NM_007254.4:c.308C>T

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely benign. The variant received -4 ACMG points: 0P and 4B. BP4_Strong

The NM_007254.4(PNKP):c.308C>T(p.Thr103Ile) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000564 in 1,614,174 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 13/22 in silico tools predict a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★).

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.00033 ( 0 hom., cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.000027 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

PNKP
NM_007254.4 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:6

Conservation

PhyloP100: 2.51

Publications

1 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

PNKP (HGNC:9154): (polynucleotide kinase 3'-phosphatase) This locus represents a gene involved in DNA repair. In response to ionizing radiation or oxidative damage, the protein encoded by this locus catalyzes 5' phosphorylation and 3' dephosphorylation of nucleic acids. Mutations at this locus have been associated with microcephaly, seizures, and developmental delay.[provided by RefSeq, Sep 2010]

PNKP Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

ataxia - oculomotor apraxia type 4
Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet, G2P, Laboratory for Molecular Medicine
microcephaly, seizures, and developmental delay
Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: ClinGen, Ambry Genetics, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2B2
Inheritance: AR Classification: STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
genetic developmental and epileptic encephalopathy
Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet

PNKP links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Likely_benign. The variant received -4 ACMG points.

BP4

Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.0107344985).

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
PNKP	NM_007254.4 link	c.308C>T	p.Thr103Ile	missense_variant	Exon 4 of 17	ENST00000322344.8	NP_009185.2	Q96T60-1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
PNKP	ENST00000322344.8 link	c.308C>T	p.Thr103Ile	missense_variant	Exon 4 of 17	1	NM_007254.4	ENSP00000323511.2		Q96T60-1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.000342

AC:

AN:

152198

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.00123

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.0000654

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD2 exomes

AF:

0.0000836

AC:

AN:

251328

AF XY:

0.0000589

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00123

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.0000289

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.0000274

AC:

AN:

1461858

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000261

AC XY:

AN XY:

727232

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.00108

AC:

AN:

33480

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

44722

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

26136

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

39700

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.0000116

AC:

AN:

86256

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

53418

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5764

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

1111988

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.0000497

AC:

AN:

60394

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.455

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.000335

AC:

AN:

152316

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.000349

AC XY:

AN XY:

74482

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.00120

AC:

AN:

41566

American (AMR)

AF:

0.0000653

AC:

AN:

15306

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

3472

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5184

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

4830

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

10618

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

294

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

68020

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

2114

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.489

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Genome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

Alfa

AF:

0.000251

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.000427

ESP6500AA

AF:

0.00159

AC:

ESP6500EA

AF:

0.00

AC:

ExAC

AF:

0.000140

AC:

Asia WGS

AF:

0.000289

AC:

AN:

3478

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:6

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

not provided

Uncertain:3

Aug 09, 2013

Eurofins Ntd Llc (ga)

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

May 02, 2025

GeneDx

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

In silico analysis supports that this missense variant has a deleterious effect on protein structure/function; Has not been previously published as pathogenic or benign to our knowledge; This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 22508754) -

Feb 04, 2020

Mayo Clinic Laboratories, Mayo Clinic

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

not specified

Uncertain:1

Jul 09, 2024

Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Variant summary: PNKP c.308C>T (p.Thr103Ile) results in a non-conservative amino acid change in the encoded protein sequence. Three of five in-silico tools predict a benign effect of the variant on protein function. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 8.4e-05 in 251328 control chromosomes. This frequency is not significantly higher than estimated for a pathogenic variant in PNKP causing PNKP-Related Disorders, allowing no conclusion about variant significance. To our knowledge, no occurrence of c.308C>T in individuals affected with PNKP-Related Disorders and no experimental evidence demonstrating its impact on protein function have been reported. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 95482). Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as uncertain significance. -

Inborn genetic diseases

Uncertain:1

Feb 17, 2019

Ambry Genetics

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

The p.T103I variant (also known as c.308C>T), located in coding exon 3 of the PNKP gene, results from a C to T substitution at nucleotide position 308. The threonine at codon 103 is replaced by isoleucine, an amino acid with similar properties. This amino acid position is well conserved on limited sequence alignment; however, isoleucine is the reference amino acid in other vertebrate species. In addition, this alteration is predicted to be tolerated by in silico analysis. Since supporting evidence is limited at this time, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. -

Developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 12

Uncertain:1

Jan 13, 2025

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This sequence change replaces threonine, which is neutral and polar, with isoleucine, which is neutral and non-polar, at codon 103 of the PNKP protein (p.Thr103Ile). This variant is present in population databases (rs115419706, gnomAD 0.1%). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with PNKP-related conditions. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 95482). An algorithm developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function outputs the following: PolyPhen-2: "Benign". The isoleucine amino acid residue is found in multiple mammalian species, which suggests that this missense change does not adversely affect protein function. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Benign

0.077

BayesDel_addAF

Benign

-0.48

BayesDel_noAF

Benign

-0.51

CADD

Benign

(source)

DANN

Uncertain

1.0

DEOGEN2

Benign

0.082

T;T;T;T;T;.;T

Eigen

Benign

-0.29

Eigen_PC

Benign

-0.13

FATHMM_MKL

Benign

0.70

LIST_S2

Benign

0.75

T;.;T;T;T;T;T

M_CAP

Benign

0.0067

MetaRNN

Benign

0.011

T;T;T;T;T;T;T

MetaSVM

Benign

-1.1

MutationAssessor

Benign

1.5

.;L;.;L;.;.;.

PhyloP100

2.5

PrimateAI

Uncertain

0.58

PROVEAN

Uncertain

-2.6

.;D;.;.;.;.;.

REVEL

Benign

0.014

Sift

Benign

0.14

.;T;.;.;.;.;.

Sift4G

Benign

0.082

T;T;T;T;T;.;.

Polyphen

0.021

.;B;.;B;.;.;.

Vest4

0.36

MVP

0.18

MPC

0.11

ClinPred

0.087

GERP RS

3.6

PromoterAI

0.018

Neutral

(source)

RBP_binding_hub_radar

0.0

RBP_regulation_power_radar

1.7

Varity_R

0.30

gMVP

0.36

Mutation Taster

=58/42

polymorphism

(source)

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

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Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

Age Distribution

Age Distribution

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over