NM_002691.4:c.1891G>A

Variant names:

• chr19-50408900-G-A
• rs1555791808
• NM_002691.4:c.1891G>A

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. The variant received 0 ACMG points: 2P and 2B. PM2 BP4_Moderate

The NM_002691.4(POLD1):​c.1891G>A​(p.Gly631Ser) variant causes a missense, splice region change. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 15/24 in silico tools predict a benign outcome for this variant. 3/3 splice prediction tools predict no significant impact on normal splicing. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. G631D) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
• Consequence: POLD1 NM_002691.4 missense, splice_region
• Scores: Splicing: ADA: 0.003022
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:2
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 4.76
• Publications: 0 publications found

Genes affected

POLD1 (HGNC:9175): (DNA polymerase delta 1, catalytic subunit) This gene encodes the 125-kDa catalytic subunit of DNA polymerase delta. DNA polymerase delta possesses both polymerase and 3' to 5' exonuclease activity and plays a critical role in DNA replication and repair. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been observed for this gene, and a pseudogene of this gene is located on the long arm of chromosome 6. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2012]

POLD1 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• POLD1-related polyposis and colorectal cancer syndrome

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: ClinGen
• colorectal cancer, susceptibility to, 10

  Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG, MODERATE Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Ambry Genetics, Genomics England PanelApp
• mandibular hypoplasia-deafness-progeroid syndrome

  Inheritance: AD, AR Classification: STRONG, SUPPORTIVE, LIMITED Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), PanelApp Australia, Genomics England PanelApp, Ambry Genetics, Orphanet, G2P
• Polymerase proofreading-related adenomatous polyposis

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• immunodeficiency 120

  Inheritance: AR Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: Ambry Genetics
• non-severe combined immunodeficiency due to polymerase delta deficiency

  Inheritance: AR Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: ClinGen

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Uncertain_significance. The variant received 0 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• BP4: Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.19744694).

Variant Effect in Transcripts

ACMG analysis was done for transcript: NM_002691.4. You can select a different transcript below to see updated ACMG assignments.

RefSeq Transcripts

Selected	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	POLD1	NM_002691.4	MANE Select	c.1891G>A	p.Gly631Ser	missense splice_region	Exon 15 of 27	NP_002682.2
	POLD1	NM_001308632.1		c.1969G>A	p.Gly657Ser	missense splice_region	Exon 14 of 26	NP_001295561.1
	POLD1	NM_001256849.1		c.1891G>A	p.Gly631Ser	missense splice_region	Exon 15 of 27	NP_001243778.1

Ensembl Transcripts

Selected	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	POLD1	ENST00000440232.7	TSL:1 MANE Select	c.1891G>A	p.Gly631Ser	missense splice_region	Exon 15 of 27	ENSP00000406046.1
	POLD1	ENST00000595904.6	TSL:1	c.1969G>A	p.Gly657Ser	missense splice_region	Exon 15 of 27	ENSP00000472445.1
	POLD1	ENST00000599857.7	TSL:1	c.1891G>A	p.Gly631Ser	missense splice_region	Exon 15 of 27	ENSP00000473052.1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 34

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:2

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Colorectal cancer, susceptibility to, 10 Uncertain:1

Feb 23, 2022

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This sequence change replaces glycine, which is neutral and non-polar, with serine, which is neutral and polar, at codon 631 of the POLD1 protein (p.Gly631Ser). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with POLD1-related conditions. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 537081). Algorithms developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function (SIFT, PolyPhen-2, Align-GVGD) all suggest that this variant is likely to be tolerated. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance.

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Uncertain:1

May 02, 2025

Ambry Genetics

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The p.G631S variant (also known as c.1891G>A), located in coding exon 14 of the POLD1 gene, results from a G to A substitution at nucleotide position 1891. The glycine at codon 631 is replaced by serine, an amino acid with similar properties. This amino acid position is conserved. In addition, this alteration is predicted to be tolerated by in silico analysis. Since supporting evidence is limited at this time, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear.

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.9

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Benign	0.13
BayesDel_addAF	Benign	-0.23	T
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.57
CADD	Benign	21
DANN	Uncertain	0.98
DEOGEN2	Benign	0.10	T
Eigen	Benign	-0.12
Eigen_PC	Benign	-0.014
FATHMM_MKL	Uncertain	0.95	D
LIST_S2	Uncertain	0.87	D
M_CAP	Benign	0.018	T
MetaRNN	Benign	0.20	T
MetaSVM	Benign	-1.1	T
MutationAssessor	Benign	1.6	L
PhyloP100		4.8
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.68	T
PROVEAN	Benign	-0.86	N
REVEL	Benign	0.049
Sift	Benign	0.15	T
Sift4G	Benign	0.37	T
Polyphen		0.018	B
Vest4		0.22
MutPred		0.34		Loss of methylation at K629 (P = 0.1127)
MVP		0.58
MPC		0.69
ClinPred		0.44	T
GERP RS		4.7
Varity_R		0.090
gMVP		0.55
Mutation Taster		=38/62	disease causing

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
dbscSNV1_ADA	Benign	0.0030
dbscSNV1_RF	Benign	0.094
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs1555791808; hg19: chr19-50912157;