NM_002880.4:c.835G>A

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely benign. The variant received -3 ACMG points: 1P and 4B. PP3BS2

The NM_002880.4(RAF1):c.835G>A(p.Asp279Asn) variant causes a missense, splice region change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000198 in 1,614,086 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 2/3 splice prediction tools predicting alterations to normal splicing. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. D279E) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.000046 ( 0 hom., cov: 33)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.000017 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

RAF1
NM_002880.4 missense, splice_region

Scores

Splicing: ADA: 0.9976

Clinical Significance

Uncertain significance reviewed by expert panel U:3B:2

Conservation

PhyloP100: 3.46

Publications

2 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

RAF1 (HGNC:9829): (Raf-1 proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase) This gene is the cellular homolog of viral raf gene (v-raf). The encoded protein is a MAP kinase kinase kinase (MAP3K), which functions downstream of the Ras family of membrane associated GTPases to which it binds directly. Once activated, the cellular RAF1 protein can phosphorylate to activate the dual specificity protein kinases MEK1 and MEK2, which in turn phosphorylate to activate the serine/threonine specific protein kinases, ERK1 and ERK2. Activated ERKs are pleiotropic effectors of cell physiology and play an important role in the control of gene expression involved in the cell division cycle, apoptosis, cell differentiation and cell migration. Mutations in this gene are associated with Noonan syndrome 5 and LEOPARD syndrome 2. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

RAF1 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

Noonan syndrome
Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet, ClinGen
Noonan syndrome 5
Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Ambry Genetics, PanelApp Australia, G2P
dilated cardiomyopathy 1NN
Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG, LIMITED Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Ambry Genetics
LEOPARD syndrome 2
Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
familial isolated dilated cardiomyopathy
Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
Noonan syndrome with multiple lentigines
Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE, LIMITED Submitted by: Orphanet, ClinGen
cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome
Inheritance: AD Classification: NO_KNOWN Submitted by: ClinGen
Costello syndrome
Inheritance: AD Classification: NO_KNOWN Submitted by: ClinGen

RAF1 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Likely_benign. The variant received -3 ACMG points.

PP3

Splicing predictors support a deleterious effect. Scorers claiming Pathogenic: dbscSNV1_ADA, dbscSNV1_RF. No scorers claiming Uncertain. Scorers claiming Benign: max_spliceai.

BS2

High AC in GnomAd4 at 7 AD gene.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
RAF1	NM_002880.4 link	c.835G>A	p.Asp279Asn	missense_variant, splice_region_variant	Exon 8 of 17	ENST00000251849.9	NP_002871.1	P04049-1L7RRS6

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
RAF1	ENST00000251849.9 link	c.835G>A	p.Asp279Asn	missense_variant, splice_region_variant	Exon 8 of 17	1	NM_002880.4	ENSP00000251849.4		P04049-1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.0000460

AC:

AN:

152116

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.000769

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.000622

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD2 exomes

AF:

0.0000597

AC:

AN:

251426

AF XY:

0.0000589

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.000381

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.000163

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.0000171

AC:

AN:

1461852

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000206

AC XY:

AN XY:

727224

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

33480

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

44724

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

26136

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.0000504

AC:

AN:

39700

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.000151

AC:

AN:

86254

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

53412

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5764

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

8.99e-7

AC:

AN:

1111988

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.000149

AC:

AN:

60394

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.495

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.0000460

AC:

AN:

152234

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000537

AC XY:

AN XY:

74436

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

41538

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

15286

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

3470

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.000771

AC:

AN:

5190

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.000622

AC:

AN:

4822

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

10600

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

294

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

68014

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

2112

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.554

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Alfa

AF:

0.00

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.00000756

ExAC

AF:

0.0000741

AC:

Asia WGS

AF:

0.000577

AC:

AN:

3478

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:3Benign:2

Revision: reviewed by expert panel

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

RASopathy

Uncertain:2

Jan 22, 2025

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This sequence change replaces aspartic acid, which is acidic and polar, with asparagine, which is neutral and polar, at codon 279 of the RAF1 protein (p.Asp279Asn). This variant is present in population databases (rs368796800, gnomAD 0.03%). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with RAF1-related conditions. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 181510). An algorithm developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function (PolyPhen-2) suggests that this variant¬†is likely to be tolerated. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Sep 24, 2019

ClinGen RASopathy Variant Curation Expert Panel

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:reviewed by expert panel

Collection Method:curation

The c.835G>A (p.Asp279Asn) variant in RAF1 has been identified in 0.01786% (lower bound of the 95% CI of 7/18394) of East Asian chromosomes in gnomAD (BS1 not met; https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org). Computational prediction tools and conservation analyses do not provide strong support for or against an impact to the protein. This variant has been observed in several individuals with varying clinical presentations that lack clear associations with a RASopathy. It was also seen in 13 individuals clinically unaffected with a RASopathy (BS2; GeneDx internal data). In summary, the clinical significance of this variant is uncertain. ACMG/AMP Criteria applied: BS2. -

Cardiovascular phenotype

Uncertain:1

Oct 22, 2021

Ambry Genetics

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

The p.D279N variant (also known as c.835G>A), located in coding exon 7 of the RAF1 gene, results from a G to A substitution at nucleotide position 835. This variant impacts the first base pair of coding exon 7. The aspartic acid at codon 279 is replaced by asparagine, an amino acid with highly similar properties. This amino acid position is well conserved in available vertebrate species. In addition, this alteration is predicted to be tolerated by in silico analysis. Since supporting evidence is limited at this time, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. -

not specified

Benign:1

Oct 01, 2024

Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Variant summary: RAF1 c.835G>A (p.Asp279Asn) alters a conserved nucleotide located at the exon-intron boundary of the RAF1 gene resulting in a conservative amino acid change in the encoded protein sequence. Four of five in-silico tools predict a benign effect of the variant on protein function. 5/5 computational tools via ALAMUT predict no significant impact on normal splicing. Another in-silico tool for assessing the pathogenicity of synonymous variants, namely TraP (Transcript-inferred Pathogenicity, Gelfman_2017) predicts this variant to be benign. However, these predictions have yet to be confirmed by functional studies. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 6e-05 in 251426 control chromosomes (gnomAD). The observed variant frequency is approximately 2-fold of the estimated maximal expected allele frequency for a pathogenic variant in RAF1 causing Noonan Syndrome and Related Conditions phenotype (2.5e-05), strongly suggesting that the variant is benign. To our knowledge, no occurrence of c.835G>A in individuals affected with Noonan Syndrome and Related Conditions and no experimental evidence demonstrating its impact on protein function have been reported. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 181510). Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as likely benign. -

not provided

Benign:1

Jul 09, 2018

GeneDx

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Benign

0.16

BayesDel_addAF

Benign

-0.21

BayesDel_noAF

Benign

-0.23

CADD

Pathogenic

(source)

DANN

Uncertain

1.0

DEOGEN2

Uncertain

0.52

D;.;T

Eigen

Uncertain

0.25

Eigen_PC

Uncertain

0.39

FATHMM_MKL

Pathogenic

0.99

LIST_S2

Uncertain

0.88

D;T;D

M_CAP

Benign

0.085

MetaRNN

Benign

0.085

T;T;T

MetaSVM

Benign

-0.40

MutationAssessor

Uncertain

2.6

M;.;.

PhyloP100

3.5

PrimateAI

Uncertain

0.68

PROVEAN

Benign

-1.2

N;N;N

REVEL

Benign

0.24

Sift

Benign

0.12

T;T;T

Sift4G

Benign

0.24

T;T;T

Polyphen

0.41

B;.;.

Vest4

0.58

MutPred

0.20

Gain of glycosylation at S283 (P = 0.0075);.;.;

MVP

0.80

MPC

0.46

ClinPred

0.086

GERP RS

5.6

RBP_binding_hub_radar

0.0

RBP_regulation_power_radar

1.7

Varity_R

0.12

gMVP

0.46

Mutation Taster

=67/33

polymorphism

(source)

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

dbscSNV1_ADA

Pathogenic

1.0

dbscSNV1_RF

Pathogenic

0.81

SpliceAI score (max)

0.050

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

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Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

Age Distribution

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over