NM_016592.5:c.72A>G

Variant names:

• chr20-58840178-A-G
• NM_016592.5:c.72A>G

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. The variant received 2 ACMG points: 2P and 0B. PM2

The NM_016592.5(GNAS):​c.72A>G​(p.Ile24Met) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. 12/17 in silico tools predict a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★).

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0 (0 hom.)
  • Failed GnomAD Quality Control
• Consequence: GNAS NM_016592.5 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, single submitter U:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: -2.56
• Publications: 0 publications found

Genes affected

GNAS (HGNC:4392): (GNAS complex locus) This locus has a highly complex imprinted expression pattern. It gives rise to maternally, paternally, and biallelically expressed transcripts that are derived from four alternative promoters and 5' exons. Some transcripts contain a differentially methylated region (DMR) at their 5' exons, and this DMR is commonly found in imprinted genes and correlates with transcript expression. An antisense transcript is produced from an overlapping locus on the opposite strand. One of the transcripts produced from this locus, and the antisense transcript, are paternally expressed noncoding RNAs, and may regulate imprinting in this region. In addition, one of the transcripts contains a second overlapping ORF, which encodes a structurally unrelated protein - Alex. Alternative splicing of downstream exons is also observed, which results in different forms of the stimulatory G-protein alpha subunit, a key element of the classical signal transduction pathway linking receptor-ligand interactions with the activation of adenylyl cyclase and a variety of cellular reponses. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. Mutations in this gene result in pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1a, pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1b, Albright hereditary osteodystrophy, pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism, McCune-Albright syndrome, progressive osseus heteroplasia, polyostotic fibrous dysplasia of bone, and some pituitary tumors. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2012]

GNAS-AS1 (HGNC:24872): (GNAS antisense RNA 1) This gene produces a paternally-imprinted antisense RNA transcript that helps regulate the GNAS complex locus, which encodes the alpha subunit of the stimulatory G protein. Defects in this gene are a cause of pseudohypoparathyroidism type Ib.[provided by RefSeq, Jun 2010]

GNAS-AS1 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1B

  Inheritance: Unknown Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)

ENSG00000293655 (HGNC:):

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Uncertain_significance. The variant received 2 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
GNAS	NM_016592.5	c.72A>G	p.Ile24Met	missense_variant	Exon 1 of 13	ENST00000371075.7	NP_057676.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
GNAS	ENST00000371075.7	c.72A>G	p.Ile24Met	missense_variant	Exon 1 of 13	1	NM_016592.5	ENSP00000360115.3
GNAS	ENST00000453292.7	c.72A>G	p.Ile24Met	missense_variant	Exon 1 of 12	5		ENSP00000392000.2

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome Data not reliable, filtered out with message: AC0 AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 1459302 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 35 AF XY: 0.00 AC XY: 0 AN XY: 726110

African (AFR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 33478

American (AMR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 44712

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 26124

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 39698

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 86248

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 51010

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 5768

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 1111892

Other (OTH) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 60372

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:1

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

Submissions by phenotype

GNAS-related disorder Uncertain:1

Oct 10, 2023

PreventionGenetics, part of Exact Sciences

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The GNAS c.72A>G variant is predicted to result in the amino acid substitution p.Ile24Met. To our knowledge, this variant has not been reported in the literature or in a large population database (http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org), indicating this variant is rare. At this time, the clinical significance of this variant is uncertain due to the absence of conclusive functional and genetic evidence. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
BayesDel_addAF	Benign	-0.042	T
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.30
CADD	Benign	1.7
DANN	Benign	0.90
DEOGEN2	Uncertain	0.50	D;D;D
Eigen	Benign	-0.34
Eigen_PC	Benign	-0.48
FATHMM_MKL	Benign	0.064	N
LIST_S2	Benign	0.61	.;.;T
M_CAP	Benign	0.0068	T
MetaRNN	Uncertain	0.45	T;T;T
MetaSVM	Benign	-0.89	T
MutationAssessor	Benign	1.1	L;L;L
PhyloP100		-2.6
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.74	T
PROVEAN	Benign	-0.73	N;N;N
REVEL	Benign	0.24
Sift	Pathogenic	0.0	D;D;D
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.046	D;D;D
Polyphen		0.98	D;D;D
Vest4		0.53
MutPred		0.77		Gain of disorder (P = 0.0276);Gain of disorder (P = 0.0276);Gain of disorder (P = 0.0276);
MVP		0.068
ClinPred		0.45	T
GERP RS		-1.5
PromoterAI		-0.042	Neutral
Mutation Taster		=92/8	polymorphism

Splicing

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

hg19: chr20-57415233;