NM_014363.6:c.5836T>C

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. The variant received 14 ACMG points: 14P and 0B. PM2PP3_StrongPP5_Very_Strong

The NM_014363.6(SACS):c.5836T>C(p.Trp1946Arg) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000000684 in 1,461,612 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (★★).

Frequency

Genomes: not found (cov: 33)

Exomes 𝑓: 6.8e-7 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

SACS
NM_014363.6 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:5

Conservation

PhyloP100: 8.95

Publications

5 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

SACS (HGNC:10519): (sacsin molecular chaperone) This gene encodes the sacsin protein, which includes a UbL domain at the N-terminus, a DnaJ domain, and a HEPN domain at the C-terminus. The gene is highly expressed in the central nervous system, also found in skin, skeletal muscles and at low levels in the pancreas. This gene includes a very large exon spanning more than 12.8 kb. Mutations in this gene result in autosomal recessive spastic ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay (ARSACS), a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by early-onset cerebellar ataxia with spasticity and peripheral neuropathy. The authors of a publication on the effects of siRNA-mediated sacsin knockdown concluded that sacsin protects against mutant ataxin-1 and suggest that "the large multi-domain sacsin protein is able to recruit Hsp70 chaperone action and has the potential to regulate the effects of other ataxia proteins" (Parfitt et al., PubMed: 19208651). A pseudogene associated with this gene is located on chromosome 11. Alternative splicing of this gene results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, May 2013]

SACS Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

Charlevoix-Saguenay spastic ataxia
Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet, G2P, Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Myriad Women’s Health

SACS links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Pathogenic. The variant received 14 ACMG points.

PM2

Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage;

PP3

MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.96

PP5

Variant 13-23338040-A-G is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr13-23338040-A-G is described in ClinVar as Pathogenic. ClinVar VariationId is 5517.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
SACS	NM_014363.6 link	c.5836T>C	p.Trp1946Arg	missense_variant	Exon 10 of 10	ENST00000382292.9	NP_055178.3	Q9NZJ4-1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
SACS	ENST00000382292.9 link	c.5836T>C	p.Trp1946Arg	missense_variant	Exon 10 of 10	5	NM_014363.6	ENSP00000371729.3		Q9NZJ4-1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

Cov.:

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

6.84e-7

AC:

AN:

1461612

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.00

AC XY:

AN XY:

727114

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

33436

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

44684

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

26122

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

39698

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

86246

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

53394

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5768

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

1111884

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.0000166

AC:

AN:

60380

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.525

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

GnomAD4 genome

Cov.:

Alfa

AF:

0.00

Hom.:

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:5

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Charlevoix-Saguenay spastic ataxia

Pathogenic:3

Jan 01, 2022

PROSPAX: an integrated multimodal progression chart in spastic ataxias, Center for Neurology; Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:research

- -

Jul 01, 2003

OMIM

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:literature only

- -

Nov 12, 2022

Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Variant summary: SACS c.5836T>C (p.Trp1946Arg) results in a non-conservative amino acid change in the encoded protein sequence. Five of five in-silico tools predict a damaging effect of the variant on protein function. The variant was absent in 250862 control chromosomes (gnomAD). c.5836T>C has been reported in the literature as a biallelic genotype in multiple individuals affected with Autosomal Recessive Spastic Ataxia Of Charlevoix-Saguenay (e.g. El Euch-Fayache_2003, Thiffault_2013). These data indicate that the variant is very likely to be associated with disease. To our knowledge, no experimental evidence demonstrating an impact on protein function has been reported. One ClinVar submitter has assessed the variant since 2014: the variant was classified as pathogenic. Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as pathogenic. -

Spastic paraplegia

Pathogenic:1

Oct 06, 2023

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This sequence change replaces tryptophan, which is neutral and slightly polar, with arginine, which is basic and polar, at codon 1946 of the SACS protein (p.Trp1946Arg). This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This missense change has been observed in individuals with SACS-related conditions (PMID: 12873855, 23250129). It has also been observed to segregate with disease in related individuals. This variant is also known as c.3662T>C, p.Trp1196Arg. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 5517). Advanced modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) performed at Invitae indicates that this missense variant is expected to disrupt SACS protein function. For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. -

SACS-related disorder

Pathogenic:1

Jan 03, 2024

PreventionGenetics, part of Exact Sciences

Significance:Likely pathogenic

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:clinical testing

The SACS c.5836T>C variant is predicted to result in the amino acid substitution p.Trp1946Arg. This variant was reported in the homozygous state in 3 affected siblings with Charlevoix-Saguenay spastic ataxia and was heterozygous or not present in 3 unaffected siblings (Reported as 3662T>C in El Euch-Fayache et al 2003. PubMed ID: 12873855). This variant has not been reported in a large population database (http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org), indicating this variant is rare. This variant is interpreted as likely pathogenic. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Pathogenic

1.0

BayesDel_addAF

Pathogenic

0.58

BayesDel_noAF

Pathogenic

0.59

CADD

Pathogenic

(source)

DANN

Uncertain

0.98

DEOGEN2

Pathogenic

0.80

.;D

Eigen

Uncertain

0.36

Eigen_PC

Uncertain

0.28

FATHMM_MKL

Uncertain

0.95

LIST_S2

Benign

0.80

T;T

M_CAP

Pathogenic

0.76

MetaRNN

Pathogenic

0.96

D;D

MetaSVM

Pathogenic

1.1

MutationAssessor

Pathogenic

3.2

.;M

PhyloP100

8.9

PrimateAI

Uncertain

0.72

PROVEAN

Pathogenic

-12

D;D

REVEL

Pathogenic

0.83

Sift

Pathogenic

0.0

D;D

Sift4G

Pathogenic

0.0

D;D

Polyphen

1.0

.;D

Vest4

0.95

MutPred

0.74

.;Gain of catalytic residue at P1947 (P = 0.0112);

MVP

0.94

ClinPred

1.0

GERP RS

4.5

RBP_binding_hub_radar

0.0

RBP_regulation_power_radar

1.2

Varity_R

0.92

gMVP

0.91

Mutation Taster

=4/96

disease causing (ClinVar)

(source)

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

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Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

Age Distribution

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over