NM_005343.4:c.35_36delGCinsTA

Variant names:

• chr11-534287-GC-TA
• rs727503094
• NM_005343.4:c.35_36delGCinsTA

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. The variant received 15 ACMG points: 15P and 0B. PS1_Very_Strong PM1 PM5 PP3 PP5_Moderate

The NM_005343.4(HRAS):​c.35_36delGCinsTA​(p.Gly12Val) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. It is difficult to determine the true allele frequency of this variant because it is of type MNV, and the frequency of such variant types in population databases may be underestimated and unreliable. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (★). Another nucleotide change resulting in the same amino acid substitution has been previously reported as Pathogenic in ClinVar. Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. G12S) has been classified as Pathogenic.

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 34)
• Consequence: HRAS NM_005343.4 missense
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic criteria provided, single submitter P:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 7.82
• Publications: 41 publications found

Genes affected

HRAS (HGNC:5173): (HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase) This gene belongs to the Ras oncogene family, whose members are related to the transforming genes of mammalian sarcoma retroviruses. The products encoded by these genes function in signal transduction pathways. These proteins can bind GTP and GDP, and they have intrinsic GTPase activity. This protein undergoes a continuous cycle of de- and re-palmitoylation, which regulates its rapid exchange between the plasma membrane and the Golgi apparatus. Mutations in this gene cause Costello syndrome, a disease characterized by increased growth at the prenatal stage, growth deficiency at the postnatal stage, predisposition to tumor formation, cognitive disability, skin and musculoskeletal abnormalities, distinctive facial appearance and cardiovascular abnormalities. Defects in this gene are implicated in a variety of cancers, including bladder cancer, follicular thyroid cancer, and oral squamous cell carcinoma. Multiple transcript variants, which encode different isoforms, have been identified for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

LRRC56 (HGNC:25430): (leucine rich repeat containing 56) Predicted to be involved in cell projection organization. Predicted to be located in cilium. Implicated in primary ciliary dyskinesia 39. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Apr 2022]

LRRC56 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• ciliary dyskinesia, primary, 39

  Inheritance: AR Classification: STRONG, MODERATE, LIMITED Submitted by: PanelApp Australia, Ambry Genetics, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
• primary ciliary dyskinesia

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Pathogenic. The variant received 15 ACMG points.

• PS1: Transcript NM_005343.4 (HRAS) is affected with MISSENSE_VARIANT having same AA change as one Pathogenic present in ClinVar.
• PM1: In a hotspot region, there are 5 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 0 benign, 13 uncertain in NM_005343.4
• PM5: Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chr11-534289-C-T is described in ClinVar as Pathogenic. ClinVar VariationId is 12602.Status of the report is reviewed_by_expert_panel, 3 stars.
• PP3: No computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, but strongly conserved according to phyloP
• PP5: Variant 11-534287-GC-TA is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr11-534287-GC-TA is described in ClinVar as Pathogenic. ClinVar VariationId is 279921.Status of the report is criteria_provided_single_submitter, 1 stars.

Variant Effect in Transcripts

ACMG analysis was done for transcript: NM_005343.4. You can select a different transcript below to see updated ACMG assignments.

RefSeq Transcripts

Selected	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	HRAS	NM_005343.4	MANE Select	c.35_36delGCinsTA	p.Gly12Val	missense	N/A	NP_005334.1
	HRAS	NM_176795.5	MANE Plus Clinical	c.35_36delGCinsTA	p.Gly12Val	missense	N/A	NP_789765.1
	HRAS	NM_001130442.3		c.35_36delGCinsTA	p.Gly12Val	missense	N/A	NP_001123914.1

Ensembl Transcripts

Selected	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	HRAS	ENST00000311189.8	TSL:1 MANE Select	c.35_36delGCinsTA	p.Gly12Val	missense	N/A	ENSP00000309845.7
	HRAS	ENST00000417302.7	TSL:5 MANE Plus Clinical	c.35_36delGCinsTA	p.Gly12Val	missense	N/A	ENSP00000388246.1
	HRAS	ENST00000493230.5	TSL:1	n.35_36delGCinsTA		non_coding_transcript_exon	Exon 2 of 7	ENSP00000434023.1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 34

We have no GnomAD4 exomes data on this position. Probably position not covered by the project.

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 34

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:1

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

Submissions by phenotype

not provided Pathogenic:1

Apr 26, 2016

GeneDx

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The in-frame G12V pathogenic variant in the HRAS gene has been reported previously as a de novo variant in several unrelated individuals with a severe presentation of Costello syndrome (Burkitt-Wright et al., 2012). The G12V variant alters GTP and GDP dissociation rates resulting in increased active GTP-bound HRAS, which upregulates the Ras/MAPK pathway (Wey et al., 2013). The G12V variant was not observed in approximately 6500 individuals of European and African American ancestry in the NHLBI Exome Sequencing Project, indicating it is not a common benign variant in these populations. The G12V variant is a conservative amino acid substitution, which is not likely to impact secondary protein structure as these residues share similar properties. Missense variants at the same residue (G12S, G12C, G12D, G12A) as well as in nearby residues (G13C, G13D) have been reported in the Human Gene Mutation Database in association with Costello syndrome (Stenson et al., 2014), supporting the functional importance of this region of the protein. We interpret G12V as a pathogenic variant.

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.9

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
PhyloP100		7.8
Mutation Taster		=0/100	disease causing

Splicing

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs727503094; hg19: chr11-534287;