

Publications

0 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

GAD1 (HGNC:4092): (glutamate decarboxylase 1) This gene encodes one of several forms of glutamic acid decarboxylase, identified as a major autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes. The enzyme encoded is responsible for catalyzing the production of gamma-aminobutyric acid from L-glutamic acid. A pathogenic role for this enzyme has been identified in the human pancreas since it has been identified as an autoantigen and an autoreactive T cell target in insulin-dependent diabetes. This gene may also play a role in the stiff man syndrome. Deficiency in this enzyme has been shown to lead to pyridoxine dependency with seizures. Alternative splicing of this gene results in two products, the predominant 67-kD form and a less-frequent 25-kD form. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

GAD1 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

early infantile epileptic encephalopathy
Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: ClinGen
developmental and epileptic encephalopathy 89
Inheritance: AR Classification: STRONG, LIMITED Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), G2P
spastic quadriplegic cerebral palsy
Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
cerebral palsy, spastic quadriplegic, 1
Inheritance: AR Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: Ambry Genetics
neurodevelopmental disorder with progressive spasticity and brain white matter abnormalities
Inheritance: AR Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)

GAD1 links:

GAD1-AS1 (HGNC:40250):

GAD1-AS1 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Likely_benign. The variant received -5 ACMG points.

BP4

Computational evidence support a benign effect (BayesDel_noAF=-0.66).

BS1

Variant frequency is greater than expected in population sas. GnomAd4 allele frequency = 0.0000197 (3/152174) while in subpopulation SAS AF = 0.000623 (3/4816). AF 95% confidence interval is 0.000169. There are 0 homozygotes in GnomAd4. There are 3 alleles in the male GnomAd4 subpopulation. Median coverage is 31. This position passed quality control check. Existence of Clinvar submissions makes me limit the strength of this signal to Supporting

Variant Effect in Transcripts

ACMG analysis was done for transcript: NM_000817.3. You can select a different transcript below to see updated ACMG assignments.

RefSeq Transcripts

Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
GAD1	NM_000817.3	MANE Select	c.-29A>G	5_prime_UTR	Exon 2 of 17	NP_000808.2	Q99259-1
GAD1	NM_013445.4		c.-29A>G	5_prime_UTR	Exon 2 of 7	NP_038473.2
GAD1-AS1	NR_197761.1		n.89T>C	non_coding_transcript_exon	Exon 1 of 4

Ensembl Transcripts

Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
GAD1	ENST00000358196.8	TSL:1 MANE Select	c.-29A>G	5_prime_UTR	Exon 2 of 17	ENSP00000350928.3	Q99259-1
GAD1	ENST00000375272.5	TSL:1	c.-29A>G	5_prime_UTR	Exon 2 of 7	ENSP00000364421.1	Q99259-3
GAD1	ENST00000493875.5	TSL:1	n.-29A>G	non_coding_transcript_exon	Exon 1 of 17	ENSP00000434696.1	Q99259-4

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.0000197

AC:

AN:

152056

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.000622

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD2 exomes

AF:

0.000108

AC:

AN:

251106

AF XY:

0.000140

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.0000454

AC:

AN:

1454884

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000704

AC XY:

AN XY:

724318

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

33336

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

44708

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

26080

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

39656

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.000673

AC:

AN:

86128

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

53402

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5738

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.00000181

AC:

AN:

1105630

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.0000997

AC:

AN:

60206

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.478

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.0000197

AC:

AN:

152174

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000403

AC XY:

AN XY:

74396

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

41520

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

15288

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

3472

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5176

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.000623

AC:

AN:

4816

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

10584

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

294

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

68002

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

2110

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.542

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Genome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

Alfa

AF:

0.00

Hom.:

Asia WGS

AF:

0.00115

AC:

AN:

3478

ClinVar

ClinVar submissions

Significance:Uncertain significance

Revision:criteria provided, single submitter

View on ClinVar

Pathogenic

VUS

Benign

Condition

Neurodevelopmental disorder with progressive spasticity and brain white matter abnormalities (1)

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.9

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

BayesDel_noAF

Benign

-0.66

CADD

Benign

(source)

DANN

Benign

0.82

PhyloP100

1.6

Mutation Taster

=296/4

polymorphism

(source)

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.050

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

You must be logged in to view publications. This limit was set because tens of millions (!) of queries from AI bots are generated daily.

Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Variant Effect in Transcripts

RefSeq Transcripts

Ensembl Transcripts

Frequencies

Age Distribution

Age Distribution

ClinVar

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over