NM_004655.4:c.2333G>T

Variant names:

• chr17-65533984-C-A
• rs1555576374
• NM_004655.4:c.2333G>T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. The variant received 4 ACMG points: 4P and 0B. PM2 PP3_Moderate

The NM_004655.4(AXIN2):​c.2333G>T​(p.Arg778Leu) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. R778Q) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 33)
• Consequence: AXIN2 NM_004655.4 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, single submitter U:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 7.52
• Publications: 0 publications found

Genes affected

AXIN2 (HGNC:904): (axin 2) The Axin-related protein, Axin2, presumably plays an important role in the regulation of the stability of beta-catenin in the Wnt signaling pathway, like its rodent homologs, mouse conductin/rat axil. In mouse, conductin organizes a multiprotein complex of APC (adenomatous polyposis of the colon), beta-catenin, glycogen synthase kinase 3-beta, and conductin, which leads to the degradation of beta-catenin. Apparently, the deregulation of beta-catenin is an important event in the genesis of a number of malignancies. The AXIN2 gene has been mapped to 17q23-q24, a region that shows frequent loss of heterozygosity in breast cancer, neuroblastoma, and other tumors. Mutations in this gene have been associated with colorectal cancer with defective mismatch repair. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

AXIN2 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• oligodontia-cancer predisposition syndrome

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: ClinGen, Ambry Genetics, Orphanet, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
• tooth agenesis

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• craniosynostosis

  Inheritance: AD Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: Ambry Genetics

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Uncertain_significance. The variant received 4 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.886

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
AXIN2	NM_004655.4	c.2333G>T	p.Arg778Leu	missense_variant	Exon 10 of 11	ENST00000307078.10	NP_004646.3

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
AXIN2	ENST00000307078.10	c.2333G>T	p.Arg778Leu	missense_variant	Exon 10 of 11	1	NM_004655.4	ENSP00000302625.5
AXIN2	ENST00000375702.5	c.2138G>T	p.Arg713Leu	missense_variant	Exon 8 of 9	1		ENSP00000364854.5
AXIN2	ENST00000618960.4	c.2138G>T	p.Arg713Leu	missense_variant	Exon 9 of 10	5		ENSP00000478916.1
AXIN2	ENST00000578251.1	n.555G>T		non_coding_transcript_exon_variant	Exon 3 of 3	3

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 33

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 33

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 33

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:1

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

Submissions by phenotype

Oligodontia-cancer predisposition syndrome Uncertain:1

Jul 31, 2019

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This sequence change replaces arginine with leucine at codon 778 of the AXIN2 protein (p.Arg778Leu). The arginine residue is highly conserved and there is a moderate physicochemical difference between arginine and leucine. This variant is not present in population databases (ExAC no frequency). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals with AXIN2-related conditions. Algorithms developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function (SIFT, PolyPhen-2, Align-GVGD) all suggest that this variant is likely to be disruptive, but these predictions have not been confirmed by published functional studies and their clinical significance is uncertain. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	0.94
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.25	D
BayesDel_noAF	Uncertain	0.12
CADD	Pathogenic	33
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Benign	0.40	.;T;T
Eigen	Uncertain	0.67
Eigen_PC	Pathogenic	0.72
FATHMM_MKL	Uncertain	0.96	D
LIST_S2	Uncertain	0.93	.;D;.
M_CAP	Benign	0.048	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.89	D;D;D
MetaSVM	Benign	-0.77	T
PhyloP100		7.5
PrimateAI	Pathogenic	0.85	D
PROVEAN	Pathogenic	-5.7	D;.;D
REVEL	Uncertain	0.59
Sift	Uncertain	0.0050	D;.;D
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.0070	D;D;D
Polyphen		1.0	.;D;D
Vest4		0.91
MutPred		0.69		Gain of sheet (P = 0.0344);.;.;
MVP		0.50
MPC		0.68
ClinPred		0.99	D
GERP RS		5.7
RBP_binding_hub_radar		0.0
RBP_regulation_power_radar		1.0
gMVP		0.73
Mutation Taster		=45/55	disease causing

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.030		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs1555576374; hg19: chr17-63530102;