NM_002055.5:c.259G>T

Variant names:

• chr17-44915228-C-A
• rs267607518
• NM_002055.5:c.259G>T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. The variant received 11 ACMG points: 11P and 0B. PM1 PM2 PM5 PP3_Strong PP5

The NM_002055.5(GFAP):​c.259G>T​(p.Val87Phe) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000274 in 1,461,880 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity (no stars). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. V87G) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000027 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: GFAP NM_002055.5 missense
• Clinical Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity criteria provided, conflicting classifications P:1 U:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 7.73
• Publications: 4 publications found

Genes affected

GFAP (HGNC:4235): (glial fibrillary acidic protein) This gene encodes one of the major intermediate filament proteins of mature astrocytes. It is used as a marker to distinguish astrocytes from other glial cells during development. Mutations in this gene cause Alexander disease, a rare disorder of astrocytes in the central nervous system. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2008]

GFAP Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• Alexander disease

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), ClinGen, G2P
• Alexander disease type II

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Pathogenic. The variant received 11 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a hotspot region, there are 8 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 0 benign, 14 uncertain in NM_002055.5
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PM5: Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chr17-44915228-C-T is described in ClinVar as Pathogenic. ClinVar VariationId is 190339.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.951
• PP5: Variant 17-44915228-C-A is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr17-44915228-C-A is described in ClinVar as Conflicting_classifications_of_pathogenicity. ClinVar VariationId is 1351005.

Variant Effect in Transcripts

ACMG analysis was done for transcript: NM_002055.5. You can select a different transcript below to see updated ACMG assignments.

RefSeq Transcripts

Sel.	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	GFAP	NM_002055.5	MANE Select	c.259G>T	p.Val87Phe	missense	Exon 1 of 9	NP_002046.1	P14136-1
	GFAP	NM_001363846.2		c.259G>T	p.Val87Phe	missense	Exon 1 of 10	NP_001350775.1	A0A1X7SBR3
	GFAP	NM_001242376.3		c.259G>T	p.Val87Phe	missense	Exon 1 of 7	NP_001229305.1	P14136-2

Ensembl Transcripts

Sel.	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	GFAP	ENST00000588735.3	TSL:1 MANE Select	c.259G>T	p.Val87Phe	missense	Exon 1 of 9	ENSP00000466598.2	P14136-1
	GFAP	ENST00000591327.2	TSL:1	n.272G>T		non_coding_transcript_exon	Exon 1 of 5
	GFAP	ENST00000639277.1	TSL:5	c.259G>T	p.Val87Phe	missense	Exon 1 of 10	ENSP00000492432.1	A0A1W2PR46

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD2 exomes AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 251446 AF XY: 0.00

Gnomad AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00000274 AC: 4 AN: 1461880 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 31 AF XY: 0.00000275 AC XY: 2 AN XY: 727246

African (AFR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 33480

American (AMR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 44724

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 26136

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 39700

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 86258

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 53406

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 5768

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 0.00000270 AC: 3 AN: 1112012

Other (OTH) AF: 0.0000166 AC: 1 AN: 60396

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ExAC AF: 0.00000824 AC: 1

ClinVar

ClinVar submissions

Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity

Revision: criteria provided, conflicting classifications

Pathogenic	VUS	Benign	Condition
1	1	-	not provided (2)

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.9

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	0.98
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.55	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.55
CADD	Pathogenic	32
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Pathogenic	0.97	D
Eigen	Uncertain	0.37
Eigen_PC	Uncertain	0.38
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.99	D
LIST_S2	Pathogenic	0.99	D
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.65	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.95	D
MetaSVM	Pathogenic	1.1	D
MutationAssessor	Pathogenic	4.2	H
PhyloP100		7.7
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.73	T
PROVEAN	Uncertain	-4.4	D
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.96
Sift	Pathogenic	0.0	D
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.017	D
Polyphen		0.28	B
Vest4		0.92
MutPred		0.82		Gain of disorder (P = 0.0735)
MVP		0.99
MPC		0.69
ClinPred		1.0	D
GERP RS		3.7
PromoterAI		0.082	Neutral
Varity_R		0.96
gMVP		0.99
Mutation Taster		=0/100	disease causing

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs267607518; hg19: chr17-42992596;