NM_002691.4:c.2959G>A

Variant names:

• chr19-50416615-G-A
• rs985679759
• NM_002691.4:c.2959G>A

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. The variant received 0 ACMG points: 0P and 0B.

The NM_002691.4(POLD1):​c.2959G>A​(p.Asp987Asn) variant causes a missense change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000426 in 1,409,014 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. D987V) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 34)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000043 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: POLD1 NM_002691.4 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:4
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 5.10
• Publications: 3 publications found

Genes affected

POLD1 (HGNC:9175): (DNA polymerase delta 1, catalytic subunit) This gene encodes the 125-kDa catalytic subunit of DNA polymerase delta. DNA polymerase delta possesses both polymerase and 3' to 5' exonuclease activity and plays a critical role in DNA replication and repair. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been observed for this gene, and a pseudogene of this gene is located on the long arm of chromosome 6. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2012]

POLD1 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• POLD1-related polyposis and colorectal cancer syndrome

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: ClinGen
• colorectal cancer, susceptibility to, 10

  Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG, MODERATE Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Ambry Genetics, Genomics England PanelApp
• mandibular hypoplasia-deafness-progeroid syndrome

  Inheritance: AD, AR Classification: STRONG, SUPPORTIVE, LIMITED Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), PanelApp Australia, Genomics England PanelApp, Ambry Genetics, Orphanet, G2P
• Polymerase proofreading-related adenomatous polyposis

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• immunodeficiency 120

  Inheritance: AR Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: Ambry Genetics
• non-severe combined immunodeficiency due to polymerase delta deficiency

  Inheritance: AR Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: ClinGen

ENSG00000142539 (HGNC:):

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Uncertain_significance. The variant received 0 ACMG points.

Variant Effect in Transcripts

ACMG analysis was done for transcript: NM_002691.4. You can select a different transcript below to see updated ACMG assignments.

RefSeq Transcripts

Selected	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	POLD1	NM_002691.4	MANE Select	c.2959G>A	p.Asp987Asn	missense	Exon 24 of 27	NP_002682.2
	POLD1	NM_001308632.1		c.3037G>A	p.Asp1013Asn	missense	Exon 23 of 26	NP_001295561.1
	POLD1	NM_001256849.1		c.2959G>A	p.Asp987Asn	missense	Exon 24 of 27	NP_001243778.1

Ensembl Transcripts

Selected	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	POLD1	ENST00000440232.7	TSL:1 MANE Select	c.2959G>A	p.Asp987Asn	missense	Exon 24 of 27	ENSP00000406046.1
	POLD1	ENST00000595904.6	TSL:1	c.3037G>A	p.Asp1013Asn	missense	Exon 24 of 27	ENSP00000472445.1
	POLD1	ENST00000599857.7	TSL:1	c.2959G>A	p.Asp987Asn	missense	Exon 24 of 27	ENSP00000473052.1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 34

GnomAD2 exomes AF: 0.00000607 AC: 1 AN: 164820 AF XY: 0.00

Gnomad AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN exome AF: 0.0000871

Gnomad NFE exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00000426 AC: 6 AN: 1409014 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 34 AF XY: 0.00000287 AC XY: 2 AN XY: 697170

African (AFR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 32220

American (AMR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 37606

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 25276

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 36772

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 80442

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.0000229 AC: 1 AN: 43748

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 5288

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 0.00000275 AC: 3 AN: 1089104

Other (OTH) AF: 0.0000342 AC: 2 AN: 58558

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 34

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:4

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

not specified Uncertain:1

Mar 04, 2025

Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

not provided Uncertain:1

Apr 09, 2021

GeneDx

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

Not observed at a significant frequency in large population cohorts (Lek 2016); In silico analysis supports that this missense variant has a deleterious effect on protein structure/function; Has not been previously published as pathogenic or benign to our knowledge; This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 29056344)

Colorectal cancer, susceptibility to, 10 Uncertain:1

Jan 23, 2025

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This sequence change replaces aspartic acid, which is acidic and polar, with asparagine, which is neutral and polar, at codon 987 of the POLD1 protein (p.Asp987Asn). The frequency data for this variant in the population databases is considered unreliable, as metrics indicate poor data quality at this position in the gnomAD database. This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with POLD1-related conditions. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 469317). Invitae Evidence Modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) indicates that this missense variant is not expected to disrupt POLD1 protein function with a negative predictive value of 80%. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance.

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Uncertain:1

Jun 29, 2025

Ambry Genetics

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The p.D987N variant (also known as c.2959G>A), located in coding exon 23 of the POLD1 gene, results from a G to A substitution at nucleotide position 2959. The aspartic acid at codon 987 is replaced by asparagine, an amino acid with highly similar properties. This amino acid position is conserved. In addition, this alteration is predicted to be tolerated by in silico analysis. Based on the available evidence, the clinical significance of this variant remains unclear.

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.9

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Benign	0.11
BayesDel_addAF	Benign	-0.23	T
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.57
CADD	Pathogenic	27
DANN	Pathogenic	1.0
DEOGEN2	Uncertain	0.77	D
Eigen	Uncertain	0.62
Eigen_PC	Uncertain	0.46
FATHMM_MKL	Uncertain	0.94	D
LIST_S2	Pathogenic	0.99	D
M_CAP	Uncertain	0.17	D
MetaRNN	Uncertain	0.56	D
MetaSVM	Benign	-1.0	T
MutationAssessor	Pathogenic	3.5	H
PhyloP100		5.1
PrimateAI	Pathogenic	0.88	D
PROVEAN	Uncertain	-4.1	D
REVEL	Uncertain	0.30
Sift	Uncertain	0.0030	D
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.0080	D
Polyphen		0.92	P
Vest4		0.43
MutPred		0.54		Gain of MoRF binding (P = 0.0413)
MVP		0.70
MPC		1.3
ClinPred		0.99	D
GERP RS		2.7
Varity_R		0.61
gMVP		0.30
Mutation Taster		=40/60	disease causing

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs985679759; hg19: chr19-50919872;