NM_002691.4:c.2861C>G

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. The variant received 0 ACMG points: 0P and 0B.

The NM_002691.4(POLD1):c.2861C>G(p.Thr954Arg) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000219 in 1,549,956 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. T954M) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.00012 ( 0 hom., cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.000011 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

POLD1
NM_002691.4 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:6

Conservation

PhyloP100: 2.31

Publications

7 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

POLD1 (HGNC:9175): (DNA polymerase delta 1, catalytic subunit) This gene encodes the 125-kDa catalytic subunit of DNA polymerase delta. DNA polymerase delta possesses both polymerase and 3' to 5' exonuclease activity and plays a critical role in DNA replication and repair. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been observed for this gene, and a pseudogene of this gene is located on the long arm of chromosome 6. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2012]

POLD1 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

POLD1-related polyposis and colorectal cancer syndrome
Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: ClinGen
colorectal cancer, susceptibility to, 10
Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG, MODERATE Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Ambry Genetics, Genomics England PanelApp
mandibular hypoplasia-deafness-progeroid syndrome
Inheritance: AD, AR Classification: STRONG, SUPPORTIVE, LIMITED Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), PanelApp Australia, Genomics England PanelApp, Ambry Genetics, Orphanet, G2P
Polymerase proofreading-related adenomatous polyposis
Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
immunodeficiency 120
Inheritance: AR Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: Ambry Genetics
non-severe combined immunodeficiency due to polymerase delta deficiency
Inheritance: AR Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: ClinGen

POLD1 links:

ENSG00000142539 (HGNC:):

ENSG00000142539 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Uncertain_significance. The variant received 0 ACMG points.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
POLD1	NM_002691.4 link	c.2861C>G	p.Thr954Arg	missense_variant	Exon 23 of 27	ENST00000440232.7	NP_002682.2	P28340A0A024R4F4Q59FA0

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
POLD1	ENST00000440232.7 link	c.2861C>G	p.Thr954Arg	missense_variant	Exon 23 of 27	1	NM_002691.4	ENSP00000406046.1		P28340
ENSG00000142539	ENST00000599632.1 link	c.68C>G	p.Thr23Arg	missense_variant	Exon 2 of 10	5		ENSP00000473233.1		M0R3H8

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.000118

AC:

AN:

152238

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.000362

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.0000654

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.0000294

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD2 exomes

AF:

0.0000322

AC:

AN:

155388

AF XY:

0.0000486

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.000348

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.0000809

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.0000114

AC:

AN:

1397602

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000145

AC XY:

AN XY:

689518

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.000285

AC:

AN:

31580

American (AMR)

AF:

0.0000839

AC:

AN:

35774

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

25172

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

35806

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

79242

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

48294

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

4460

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

1079376

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.0000691

AC:

AN:

57898

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.459

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.000118

AC:

AN:

152354

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.000134

AC XY:

AN XY:

74508

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.000361

AC:

AN:

41588

American (AMR)

AF:

0.0000653

AC:

AN:

15310

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

3472

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5178

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

4834

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

10630

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

294

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.0000294

AC:

AN:

68022

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

2114

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.539

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Genome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

Alfa

AF:

0.0000225

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.000117

ExAC

AF:

0.0000195

AC:

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:6

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

not provided

Uncertain:2

Oct 19, 2017

Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute San Juan Capistrano

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Jan 17, 2025

GeneDx

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

In silico analysis supports that this missense variant has a deleterious effect on protein structure/function; In silico analysis suggests this variant may impact gene splicing. In the absence of RNA/functional studies, the actual effect of this sequence change is unknown.; This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 26344056, 35534704) -

POLD1-related disorder

Uncertain:1

Dec 19, 2023

PreventionGenetics, part of Exact Sciences

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:clinical testing

The POLD1 c.2861C>G variant is predicted to result in the amino acid substitution p.Thr954Arg. To our knowledge, this variant has not been reported in the literature. This variant is reported in 0.064% of alleles in individuals of African descent in gnomAD, which is higher than expected for a pathogenic variant. This variant is interpreted as uncertain in ClinVar (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/239314/). Although we suspect that this variant may be benign, at this time, the clinical significance of this variant is uncertain due to the absence of conclusive functional and genetic evidence. -

Colorectal cancer, susceptibility to, 10;C3715192:Mandibular hypoplasia-deafness-progeroid syndrome

Uncertain:1

Oct 31, 2018

Fulgent Genetics, Fulgent Genetics

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Colorectal cancer, susceptibility to, 10

Uncertain:1

Jan 17, 2025

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This sequence change replaces threonine, which is neutral and polar, with arginine, which is basic and polar, at codon 954 of the POLD1 protein (p.Thr954Arg). This variant is present in population databases (rs374016016, gnomAD 0.06%), and has an allele count higher than expected for a pathogenic variant. This missense change has been observed in individual(s) with breast cancer (PMID: 35534704). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 239314). Invitae Evidence Modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) indicates that this missense variant is expected to disrupt POLD1 protein function with a positive predictive value of 80%. RNA analysis performed to evaluate the impact of this missense change on mRNA splicing indicates it does not significantly alter splicing (internal data). In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome

Uncertain:1

Dec 20, 2024

Ambry Genetics

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

The p.T954R variant (also known as c.2861C>G), located in coding exon 22 of the POLD1 gene, results from a C to G substitution at nucleotide position 2861. The threonine at codon 954 is replaced by arginine, an amino acid with similar properties. This amino acid position is conserved. In addition, the in silico prediction for this alteration is inconclusive. Based on the available evidence, the clinical significance of this variant remains unclear. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Pathogenic

0.65

BayesDel_addAF

Benign

-0.21

BayesDel_noAF

Benign

-0.15

CADD

Pathogenic

(source)

DANN

Uncertain

0.99

DEOGEN2

Benign

0.31

T;.;.;T

Eigen

Uncertain

0.60

Eigen_PC

Uncertain

0.49

FATHMM_MKL

Uncertain

0.80

LIST_S2

Pathogenic

0.99

.;.;D;D

M_CAP

Pathogenic

0.29

MetaRNN

Uncertain

0.55

D;D;D;D

MetaSVM

Benign

-0.83

MutationAssessor

Pathogenic

3.0

M;.;.;M

PhyloP100

2.3

PrimateAI

Pathogenic

0.89

PROVEAN

Uncertain

-3.8

D;.;.;.

REVEL

Uncertain

0.36

Sift

Uncertain

0.013

D;.;.;.

Sift4G

Uncertain

0.035

D;D;D;D

Polyphen

0.99

D;.;.;D

Vest4

0.58

MutPred

0.72

Loss of phosphorylation at Y956 (P = 0.1832);.;.;Loss of phosphorylation at Y956 (P = 0.1832);

MVP

0.80

MPC

1.7

ClinPred

0.58

GERP RS

3.1

Varity_R

0.78

gMVP

0.85

Mutation Taster

=28/72

disease causing

(source)

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.27

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

DS_AG_spliceai

0.27

Position offset: 1

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

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Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

Age Distribution

Age Distribution

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over