NM_002693.3:c.2915G>C

Variant names:

• chr15-89320832-C-G
• rs200309005
• NM_002693.3:c.2915G>C

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely pathogenic. The variant received 6 ACMG points: 6P and 0B. PM1 PM2 PP3_Moderate

The NM_002693.3(POLG):​c.2915G>C​(p.Arg972Pro) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000000684 in 1,461,636 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. No clinical diagnostic laboratories have submitted clinical-significance assessments for this variant to ClinVar. Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. R972Q) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 33)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 6.8e-7 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: POLG NM_002693.3 missense
• Clinical Significance: Not reported in ClinVar
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 7.57
• Publications: 0 publications found

Genes affected

POLG (HGNC:9179): (DNA polymerase gamma, catalytic subunit) Mitochondrial DNA polymerase is heterotrimeric, consisting of a homodimer of accessory subunits plus a catalytic subunit. The protein encoded by this gene is the catalytic subunit of mitochondrial DNA polymerase. The encoded protein contains a polyglutamine tract near its N-terminus that may be polymorphic. Defects in this gene are a cause of progressive external ophthalmoplegia with mitochondrial DNA deletions 1 (PEOA1), sensory ataxic neuropathy dysarthria and ophthalmoparesis (SANDO), Alpers-Huttenlocher syndrome (AHS), and mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalopathy syndrome (MNGIE). Two transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

POLG Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• progressive external ophthalmoplegia with mitochondrial DNA deletions, autosomal dominant 1

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: G2P, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Ambry Genetics
• mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome 4a

  Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Ambry Genetics, Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Orphanet, G2P
• sensory ataxic neuropathy, dysarthria, and ophthalmoparesis

  Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Ambry Genetics, Orphanet, G2P
• autosomal dominant progressive external ophthalmoplegia

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• autosomal recessive progressive external ophthalmoplegia

  Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalomyopathy

  Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• recessive mitochondrial ataxia syndrome

  Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• spinocerebellar ataxia with epilepsy

  Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• Leigh syndrome

  Inheritance: AR Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: ClinGen

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Likely_pathogenic. The variant received 6 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a hotspot region, there are 2 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 0 benign, 11 uncertain in NM_002693.3
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.899

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
POLG	NM_002693.3	c.2915G>C	p.Arg972Pro	missense_variant	Exon 18 of 23	ENST00000268124.11	NP_002684.1
POLG	NM_001126131.2	c.2915G>C	p.Arg972Pro	missense_variant	Exon 18 of 23		NP_001119603.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
POLG	ENST00000268124.11	c.2915G>C	p.Arg972Pro	missense_variant	Exon 18 of 23	1	NM_002693.3	ENSP00000268124.5

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 33

GnomAD4 exome AF: 6.84e-7 AC: 1 AN: 1461636 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 34 AF XY: 0.00000138 AC XY: 1 AN XY: 727124

African (AFR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 33480

American (AMR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 44720

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 26136

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 39700

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 86256

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 53218

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 5750

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 8.99e-7 AC: 1 AN: 1111984

Other (OTH) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 60392

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 33

ClinVar

Not reported in ClinVar

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	0.98
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.36	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.28
CADD	Pathogenic	28
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Pathogenic	0.89	D;D
Eigen	Pathogenic	0.80
Eigen_PC	Pathogenic	0.78
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.97	D
LIST_S2	Uncertain	0.97	.;D
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.37	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.90	D;D
MetaSVM	Pathogenic	1.0	D
MutationAssessor	Uncertain	2.4	M;M
PhyloP100		7.6
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.69	T
PROVEAN	Uncertain	-3.1	D;D
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.81
Sift	Benign	0.11	T;T
Sift4G	Benign	0.15	T;T
Polyphen		1.0	D;D
Vest4		0.72
MutPred		0.51		Loss of MoRF binding (P = 0.0286);Loss of MoRF binding (P = 0.0286);
MVP		0.99
MPC		0.80
ClinPred		0.99	D
GERP RS		5.2
PromoterAI		0.0017	Neutral
Varity_R		0.74
gMVP		0.89

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.060		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs200309005; hg19: chr15-89864063;