NM_004304.5:c.3574C>G

Variant names:

• chr2-29220777-G-C
• rs534852056
• NM_004304.5:c.3574C>G

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. The variant received 0 ACMG points: 4P and 4B. PM5 PP3_Moderate BS2

The NM_004304.5(ALK):​c.3574C>G​(p.Arg1192Gly) variant causes a missense change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000958 in 1,461,768 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. R1192Q) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000096 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: ALK NM_004304.5 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:3
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 4.62
• Publications: 8 publications found

Genes affected

ALK (HGNC:427): (ALK receptor tyrosine kinase) This gene encodes a receptor tyrosine kinase, which belongs to the insulin receptor superfamily. This protein comprises an extracellular domain, an hydrophobic stretch corresponding to a single pass transmembrane region, and an intracellular kinase domain. It plays an important role in the development of the brain and exerts its effects on specific neurons in the nervous system. This gene has been found to be rearranged, mutated, or amplified in a series of tumours including anaplastic large cell lymphomas, neuroblastoma, and non-small cell lung cancer. The chromosomal rearrangements are the most common genetic alterations in this gene, which result in creation of multiple fusion genes in tumourigenesis, including ALK (chromosome 2)/EML4 (chromosome 2), ALK/RANBP2 (chromosome 2), ALK/ATIC (chromosome 2), ALK/TFG (chromosome 3), ALK/NPM1 (chromosome 5), ALK/SQSTM1 (chromosome 5), ALK/KIF5B (chromosome 10), ALK/CLTC (chromosome 17), ALK/TPM4 (chromosome 19), and ALK/MSN (chromosome X).[provided by RefSeq, Jan 2011]

ALK Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• neuroblastoma, susceptibility to, 3

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: G2P, ClinGen, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Ambry Genetics

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Uncertain_significance. The variant received 0 ACMG points.

• PM5: Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chr2-29220776-C-G is described in ClinVar as Pathogenic. ClinVar VariationId is 18085.Status of the report is criteria_provided_single_submitter, 1 stars.
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.921
• BS2: High AC in GnomAdExome4 at 14 AD gene.

Variant Effect in Transcripts

ACMG analysis was done for transcript: NM_004304.5. You can select a different transcript below to see updated ACMG assignments.

RefSeq Transcripts

Selected	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	ALK	NM_004304.5	MANE Select	c.3574C>G	p.Arg1192Gly	missense	Exon 23 of 29	NP_004295.2
	ALK	NM_001353765.2		c.370C>G	p.Arg124Gly	missense	Exon 4 of 10	NP_001340694.1

Ensembl Transcripts

Selected	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	ALK	ENST00000389048.8	TSL:1 MANE Select	c.3574C>G	p.Arg1192Gly	missense	Exon 23 of 29	ENSP00000373700.3
	ALK	ENST00000638605.1	TSL:1	n.451C>G		non_coding_transcript_exon	Exon 5 of 11
	ALK	ENST00000618119.4	TSL:5	c.2443C>G	p.Arg815Gly	missense	Exon 22 of 28	ENSP00000482733.1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD2 exomes AF: 0.00000398 AC: 1 AN: 251224 AF XY: 0.00000736

Gnomad AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS exome AF: 0.0000544

Gnomad FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00000958 AC: 14 AN: 1461768 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 31 AF XY: 0.0000151 AC XY: 11 AN XY: 727176

African (AFR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 33478

American (AMR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 44720

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 26132

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.000126 AC: 5 AN: 39692

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.0000348 AC: 3 AN: 86252

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 53420

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 5766

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 0.00000450 AC: 5 AN: 1111922

Other (OTH) AF: 0.0000166 AC: 1 AN: 60386

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

Alfa AF: 0.00 Hom.: 0

Bravo AF: 0.00000756

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:3

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Neuroblastoma, susceptibility to, 3 Uncertain:1

Dec 09, 2024

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This sequence change replaces arginine, which is basic and polar, with glycine, which is neutral and non-polar, at codon 1192 of the ALK protein (p.Arg1192Gly). This variant is present in population databases (no rsID available, gnomAD 0.006%). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with ALK-related conditions. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 538242). An algorithm developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function (PolyPhen-2) suggests that this variant is likely to be disruptive. Experimental studies have shown that this missense change affects ALK function (PMID: 26002608). This variant disrupts the p.Arg1192 amino acid residue in ALK. Other variant(s) that disrupt this residue have been determined to be pathogenic (PMID: 18724359, 18923523, 21838707, 22071890). This suggests that this residue is clinically significant, and that variants that disrupt this residue are likely to be disease-causing. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance.

not provided Uncertain:1

Oct 18, 2023

GeneDx

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

Not observed at significant frequency in large population cohorts (gnomAD); In silico analysis supports that this missense variant has a deleterious effect on protein structure/function; Published functional studies demonstrate increased activation and transformation of ALK as compared to wild type (Togashi et al., 2015); This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 26002608)

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Uncertain:1

Apr 01, 2024

Ambry Genetics

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The p.R1192G variant (also known as c.3574C>G), located in coding exon 23 of the ALK gene, results from a C to G substitution at nucleotide position 3574. The arginine at codon 1192 is replaced by glycine, an amino acid with dissimilar properties. In a functional study, this alteration showed increased levels of ALK phosphorylation and increased transformative activity compared to wild-type ALK, and also displayed sensitivity to ALK inhibitors (Togashi Y et al. Ann. Oncol., 2015 Aug;26:1800-1). This amino acid position is highly conserved in available vertebrate species. In addition, this alteration is predicted to be deleterious by in silico analysis. Since supporting evidence is limited at this time, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear.

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.9

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	0.99
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.27	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.32
CADD	Pathogenic	29
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Benign	0.089	T
Eigen	Uncertain	0.46
Eigen_PC	Uncertain	0.48
FATHMM_MKL	Uncertain	0.96	D
LIST_S2	Benign	0.67	T
M_CAP	Uncertain	0.15	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.92	D
MetaSVM	Uncertain	0.39	D
MutationAssessor	Benign	0.74	N
PhyloP100		4.6
PrimateAI	Pathogenic	0.86	D
PROVEAN	Pathogenic	-6.9	D
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.81
Sift	Uncertain	0.0030	D
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.0020	D
Polyphen		1.0	D
Vest4		0.91
MutPred		0.78		Loss of MoRF binding (P = 0.1748)
MVP		0.98
MPC		0.76
ClinPred		0.93	D
GERP RS		4.7
Varity_R		0.93
gMVP		0.81
Mutation Taster		=46/54	disease causing

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs534852056; hg19: chr2-29443643; COSMIC: COSV106112014;