NM_001378454.1:c.63_74dupGGAGGAGGAGGA

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Benign. The variant received -10 ACMG points: 0P and 10B. BP3BP6BS1BS2

The NM_001378454.1(ALMS1):c.63_74dupGGAGGAGGAGGA(p.Glu22_Glu25dup) variant causes a disruptive inframe insertion change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. It is difficult to determine the true allele frequency of this variant because it is of type INS_BIG, and the frequency of such variant types in population databases may be underestimated and unreliable. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity (no stars). Synonymous variant affecting the same amino acid position (i.e. E25E) has been classified as Likely benign.

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.0013 ( 1 hom., cov: 0)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.0025 ( 2 hom. )

Consequence

ALMS1
NM_001378454.1 disruptive_inframe_insertion

Scores

Not classified

Clinical Significance

Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity criteria provided, conflicting classifications U:1B:2

Conservation

PhyloP100: 0.369

Publications

7 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

ALMS1 (HGNC:428): (ALMS1 centrosome and basal body associated protein) This gene encodes a protein containing a large tandem-repeat domain as well as additional low complexity regions. The encoded protein functions in microtubule organization, particularly in the formation and maintanance of cilia. Mutations in this gene cause Alstrom syndrome. There is a pseudogene for this gene located adjacent in the same region of chromosome 2. Alternative splice variants have been described but their full length nature has not been determined. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2014]

ALMS1 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

Alstrom syndrome
Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), ClinGen, PanelApp Australia, G2P, Orphanet, Genomics England PanelApp

ALMS1 links:

ENSG00000285068 (HGNC:):

ENSG00000285068 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Benign. The variant received -10 ACMG points.

BP3

Nonframeshift variant in repetitive region in NM_001378454.1

BP6

Variant 2-73385903-T-TGGAGGAGGAGGA is Benign according to our data. Variant chr2-73385903-T-TGGAGGAGGAGGA is described in ClinVar as Conflicting_classifications_of_pathogenicity. ClinVar VariationId is 412658.

BS1

Variant frequency is greater than expected in population eas. GnomAd4 allele frequency = 0.00126 (181/143630) while in subpopulation EAS AF = 0.0236 (108/4582). AF 95% confidence interval is 0.02. There are 1 homozygotes in GnomAd4. There are 101 alleles in the male GnomAd4 subpopulation. Median coverage is 0. This position passed quality control check.

BS2

High Homozygotes in GnomAdExome4 at 2 AR gene

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
ALMS1	NM_001378454.1 link	c.63_74dupGGAGGAGGAGGA	p.Glu22_Glu25dup	disruptive_inframe_insertion	Exon 1 of 23	ENST00000613296.6	NP_001365383.1
ALMS1	NM_015120.4 link	c.63_74dupGGAGGAGGAGGA	p.Glu22_Glu25dup	disruptive_inframe_insertion	Exon 1 of 23		NP_055935.4	Q8TCU4
LOC105374804	XR_007087045.1 link	n.-234_-223dupTCCTCCTCCTCC		upstream_gene_variant
LOC105374804	XR_007087053.1 link	n.-234_-223dupTCCTCCTCCTCC		upstream_gene_variant

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
ALMS1	ENST00000613296.6 link	c.63_74dupGGAGGAGGAGGA	p.Glu22_Glu25dup	disruptive_inframe_insertion	Exon 1 of 23	1	NM_001378454.1	ENSP00000482968.1		Q8TCU4-1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.00128

AC:

183

AN:

143526

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.000151

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.000817

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.000301

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.0235

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00187

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.000106

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00355

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.000606

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00358

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.00250

AC:

1392

AN:

557702

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.00239

AC XY:

711

AN XY:

297806

show subpopulations

⚠️ The allele balance in gnomAD version 4 Exomes is significantly skewed from the expected value of 0.5.

African (AFR)

AF:

0.000127

AC:

AN:

15796

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00125

AC:

AN:

31236

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00130

AC:

AN:

17646

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.0364

AC:

1116

AN:

30644

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.000644

AC:

AN:

55938

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.000193

AC:

AN:

36320

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

2422

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.000353

AC:

119

AN:

337584

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00166

AC:

AN:

30116

⚠️ The allele balance in gnomAD4 Exomes is highly skewed from 0.5 (p-value = 0), which strongly suggests a high chance of mosaicism in these individuals.

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.372

Heterozygous variant carriers

154

230

307

384

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het

Exome Hom

Variant carriers

100

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.00126

AC:

181

AN:

143630

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.00145

AC XY:

101

AN XY:

69660

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.000150

AC:

AN:

39970

American (AMR)

AF:

0.000816

AC:

AN:

14698

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.000301

AC:

AN:

3322

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.0236

AC:

108

AN:

4582

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00164

AC:

AN:

4264

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.000106

AC:

AN:

9398

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00376

AC:

AN:

266

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.000606

AC:

AN:

64332

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00304

AC:

AN:

1972

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.435

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Genome Het

Genome Hom

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

Alfa

AF:

0.00

Hom.:

1022

ClinVar

Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity

Submissions summary: Uncertain:1Benign:2

Revision: criteria provided, conflicting classifications

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Alstrom syndrome

Uncertain:1

Jun 14, 2016

Illumina Laboratory Services, Illumina

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

not specified

Benign:1

Nov 25, 2019

Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp

Significance:Benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Variant summary: The ALMS1 variant, c.66_74dupGGAGGAGGA (p.Glu26_Glu28dup, also known as c.69_77dup) is located in a Glu repetitive region. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0043 in 83366 control chromosomes, predominantly at a frequency of 0.011 within the South Asian subpopulation in the gnomAD database. The observed variant frequency within South Asian control individuals in the gnomAD database is approximately 5-folds over the estimated maximal expected allele frequency for a pathogenic variant in ALMS1 causing Cardiomyopathy phenotype (0.0022), strongly suggesting that the variant is a benign polymorphism found primarily in populations of South Asian origin. To our knowledge, no occurrence of c.66_74dupGGAGGAGGA in individuals affected with Cardiomyopathy and no experimental evidence demonstrating its impact on protein function have been reported. No clinical diagnostic laboratories have submitted clinical-significance assessments for this variant to ClinVar after 2014. Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as benign. -

Cardiovascular phenotype

Benign:1

Jan 09, 2019

Ambry Genetics

Significance:Benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This alteration is classified as benign based on a combination of the following: seen in unaffected individuals, population frequency, intact protein function, lack of segregation with disease, co-occurrence, RNA analysis, in silico models, amino acid conservation, lack of disease association in case-control studies, and/or the mechanism of disease or impacted region is inconsistent with a known cause of pathogenicity. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

PhyloP100

0.37

Mutation Taster

=78/22

polymorphism

(source)

Splicing

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

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Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

Age Distribution

Age Distribution

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over