NM_004655.4:c.923C>T

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely benign. Variant got -3 ACMG points: 1P and 4B. PP3BS2

The NM_004655.4(AXIN2):c.923C>T(p.Thr308Met) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000186 in 1,611,822 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★).

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.000033 ( 0 hom., cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.000017 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

AXIN2
NM_004655.4 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:4

Conservation

PhyloP100: 9.94

Variant links:

Genes affected

AXIN2 (HGNC:904): (axin 2) The Axin-related protein, Axin2, presumably plays an important role in the regulation of the stability of beta-catenin in the Wnt signaling pathway, like its rodent homologs, mouse conductin/rat axil. In mouse, conductin organizes a multiprotein complex of APC (adenomatous polyposis of the colon), beta-catenin, glycogen synthase kinase 3-beta, and conductin, which leads to the degradation of beta-catenin. Apparently, the deregulation of beta-catenin is an important event in the genesis of a number of malignancies. The AXIN2 gene has been mapped to 17q23-q24, a region that shows frequent loss of heterozygosity in breast cancer, neuroblastoma, and other tumors. Mutations in this gene have been associated with colorectal cancer with defective mismatch repair. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

AXIN2 links:

ENSG00000266076 (HGNC:):

ENSG00000266076 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification made for transcript

Verdict is Likely_benign. Variant got -3 ACMG points.

PP3

MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.756

BS2

High AC in GnomAd4 at 5 AD gene.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
AXIN2	NM_004655.4 link	c.923C>T	p.Thr308Met	missense_variant	Exon 3 of 11	ENST00000307078.10	NP_004646.3	Q9Y2T1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	UniProt
AXIN2	ENST00000307078.10 link	c.923C>T	p.Thr308Met	missense_variant	Exon 3 of 11	1	NM_004655.4	ENSP00000302625.5	Q9Y2T1
ENSG00000266076	ENST00000577662.1 link	n.*1099C>T		non_coding_transcript_exon_variant	Exon 5 of 7	2		ENSP00000462418.1	J3KSC3
ENSG00000266076	ENST00000577662.1 link	n.*1099C>T		3_prime_UTR_variant	Exon 5 of 7	2		ENSP00000462418.1	J3KSC3

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.0000329

AC:

AN:

152200

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.0000241

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.000207

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.000282

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD3 exomes

AF:

0.0000568

AC:

AN:

246492

Hom.:

AF XY:

0.0000601

AC XY:

AN XY:

133168

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.000564

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.0000179

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.0000171

AC:

AN:

1459504

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000152

AC XY:

AN XY:

725808

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR exome

AF:

0.0000299

Gnomad4 AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome

AF:

0.0000252

Gnomad4 SAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome

AF:

0.000375

Gnomad4 NFE exome

AF:

9.00e-7

Gnomad4 OTH exome

AF:

0.0000166

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.0000328

AC:

AN:

152318

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000269

AC XY:

AN XY:

74484

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR

AF:

0.0000241

Gnomad4 AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS

AF:

0.000207

Gnomad4 FIN

AF:

0.000282

Gnomad4 NFE

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 OTH

AF:

0.00

Alfa

AF:

0.0000278

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.0000113

ExAC

AF:

0.0000165

AC:

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:4

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome

Uncertain:2

Nov 02, 2021

Sema4, Sema4

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: curation

- -

Mar 07, 2023

Ambry Genetics

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The p.T308M variant (also known as c.923C>T), located in coding exon 2 of the AXIN2 gene, results from a C to T substitution at nucleotide position 923. The threonine at codon 308 is replaced by methionine, an amino acid with similar properties. This variant has been reported as de novo in a Chinese patient with non-syndromic oligodontia at age 12 (Wong S et al. Arch. Oral Biol., 2014 Mar;59:349-53). This variant has also been reported in two Finnish patients diagnosed with breast cancer before age 50 (Tervasmäki A et al. Int. J. Cancer, 2018 06;142:2286-2292). This amino acid position is highly conserved in available vertebrate species. In addition, this alteration is predicted to be deleterious by in silico analysis. Since supporting evidence is limited at this time, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. -

Oligodontia-cancer predisposition syndrome

Uncertain:1

Feb 02, 2025

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This sequence change replaces threonine, which is neutral and polar, with methionine, which is neutral and non-polar, at codon 308 of the AXIN2 protein (p.Thr308Met). This variant is present in population databases (rs779083840, gnomAD 0.06%), and has an allele count higher than expected for a pathogenic variant. This missense change has been observed in individual(s) with non-syndromic oligodontia (PMID: 24581859). In at least one individual the variant was observed to be de novo. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 464647). An algorithm developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function (PolyPhen-2) suggests that this variant is likely to be disruptive. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

AXIN2-related disorder

Uncertain:1

Mar 08, 2023

PreventionGenetics, part of Exact Sciences

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The AXIN2 c.923C>T variant is predicted to result in the amino acid substitution p.Thr308Met. This variant has been reported de novo in an individual with non-syndromic oligodontia (Wong et al. 2014. PubMed ID: 24581859). This variant has also been reported in 2 unrelated individuals with breast cancer and a family history of gastric, uterine, and breast cancer (Table S1, Tervasmäki et al. 2018. PubMed ID: 29341116). This variant is reported in 0.057% of alleles in individuals of European (Finnish) descent in gnomAD (http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/17-63545671-G-A) and is interpreted as uncertain significance (https://preview.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/464647/). At this time, the clinical significance of this variant is uncertain due to the absence of conclusive functional and genetic evidence. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Uncertain

0.42

BayesDel_addAF

Pathogenic

0.34

BayesDel_noAF

Pathogenic

0.26

CADD

Pathogenic

DANN

Pathogenic

1.0

DEOGEN2

Benign

0.39

.;T;T

Eigen

Pathogenic

0.91

Eigen_PC

Pathogenic

0.88

FATHMM_MKL

Pathogenic

0.98

LIST_S2

Uncertain

0.97

.;D;.

M_CAP

Uncertain

0.14

MetaRNN

Pathogenic

0.76

D;D;D

MetaSVM

Uncertain

0.52

PrimateAI

Uncertain

0.73

PROVEAN

Uncertain

-3.2

D;.;D

REVEL

Pathogenic

0.85

Sift

Uncertain

0.024

D;.;D

Sift4G

Uncertain

0.0020

D;D;D

Polyphen

1.0

.;D;D

Vest4

0.84

MutPred

0.19

Loss of phosphorylation at T308 (P = 0.0147);Loss of phosphorylation at T308 (P = 0.0147);Loss of phosphorylation at T308 (P = 0.0147);

MVP

0.77

MPC

0.73

ClinPred

0.69

GERP RS

5.9

gMVP

0.53

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Below is the list of publications found by LitVar. It may be empty.

Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over