NM_006265.3:c.-32-1G>T

Variant names:

• chr8-116866762-C-A
• rs16889042
• NM_006265.3:c.-32-1G>T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. The variant received 10 ACMG points: 10P and 0B. PVS1 PM2

The NM_006265.3(RAD21):​c.-32-1G>T variant causes a splice acceptor, intron change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000217 in 1,381,600 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. 3/3 splice prediction tools predicting alterations to normal splicing. No clinical diagnostic laboratories have submitted clinical-significance assessments for this variant to ClinVar.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: 𝑓 0.0 (0 hom., cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000022 (0 hom.)
  • Failed GnomAD Quality Control
• Consequence: RAD21 NM_006265.3 splice_acceptor, intron
• Scores: Splicing: ADA: 1.000
• Clinical Significance: Not reported in ClinVar
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 1.77
• Publications: 9 publications found

Genes affected

RAD21 (HGNC:9811): (RAD21 cohesin complex component) The protein encoded by this gene is highly similar to the gene product of Schizosaccharomyces pombe rad21, a gene involved in the repair of DNA double-strand breaks, as well as in chromatid cohesion during mitosis. This protein is a nuclear phospho-protein, which becomes hyperphosphorylated in cell cycle M phase. The highly regulated association of this protein with mitotic chromatin specifically at the centromere region suggests its role in sister chromatid cohesion in mitotic cells. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

RAD21 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• Cornelia de Lange syndrome

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet, ClinGen
• Cornelia de Lange syndrome 4

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, MODERATE Submitted by: Ambry Genetics, G2P, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
• Mungan syndrome

  Inheritance: Unknown Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Pathogenic. The variant received 10 ACMG points.

• PVS1: Splicing +-2 bp (donor or acceptor) variant, LoF is a know mechanism of disease, Cryptic splice site detected, with MaxEntScore 7.9, offset of 20, new splice context is: gttttcttctgttttcatAGcca. Cryptic site results in frameshift change. If cryptic site found is not functional and variant results in exon loss, it results in frameshift change.
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
RAD21	NM_006265.3	c.-32-1G>T		splice_acceptor_variant, intron_variant	Intron 1 of 13	ENST00000297338.7	NP_006256.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
RAD21	ENST00000297338.7	c.-32-1G>T		splice_acceptor_variant, intron_variant	Intron 1 of 13	1	NM_006265.3	ENSP00000297338.2

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 151826 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32

Gnomad AFR AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMI AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad SAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN AF: 0.00

Gnomad MID AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE AF: 0.00

Gnomad OTH AF: 0.00

GnomAD2 exomes AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 203292 AF XY: 0.00

Gnomad AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00000217 AC: 3 AN: 1381600 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 30 AF XY: 0.00000147 AC XY: 1 AN XY: 682342

⚠️ The allele balance in gnomAD version 4 Exomes is significantly skewed from the expected value of 0.5.

African (AFR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 30506

American (AMR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 32326

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 23636

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 37984

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 72612

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.0000205 AC: 1 AN: 48728

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 5436

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 0.00000186 AC: 2 AN: 1073532

Other (OTH) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 56840

⚠️ The allele balance in gnomAD4 Exomes is highly skewed from 0.5 (p-value = 0), which strongly suggests a high chance of mosaicism in these individuals.

GnomAD4 genome Data not reliable, filtered out with message: AC0;AS_VQSR AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 151826 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32 AF XY: 0.00 AC XY: 0 AN XY: 74162

African (AFR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 41294

American (AMR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 15254

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 3466

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 5188

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 4818

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 10538

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 316

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 67952

Other (OTH) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 2088

ClinVar

Not reported in ClinVar

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
BayesDel_noAF	Uncertain	-0.030
CADD	Pathogenic	32
DANN	Uncertain	0.98
PhyloP100		1.8
RBP_binding_hub_radar		0.0
RBP_regulation_power_radar		1.1

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
dbscSNV1_ADA	Pathogenic	1.0
dbscSNV1_RF	Pathogenic	0.87
SpliceAI score (max)		1.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2
DS_AG_spliceai		0.88		Position offset: -21
DS_AL_spliceai		1.0		Position offset: -1

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs16889042; hg19: chr8-117879001;