NM_001330078.2:c.2566C>T

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. The variant received 2 ACMG points: 2P and 0B. PP3_Moderate

The NM_001330078.2(NRXN1):c.2566C>T(p.Arg856Trp) variant causes a missense change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000496 in 1,613,602 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. R856Q) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.0000066 ( 0 hom., cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000048 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

NRXN1
NM_001330078.2 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:2

Conservation

PhyloP100: 6.52

Publications

9 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

NRXN1 (HGNC:8008): (neurexin 1) This gene encodes a single-pass type I membrane protein that belongs to the neurexin family. Neurexins are cell-surface receptors that bind neuroligins to form Ca(2+)-dependent neurexin/neuroligin complexes at synapses in the central nervous system. This complex is required for efficient neurotransmission and is involved in the formation of synaptic contacts. Three members of this gene family have been studied in detail and are estimated to generate over 3,000 variants through the use of two alternative promoters (alpha and beta) and extensive alternative splicing in each family member. Recently, a third promoter (gamma) was identified for this gene in the 3' region. Mutations in this gene are associated with Pitt-Hopkins-like syndrome-2 and may contribute to susceptibility to schizophrenia. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2016]

NRXN1 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

complex neurodevelopmental disorder
Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: ClinGen
chromosome 2p16.3 deletion syndrome
Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
Pitt-Hopkins-like syndrome 2
Inheritance: AR Classification: STRONG, MODERATE Submitted by: G2P, Ambry Genetics, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
autism
Inheritance: AD Classification: MODERATE Submitted by: G2P
schizophrenia
Inheritance: Unknown Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)

NRXN1 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Uncertain_significance. The variant received 2 ACMG points.

PP3

MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.891

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
NRXN1	NM_001330078.2 link	c.2566C>T	p.Arg856Trp	missense_variant	Exon 14 of 23	ENST00000401669.7	NP_001317007.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
NRXN1	ENST00000401669.7 link	c.2566C>T	p.Arg856Trp	missense_variant	Exon 14 of 23	5	NM_001330078.2	ENSP00000385017.2

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.00000657

AC:

AN:

152136

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.0000241

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.00000479

AC:

AN:

1461466

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.00000413

AC XY:

AN XY:

727042

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

33470

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

44720

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

26132

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

39688

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

86248

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

53396

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5768

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.00000630

AC:

AN:

1111678

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

60366

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.496

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.00000657

AC:

AN:

152136

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.00

AC XY:

AN XY:

74322

show subpopulations

⚠️ The allele balance in gnomAD version 4 Genomes is significantly skewed from the expected value of 0.5.

African (AFR)

AF:

0.0000241

AC:

AN:

41428

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

15270

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

3472

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5194

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

4822

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

10620

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

316

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

68014

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

2088

⚠️ The allele balance in gnomAD version 4 Genomes is significantly skewed from the expected value of 0.5. (p-value = 0), which strongly suggests a high chance of mosaicism in these individuals.

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.275

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Alfa

AF:

0.00

Hom.:

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:2

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

not provided

Uncertain:1

May 27, 2016

GeneDx

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

The R896W variant has not been published as a mutation, nor has it been reported as a benign polymorphism to our knowledge. It was not observed in approximately 6,100 individuals of European and African American ancestry in the NHLBI Exome Sequencing Project, indicating it is not a common benign variant in these populations. The R896W variant is a non-conservative amino acid substitution, which is likely to impact secondary protein structure as these residues differ in polarity, charge, size and/or other properties. This substitution occurs at a position that is conserved across species, and in silico analysis predicts this variant is probably damaging to the protein structure/function. However, other missense mutations in nearby residues have not been reported in the Human Gene Mutation Database (Stenson et al., 2014). Based on the currently available information, it is unclear whether the R896W variant is a pathogenic mutation or a rare benign variant. -

Pitt-Hopkins-like syndrome 2

Uncertain:1

Nov 11, 2024

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This sequence change replaces arginine, which is basic and polar, with tryptophan, which is neutral and slightly polar, at codon 896 of the NRXN1 protein (p.Arg896Trp). This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This missense change has been observed in individual(s) with clinical features of NRXN1-related conditions (PMID: 30709877, 32942984, 36403551). This variant is also known as R856W. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 206248). An algorithm developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function (PolyPhen-2) suggests that this variant is likely to be disruptive. Experimental studies have shown that this missense change affects NRXN1 function (PMID: 32942984). In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Pathogenic

0.81

BayesDel_addAF

Pathogenic

0.37

BayesDel_noAF

Pathogenic

0.29

CADD

Pathogenic

(source)

DANN

Pathogenic

1.0

DEOGEN2

Uncertain

0.67

.;D;.;.;T;.;.;D

Eigen

Uncertain

0.53

Eigen_PC

Uncertain

0.42

FATHMM_MKL

Pathogenic

0.98

LIST_S2

Pathogenic

1.0

D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D

M_CAP

Uncertain

0.12

MetaRNN

Pathogenic

0.89

D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D

MetaSVM

Uncertain

0.36

MutationAssessor

Uncertain

2.6

.;M;.;.;.;.;.;.

PhyloP100

6.5

PrimateAI

Pathogenic

0.82

PROVEAN

Pathogenic

-6.5

.;D;D;D;.;.;.;.

REVEL

Pathogenic

0.71

Sift

Uncertain

0.0060

.;D;D;D;.;.;.;.

Sift4G

Pathogenic

0.0

D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D

Polyphen

1.0

.;.;D;.;.;.;.;.

Vest4

0.95

MutPred

0.76

.;Gain of catalytic residue at R856 (P = 0.0804);.;Gain of catalytic residue at R856 (P = 0.0804);.;.;.;.;

MVP

0.71

MPC

0.90

ClinPred

0.99

GERP RS

4.1

Varity_R

0.53

gMVP

0.74

Mutation Taster

=6/94

disease causing

(source)

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

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Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

Age Distribution

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over