NM_004655.4:c.2024G>A

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Benign. The variant received -7 ACMG points: 0P and 7B. BP4_ModerateBP6BS2

The NM_004655.4(AXIN2):c.2024G>A(p.Arg675His) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000562 in 1,601,284 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 15/20 in silico tools predict a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity (no stars). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. R675C) has been classified as Likely benign.

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.0000068 ( 0 hom., cov: 33)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000055 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

AXIN2
NM_004655.4 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity criteria provided, conflicting classifications U:3B:1

Conservation

PhyloP100: 0.329

Publications

0 publications found

Variant links:

COSMIC-nc: COSV61061784

Genes affected

AXIN2 (HGNC:904): (axin 2) The Axin-related protein, Axin2, presumably plays an important role in the regulation of the stability of beta-catenin in the Wnt signaling pathway, like its rodent homologs, mouse conductin/rat axil. In mouse, conductin organizes a multiprotein complex of APC (adenomatous polyposis of the colon), beta-catenin, glycogen synthase kinase 3-beta, and conductin, which leads to the degradation of beta-catenin. Apparently, the deregulation of beta-catenin is an important event in the genesis of a number of malignancies. The AXIN2 gene has been mapped to 17q23-q24, a region that shows frequent loss of heterozygosity in breast cancer, neuroblastoma, and other tumors. Mutations in this gene have been associated with colorectal cancer with defective mismatch repair. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

AXIN2 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

oligodontia-cancer predisposition syndrome
Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: ClinGen, Ambry Genetics, Orphanet, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
tooth agenesis
Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
craniosynostosis
Inheritance: AD Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: Ambry Genetics

AXIN2 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Benign. The variant received -7 ACMG points.

BP4

Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.16613743).

BP6

Variant 17-65536437-C-T is Benign according to our data. Variant chr17-65536437-C-T is described in ClinVar as [Conflicting_classifications_of_pathogenicity]. Clinvar id is 182011.We mark this variant Likely_benign, oryginal submission is: [Conflicting_classifications_of_pathogenicity].

BS2

High AC in GnomAdExome4 at 8 AD gene.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
AXIN2	NM_004655.4 link	c.2024G>A	p.Arg675His	missense_variant	Exon 8 of 11	ENST00000307078.10	NP_004646.3	Q9Y2T1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	UniProt
AXIN2	ENST00000307078.10 link	c.2024G>A	p.Arg675His	missense_variant	Exon 8 of 11	1	NM_004655.4	ENSP00000302625.5	Q9Y2T1
AXIN2	ENST00000375702.5 link	c.1829G>A	p.Arg610His	missense_variant	Exon 6 of 9	1		ENSP00000364854.5	E7ES00
AXIN2	ENST00000618960.4 link	c.1829G>A	p.Arg610His	missense_variant	Exon 7 of 10	5		ENSP00000478916.1	E7ES00
AXIN2	ENST00000578251.1 link	n.246G>A		non_coding_transcript_exon_variant	Exon 1 of 3	3

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.00000684

AC:

AN:

146144

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.0000147

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.00000550

AC:

AN:

1455140

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.00000828

AC XY:

AN XY:

724328

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

28682

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

44362

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

26106

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

39696

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

86188

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

53010

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5702

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.00000720

AC:

AN:

1111624

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

59770

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.506

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.00000684

AC:

AN:

146144

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.00

AC XY:

AN XY:

71580

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

35702

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

15088

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

3472

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5190

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

4832

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

10612

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

306

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.0000147

AC:

AN:

67990

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

2040

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.575

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Alfa

AF:

0.00

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.0000113

ClinVar

Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity

Submissions summary: Uncertain:3Benign:1

Revision: criteria provided, conflicting classifications

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Oligodontia-cancer predisposition syndrome

Uncertain:1

Nov 18, 2024

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This sequence change replaces arginine, which is basic and polar, with histidine, which is basic and polar, at codon 675 of the AXIN2 protein (p.Arg675His). This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with AXIN2-related conditions. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 182011). An algorithm developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function outputs the following: PolyPhen-2: "Benign". The histidine amino acid residue is found in multiple mammalian species, which suggests that this missense change does not adversely affect protein function. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Colorectal cancer

Uncertain:1

Jan 03, 2024

Baylor Genetics

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

not provided

Uncertain:1

Aug 05, 2022

GeneDx

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Not observed at significant frequency in large population cohorts (gnomAD); In silico analysis supports that this missense variant does not alter protein structure/function; Has not been previously published as pathogenic or benign to our knowledge; This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 15735151) -

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome

Benign:1

Nov 21, 2023

Ambry Genetics

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This alteration is classified as likely benign based on a combination of the following: seen in unaffected individuals, population frequency, intact protein function, lack of segregation with disease, co-occurrence, RNA analysis, in silico models, amino acid conservation, lack of disease association in case-control studies, and/or the mechanism of disease or impacted region is inconsistent with a known cause of pathogenicity. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Benign

0.089

BayesDel_addAF

Benign

-0.13

BayesDel_noAF

Benign

-0.43

CADD

Benign

(source)

DANN

Uncertain

1.0

DEOGEN2

Benign

0.25

.;T;T

Eigen

Benign

-0.50

Eigen_PC

Benign

-0.30

FATHMM_MKL

Benign

0.42

LIST_S2

Benign

0.79

.;T;.

M_CAP

Benign

0.045

MetaRNN

Benign

0.17

T;T;T

MetaSVM

Benign

-1.1

PhyloP100

0.33

PrimateAI

Benign

0.42

PROVEAN

Benign

-0.64

N;.;N

REVEL

Benign

0.088

Sift

Benign

0.14

T;.;D

Sift4G

Benign

0.17

T;T;T

Polyphen

0.0080

.;B;B

Vest4

0.36

MutPred

0.25

Loss of methylation at R675 (P = 0.025);.;.;

MVP

0.66

MPC

0.22

ClinPred

0.39

GERP RS

3.2

gMVP

0.21

Mutation Taster

=95/5

polymorphism

(source)

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.030

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

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Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

Age Distribution

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over