NM_001267550.2:c.94553T>C

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely benign. The variant received -2 ACMG points: 0P and 2B. BP4BP6

The NM_001267550.2(TTN):​c.94553T>C​(p.Val31518Ala) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000317 in 1,594,752 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity (no stars).

Frequency

Genomes: š‘“ 0.00023 ( 0 hom., cov: 32)
Exomes š‘“: 0.00033 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

TTN
NM_001267550.2 missense

Scores

4
7
5

Clinical Significance

Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity criteria provided, conflicting classifications U:10B:4

Conservation

PhyloP100: 9.32

Publications

7 publications found
Variant links:
Genes affected
TTN (HGNC:12403): (titin) This gene encodes a large abundant protein of striated muscle. The product of this gene is divided into two regions, a N-terminal I-band and a C-terminal A-band. The I-band, which is the elastic part of the molecule, contains two regions of tandem immunoglobulin domains on either side of a PEVK region that is rich in proline, glutamate, valine and lysine. The A-band, which is thought to act as a protein-ruler, contains a mixture of immunoglobulin and fibronectin repeats, and possesses kinase activity. An N-terminal Z-disc region and a C-terminal M-line region bind to the Z-line and M-line of the sarcomere, respectively, so that a single titin molecule spans half the length of a sarcomere. Titin also contains binding sites for muscle associated proteins so it serves as an adhesion template for the assembly of contractile machinery in muscle cells. It has also been identified as a structural protein for chromosomes. Alternative splicing of this gene results in multiple transcript variants. Considerable variability exists in the I-band, the M-line and the Z-disc regions of titin. Variability in the I-band region contributes to the differences in elasticity of different titin isoforms and, therefore, to the differences in elasticity of different muscle types. Mutations in this gene are associated with familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 9, and autoantibodies to titin are produced in patients with the autoimmune disease scleroderma. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2012]
TTN-AS1 (HGNC:44124): (TTN antisense RNA 1) This gene encodes a non-coding RNA transcribed from the opposite strand to the titin gene. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2016]

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ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Likely_benign. The variant received -2 ACMG points.

BP4
Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.2642157).
BP6
Variant 2-178546875-A-G is Benign according to our data. Variant chr2-178546875-A-G is described in ClinVar as Conflicting_classifications_of_pathogenicity. ClinVar VariationId is 203005.

Variant Effect in Transcripts

ACMG analysis was done for transcript: NM_001267550.2. You can select a different transcript below to see updated ACMG assignments.

RefSeq Transcripts

Selected
GeneTranscriptTagsHGVScHGVSpEffectExon RankProteinUniProt
TTN
NM_001267550.2
MANE Select
c.94553T>Cp.Val31518Ala
missense
Exon 341 of 363NP_001254479.2
TTN
NM_001256850.1
c.89630T>Cp.Val29877Ala
missense
Exon 291 of 313NP_001243779.1
TTN
NM_133378.4
c.86849T>Cp.Val28950Ala
missense
Exon 290 of 312NP_596869.4

Ensembl Transcripts

Selected
GeneTranscriptTagsHGVScHGVSpEffectExon RankProteinUniProt
TTN
ENST00000589042.5
TSL:5 MANE Select
c.94553T>Cp.Val31518Ala
missense
Exon 341 of 363ENSP00000467141.1
TTN
ENST00000446966.2
TSL:1
c.94397T>Cp.Val31466Ala
missense
Exon 339 of 361ENSP00000408004.2
TTN
ENST00000436599.2
TSL:1
c.94277T>Cp.Val31426Ala
missense
Exon 339 of 361ENSP00000405517.2

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes
AF:
0.000230
AC:
35
AN:
152158
Hom.:
0
Cov.:
32
show subpopulations
Gnomad AFR
AF:
0.0000724
Gnomad AMI
AF:
0.00
Gnomad AMR
AF:
0.00
Gnomad ASJ
AF:
0.00
Gnomad EAS
AF:
0.00
Gnomad SAS
AF:
0.00
Gnomad FIN
AF:
0.00
Gnomad MID
AF:
0.00
Gnomad NFE
AF:
0.000470
Gnomad OTH
AF:
0.00
GnomAD2 exomes
AF:
0.000135
AC:
32
AN:
236804
AF XY:
0.000117
show subpopulations
Gnomad AFR exome
AF:
0.00
Gnomad AMR exome
AF:
0.0000297
Gnomad ASJ exome
AF:
0.00
Gnomad EAS exome
AF:
0.00
Gnomad FIN exome
AF:
0.00
Gnomad NFE exome
AF:
0.000289
Gnomad OTH exome
AF:
0.00
GnomAD4 exome
AF:
0.000326
AC:
470
AN:
1442594
Hom.:
0
Cov.:
33
AF XY:
0.000337
AC XY:
241
AN XY:
714408
show subpopulations
African (AFR)
AF:
0.0000905
AC:
3
AN:
33154
American (AMR)
AF:
0.0000227
AC:
1
AN:
44034
Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)
AF:
0.00
AC:
0
AN:
25046
East Asian (EAS)
AF:
0.00
AC:
0
AN:
39314
South Asian (SAS)
AF:
0.00
AC:
0
AN:
84042
European-Finnish (FIN)
AF:
0.0000379
AC:
2
AN:
52720
Middle Eastern (MID)
AF:
0.00
AC:
0
AN:
5670
European-Non Finnish (NFE)
AF:
0.000407
AC:
447
AN:
1099174
Other (OTH)
AF:
0.000286
AC:
17
AN:
59440
Allele Balance Distribution
Red line indicates average allele balance
Average allele balance: 0.483
Heterozygous variant carriers
0
28
57
85
114
142
0.00
0.20
0.40
0.60
0.80
0.95
Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het
Variant carriers
0
20
40
60
80
100
<30
30-35
35-40
40-45
45-50
50-55
55-60
60-65
65-70
70-75
75-80
>80
Age
GnomAD4 genome
AF:
0.000230
AC:
35
AN:
152158
Hom.:
0
Cov.:
32
AF XY:
0.000161
AC XY:
12
AN XY:
74334
show subpopulations
African (AFR)
AF:
0.0000724
AC:
3
AN:
41446
American (AMR)
AF:
0.00
AC:
0
AN:
15266
Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)
AF:
0.00
AC:
0
AN:
3470
East Asian (EAS)
AF:
0.00
AC:
0
AN:
5194
South Asian (SAS)
AF:
0.00
AC:
0
AN:
4826
European-Finnish (FIN)
AF:
0.00
AC:
0
AN:
10618
Middle Eastern (MID)
AF:
0.00
AC:
0
AN:
316
European-Non Finnish (NFE)
AF:
0.000470
AC:
32
AN:
68016
Other (OTH)
AF:
0.00
AC:
0
AN:
2094
Allele Balance Distribution
Red line indicates average allele balance
Average allele balance: 0.492
Heterozygous variant carriers
0
2
4
5
7
9
0.00
0.20
0.40
0.60
0.80
0.95
Allele balance

Age Distribution

Genome Het
Variant carriers
0
2
4
6
8
10
<30
30-35
35-40
40-45
45-50
50-55
55-60
60-65
65-70
70-75
75-80
>80
Age
Alfa
AF:
0.000322
Hom.:
0
Bravo
AF:
0.000181
TwinsUK
AF:
0.00
AC:
0
ALSPAC
AF:
0.000259
AC:
1
ESP6500AA
AF:
0.00
AC:
0
ESP6500EA
AF:
0.000239
AC:
2
ExAC
AF:
0.0000744
AC:
9

ClinVar

Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity
Submissions summary: Uncertain:10Benign:4
Revision: criteria provided, conflicting classifications
LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

not provided Uncertain:4Benign:1
Aug 11, 2025
Revvity Omics, Revvity
Significance:Uncertain significance
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

Jul 03, 2018
Eurofins Ntd Llc (ga)
Significance:Uncertain significance
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

Jun 17, 2021
Athena Diagnostics
Significance:Uncertain significance
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

Oct 01, 2024
CeGaT Center for Human Genetics Tuebingen
Significance:Uncertain significance
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

Apr 16, 2021
GeneDx
Significance:Likely benign
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 23396983, 30847666)

not specified Uncertain:1Benign:1
Oct 28, 2024
Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp
Significance:Likely benign
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

Variant summary: TTN c.86849T>C (p.Val28950Ala) results in a non-conservative amino acid change located in the A-band of the encoded protein sequence. Four of five in-silico tools predict a damaging effect of the variant on protein function. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00032 in 1594752 control chromosomes, predominantly at a frequency of 0.00041 within the Non-Finnish European subpopulation in the gnomAD database. The observed variant frequency within Non-Finnish European control individuals in the gnomAD database is approximately equal to the estimated maximal expected allele frequency for a pathogenic variant in TTN causing Dilated Cardiomyopathy phenotype (0.00039). c.86849T>C has been reported in the literature in individuals affected with Dilated Cardiomyopathy and Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy, without strong evidence for causality (e.g. Lopes, van Lint_2019, Minoche_2019). These reports do not provide unequivocal conclusions about association of the variant with Dilated Cardiomyopathy. To our knowledge, no experimental evidence demonstrating an impact on protein function has been reported. The following publications have been ascertained in the context of this evaluation (PMID: 23396983, 29961767, 30847666). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 203005). Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as likely benign.

Jul 22, 2015
Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Mass General Brigham Personalized Medicine
Significance:Uncertain significance
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

The p.Val28950Ala variant in TTN has not been previously reported in individuals with cardiomyopathy, but has been identified in 9/64750 European chromosomes by the Exome Aggregation Consortium (ExAC, http://exac.broadinstitute.org; dbSNP r s377016580). Computational prediction tools and conservation analysis do not pro vide strong support for or against an impact to the protein. In summary, the cli nical significance of the p.Val28950Ala variant is uncertain.

Autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2J Uncertain:1
Jan 13, 2018
Illumina Laboratory Services, Illumina
Significance:Uncertain significance
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

This variant was observed in the ICSL laboratory as part of a predisposition screen in an ostensibly healthy population. It had not been previously curated by ICSL or reported in the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD: prior to June 1st, 2018), and was therefore a candidate for classification through an automated scoring system. Utilizing variant allele frequency, disease prevalence and penetrance estimates, and inheritance mode, an automated score was calculated to assess if this variant is too frequent to cause the disease. Based on the score, this variant could not be ruled out of causing disease and therefore its association with disease required further investigation. A literature search was performed for the gene, cDNA change, and amino acid change (if applicable). No publications were found based on this search. This variant was therefore classified as a variant of unknown significance for this disease.

TTN-related disorder Uncertain:1
Feb 22, 2024
PreventionGenetics, part of Exact Sciences
Significance:Uncertain significance
Review Status:no assertion criteria provided
Collection Method:clinical testing

The TTN c.94553T>C variant is predicted to result in the amino acid substitution p.Val31518Ala. This variant has been reported in compound heterozygous state in individuals with dilated cardiomyopathy, however no information was provided to establish its pathogenicity (Supplementary file 2 in case 1463, van Lint et al. 2019. PubMed ID: 30847666; Minoche et al. 2018. PubMed ID: 29961767). This variant is reported in 0.030% of alleles in individuals of European (Non-Finnish) descent in gnomAD. At this time, the clinical significance of this variant is uncertain due to the absence of conclusive functional and genetic evidence.

Autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2J;C1858763:Dilated cardiomyopathy 1G Uncertain:1
Jan 06, 2018
Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp
Significance:Uncertain significance
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

Dilated cardiomyopathy 1G Uncertain:1
Jan 13, 2018
Illumina Laboratory Services, Illumina
Significance:Uncertain significance
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

This variant was observed in the ICSL laboratory as part of a predisposition screen in an ostensibly healthy population. It had not been previously curated by ICSL or reported in the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD: prior to June 1st, 2018), and was therefore a candidate for classification through an automated scoring system. Utilizing variant allele frequency, disease prevalence and penetrance estimates, and inheritance mode, an automated score was calculated to assess if this variant is too frequent to cause the disease. Based on the score, this variant could not be ruled out of causing disease and therefore its association with disease required further investigation. A literature search was performed for the gene, cDNA change, and amino acid change (if applicable). No publications were found based on this search. This variant was therefore classified as a variant of unknown significance for this disease.

Early-onset myopathy with fatal cardiomyopathy Uncertain:1
Jan 13, 2018
Illumina Laboratory Services, Illumina
Significance:Uncertain significance
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

This variant was observed in the ICSL laboratory as part of a predisposition screen in an ostensibly healthy population. It had not been previously curated by ICSL or reported in the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD: prior to June 1st, 2018), and was therefore a candidate for classification through an automated scoring system. Utilizing variant allele frequency, disease prevalence and penetrance estimates, and inheritance mode, an automated score was calculated to assess if this variant is too frequent to cause the disease. Based on the score, this variant could not be ruled out of causing disease and therefore its association with disease required further investigation. A literature search was performed for the gene, cDNA change, and amino acid change (if applicable). No publications were found based on this search. This variant was therefore classified as a variant of unknown significance for this disease.

Myopathy, myofibrillar, 9, with early respiratory failure Benign:1
Jan 13, 2018
Illumina Laboratory Services, Illumina
Significance:Likely benign
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

This variant was observed in the ICSL laboratory as part of a predisposition screen in an ostensibly healthy population. It had not been previously curated by ICSL or reported in the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD: prior to June 1st, 2018), and was therefore a candidate for classification through an automated scoring system. Utilizing variant allele frequency, disease prevalence and penetrance estimates, and inheritance mode, an automated score was calculated to assess if this variant is too frequent to cause the disease. Based on the score and internal cut-off values, a variant classified as likely benign is not then subjected to further curation. The score for this variant resulted in a classification of likely benign for this disease.

Tibial muscular dystrophy Benign:1
Jan 13, 2018
Illumina Laboratory Services, Illumina
Significance:Benign
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

This variant was observed in the ICSL laboratory as part of a predisposition screen in an ostensibly healthy population. It had not been previously curated by ICSL or reported in the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD: prior to June 1st, 2018), and was therefore a candidate for classification through an automated scoring system. Utilizing variant allele frequency, disease prevalence and penetrance estimates, and inheritance mode, an automated score was calculated to assess if this variant is too frequent to cause the disease. Based on the score and internal cut-off values, a variant classified as benign is not then subjected to further curation. The score for this variant resulted in a classification of benign for this disease.

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.9

Name
Calibrated prediction
Score
Prediction
AlphaMissense
Pathogenic
0.66
BayesDel_addAF
Benign
-0.25
T
BayesDel_noAF
Benign
-0.28
CADD
Benign
21
DANN
Uncertain
0.98
Eigen
Pathogenic
0.78
Eigen_PC
Pathogenic
0.80
FATHMM_MKL
Pathogenic
0.99
D
LIST_S2
Uncertain
0.89
D
M_CAP
Benign
0.031
D
MetaRNN
Benign
0.26
T
MetaSVM
Benign
-0.40
T
MutationAssessor
Uncertain
2.0
M
PhyloP100
9.3
PrimateAI
Uncertain
0.69
T
PROVEAN
Uncertain
-3.0
D
REVEL
Uncertain
0.33
Sift
Uncertain
0.0050
D
Polyphen
0.99
D
Vest4
0.47
MVP
0.66
MPC
0.38
ClinPred
0.24
T
GERP RS
6.0
Mutation Taster
=76/24
polymorphism

Splicing

Name
Calibrated prediction
Score
Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)
0.0
Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs377016580; hg19: chr2-179411602; API