NM_015166.4:c.65G>A

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely benign. The variant received -4 ACMG points: 0P and 4B. BP4_Strong

The NM_015166.4(MLC1):c.65G>A(p.Arg22Gln) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000167 in 1,613,626 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, including 1 homozygotes. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. R22W) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.00020 ( 0 hom., cov: 33)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.00016 ( 1 hom. )

Consequence

MLC1
NM_015166.4 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:7

Conservation

PhyloP100: 3.12

Publications

13 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

MLC1 (HGNC:17082): (modulator of VRAC current 1) The function of this gene product is unknown; however, homology to other proteins suggests that it may be an integral membrane transporter. Mutations in this gene have been associated with megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts, an autosomal recessive neurological disorder. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

MLC1 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts 1
Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Ambry Genetics, G2P, Myriad Women’s Health
megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts
Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet

MLC1 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Likely_benign. The variant received -4 ACMG points.

BP4

Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.0071160197).

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
MLC1	NM_015166.4 link	c.65G>A	p.Arg22Gln	missense_variant	Exon 2 of 12	ENST00000311597.10	NP_055981.1	Q15049-1A0A024R4V4

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	UniProt
MLC1	ENST00000311597.10 link	c.65G>A	p.Arg22Gln	missense_variant	Exon 2 of 12	1	NM_015166.4	ENSP00000310375.6	Q15049-1
MLC1	ENST00000395876.6 link	c.65G>A	p.Arg22Gln	missense_variant	Exon 2 of 12	1		ENSP00000379216.2	Q15049-1
MLC1	ENST00000442311.1 link	c.65G>A	p.Arg22Gln	missense_variant	Exon 2 of 8	5		ENSP00000401385.1	A6PVC3

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.000204

AC:

AN:

152216

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.0000241

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.0000654

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00308

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00207

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.0000441

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD2 exomes

AF:

0.000471

AC:

118

AN:

250418

AF XY:

0.000435

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00436

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.0000441

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.000163

AC:

238

AN:

1461292

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.000184

AC XY:

134

AN XY:

726984

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

33480

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

44724

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.0000383

AC:

AN:

26132

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00259

AC:

103

AN:

39700

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00119

AC:

103

AN:

86254

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

52894

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.000175

AC:

AN:

5722

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.0000162

AC:

AN:

1112006

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.000199

AC:

AN:

60380

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.478

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.000204

AC:

AN:

152334

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.000201

AC XY:

AN XY:

74502

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.0000241

AC:

AN:

41572

American (AMR)

AF:

0.0000653

AC:

AN:

15310

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

3470

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00309

AC:

AN:

5182

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00207

AC:

AN:

4824

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

10622

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

294

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.0000441

AC:

AN:

68032

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

2116

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.512

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Genome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

Alfa

AF:

0.000141

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.000276

ExAC

AF:

0.000552

AC:

Asia WGS

AF:

0.00144

AC:

AN:

3478

EpiCase

AF:

0.00

EpiControl

AF:

0.0000593

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:7

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts 1

Uncertain:3

Baylor Genetics

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Mar 18, 2016

Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University Medical Center

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:reference population

- -

Jun 29, 2017

Counsyl

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:clinical testing

This submission and the accompanying classification are no longer maintained by the submitter. For more information on current observations and classification, please contact variantquestions@myriad.com. -

not provided

Uncertain:2

Jul 12, 2022

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This sequence change replaces arginine, which is basic and polar, with glutamine, which is neutral and polar, at codon 22 of the MLC1 protein (p.Arg22Gln). This variant is present in population databases (rs184241759, gnomAD 0.5%). This missense change has been observed in individual(s) with megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts (PMID: 21160490). It has also been observed to segregate with disease in related individuals. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 225412). Algorithms developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function are either unavailable or do not agree on the potential impact of this missense change (SIFT: "Deleterious"; PolyPhen-2: "Benign"; Align-GVGD: "Class C0"). Experimental studies have shown that this missense change affects MLC1 function (PMID: 22416245). In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Feb 10, 2017

GeneDx

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

The R22Q variant in the MLC1 gene has been reported previously in a patient with megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts, however, this patient was not found to have a pathogenic variant on the other MLC1 allele (Wang et al., 2011). The R22Q variant is observed in 43/8556 (0.5%) alleles from individuals of East Asian background, in the ExAC dataset (Lek et al., 2016). The R22Q variant is a semi-conservative amino acid substitution, which may impact secondary protein structure as these residues differ in some properties. This substitution occurs at a position that is conserved in mammals. While transfection studies indicate that the R22Q variant affected intracellular protein localization, protein/mRNA expression levels for R22Q were comparable with wild type (Xie et al., 2012). Therefore, we interpret R22Q as a variant of uncertain significance. -

not specified

Uncertain:1

Sep 14, 2022

Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Variant summary: MLC1 c.65G>A (p.Arg22Gln) results in a conservative amino acid change in the encoded protein sequence. Three of five in-silico tools predict a damaging effect of the variant on protein function. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00047 in 250418 control chromosomes (gnomAD), predominantly at a frequency of 0.0044 within the East Asian subpopulation in the gnomAD database. The observed variant frequency within East Asian control individuals in the gnomAD database is approximately 4 fold of the estimated maximal expected allele frequency for a pathogenic variant in MLC1 causing Megalencephalic Leukoencephalopathy With Subcortical Cysts 1 (0.0011), strongly suggesting that the variant is a benign polymorphism found primarily in populations of East Asian origin. c.65G>A has been reported in the literature in individuals affected with Megalencephalic Leukoencephalopathy With Subcortical Cysts 1, including one sibling pair that carried a second pathogenic variant in trans (Wang_2011). The variant was also found in one affected individual with a benign variant on the second allele (Wang_2011) and in one individual that carried a likely pathogenic variant in cis and another potentially pathogenic variant (c.772-1G>C) in trans (Cao_2016). These data indicate that the variant may be associated with disease. One functional study demonstrated that the variant protein is mislocalized in the cell, with 8.26% of the protein being trafficked to the cell surface, and the remainder being trapped in the endoplasmic reticulum (Xie_2012). Five ClinVar submitters have assessed the variant since 2014: four classified the variant as of uncertain significance, and one as likely pathogenic. Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as uncertain significance. -

Megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts

Uncertain:1

Jan 06, 2020

Natera, Inc.

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Benign

0.12

BayesDel_addAF

Benign

-0.062

BayesDel_noAF

Pathogenic

0.14

CADD

Benign

(source)

DANN

Uncertain

1.0

DEOGEN2

Benign

0.34

T;T;.

Eigen

Benign

-0.0059

Eigen_PC

Benign

-0.10

FATHMM_MKL

Benign

0.18

LIST_S2

Uncertain

0.92

.;D;D

M_CAP

Uncertain

0.16

MetaRNN

Benign

0.0071

T;T;T

MetaSVM

Uncertain

0.26

MutationAssessor

Benign

1.4

L;L;.

PhyloP100

3.1

PrimateAI

Benign

0.34

PROVEAN

Uncertain

-3.4

D;D;D

REVEL

Uncertain

0.44

Sift

Uncertain

0.0070

D;D;D

Sift4G

Uncertain

0.021

D;D;D

Polyphen

0.22

B;B;.

Vest4

0.73

MVP

0.88

MPC

0.29

ClinPred

0.16

GERP RS

5.5

Varity_R

0.34

gMVP

0.41

Mutation Taster

=2/98

disease causing (ClinVar)

(source)

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

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Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

Age Distribution

Age Distribution

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over