NM_001195553.2:c.574C>T

Variant names:

• chrX-111401121-G-A
• rs104894780
• NM_001195553.2:c.574C>T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. The variant received 19 ACMG points: 19P and 0B. PS3 PM1 PM2 PP2 PP3_Moderate PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_001195553.2(DCX):​c.574C>T​(p.Arg192Trp) variant causes a missense change. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely pathogenic (★★). ClinVar reports functional evidence for this variant: "SCV000520866: Published functional studies demonstrate a damaging effect and show that this variant impairs the interaction of the DCX gene with microtubules and leads to defects in cortical neuronal migration (Taylor et al., 2000)" and additional evidence is available in ClinVar. Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. R192Q) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 23)
• Consequence: DCX NM_001195553.2 missense
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:6
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 5.82
• Publications: 5 publications found

Genes affected

DCX (HGNC:2714): (doublecortin) This gene encodes a member of the doublecortin family. The protein encoded by this gene is a cytoplasmic protein and contains two doublecortin domains, which bind microtubules. In the developing cortex, cortical neurons must migrate over long distances to reach the site of their final differentiation. The encoded protein appears to direct neuronal migration by regulating the organization and stability of microtubules. In addition, the encoded protein interacts with LIS1, the regulatory gamma subunit of platelet activating factor acetylhydrolase, and this interaction is important to proper microtubule function in the developing cortex. Mutations in this gene cause abnormal migration of neurons during development and disrupt the layering of the cortex, leading to epilepsy, cognitive disability, subcortical band heterotopia ("double cortex" syndrome) in females and lissencephaly ("smooth brain" syndrome) in males. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2010]

DCX Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• lissencephaly spectrum disorders

  Inheritance: XL Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: ClinGen
• lissencephaly type 1 due to doublecortin gene mutation

  Inheritance: XL Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: G2P, Orphanet, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
• subcortical band heterotopia

  Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Pathogenic. The variant received 19 ACMG points.

• PS3: PS3 evidence extracted from ClinVar submissions: SCV000520866: Published functional studies demonstrate a damaging effect and show that this variant impairs the interaction of the DCX gene with microtubules and leads to defects in cortical neuronal migration (Taylor et al., 2000); PMID: 11175293, 10749977, 11001923, 19416314, 18685874, 12692530, 25868952, 12820024, 15607950, 9489700, 15045646, 9489699, 10946000, 23365099
• PM1: In a hotspot region, there are 12 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 0 benign, 7 uncertain in NM_001195553.2
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP2: Missense variant in the gene, where a lot of missense mutations are associated with disease in ClinVar. The gene has 87 curated pathogenic missense variants (we use a threshold of 10). The gene has 3 curated benign missense variants. Trascript score misZ: NaN (below the threshold of 3.09). GenCC associations: The gene is linked to lissencephaly type 1 due to doublecortin gene mutation, subcortical band heterotopia, lissencephaly spectrum disorders.
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.923
• PP5: Variant X-111401121-G-A is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chrX-111401121-G-A is described in ClinVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. ClinVar VariationId is 11598.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.

Variant Effect in Transcripts

ACMG analysis was done for transcript: NM_001195553.2. You can select a different transcript below to see updated ACMG assignments.

RefSeq Transcripts

Sel.	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	DCX	NM_001195553.2	MANE Select	c.574C>T	p.Arg192Trp	missense	Exon 3 of 7	NP_001182482.1	A8K340
	DCX	NM_000555.3		c.817C>T	p.Arg273Trp	missense	Exon 3 of 7	NP_000546.2	O43602
	DCX	NM_001369370.1		c.574C>T	p.Arg192Trp	missense	Exon 3 of 7	NP_001356299.1	A8K340

Ensembl Transcripts

Sel.	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	DCX	ENST00000636035.2	TSL:2 MANE Select	c.574C>T	p.Arg192Trp	missense	Exon 3 of 7	ENSP00000490614.1	A8K340
	DCX	ENST00000358070.10	TSL:1	c.754C>T	p.Arg252Trp	missense	Exon 3 of 7	ENSP00000350776.6	A0A9S7JGE9
	DCX	ENST00000356220.8	TSL:5	c.574C>T	p.Arg192Trp	missense	Exon 4 of 8	ENSP00000348553.4	A8K340

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 23

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 31

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 23

Alfa AF: 0.00 Hom.: 0

ClinVar

ClinVar submissions

Significance: Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Pathogenic	VUS	Benign	Condition
2	-	-	Lissencephaly type 1 due to doublecortin gene mutation (2)
2	-	-	not provided (2)
1	-	-	Ectopic tissue (1)
1	-	-	Subcortical laminar heterotopia, X-linked (1)

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.9

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	1.0
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.63	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.67
CADD	Pathogenic	26
DANN	Pathogenic	1.0
DEOGEN2	Benign	0.37	T
FATHMM_MKL	Uncertain	0.96	D
LIST_S2	Pathogenic	1.0	D
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.86	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.92	D
MetaSVM	Pathogenic	1.0	D
PhyloP100		5.8
PrimateAI	Pathogenic	0.94	D
PROVEAN	Pathogenic	-6.0	D
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.82
Sift	Pathogenic	0.0	D
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.057	T
Vest4		0.83
MVP		1.0
ClinPred		1.0	D
GERP RS		2.9
Varity_R		0.93
gMVP		0.97
Mutation Taster		=10/90	disease causing (ClinVar)

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs104894780; hg19: chrX-110644349;