NM_020975.6:c.785T>C

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Benign. The variant received -11 ACMG points: 0P and 11B. BP4_ModerateBP6BS1BS2

The NM_020975.6(RET):c.785T>C(p.Val262Ala) variant causes a missense change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000215 in 1,612,474 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, including 2 homozygotes. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity (no stars). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. V262M) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.00026 ( 0 hom., cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.00021 ( 2 hom. )

Consequence

RET
NM_020975.6 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity criteria provided, conflicting classifications U:13B:9

Conservation

PhyloP100: 5.52

Publications

11 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

RET (HGNC:9967): (ret proto-oncogene) This gene encodes a transmembrane receptor and member of the tyrosine protein kinase family of proteins. Binding of ligands such as GDNF (glial cell-line derived neurotrophic factor) and other related proteins to the encoded receptor stimulates receptor dimerization and activation of downstream signaling pathways that play a role in cell differentiation, growth, migration and survival. The encoded receptor is important in development of the nervous system, and the development of organs and tissues derived from the neural crest. This proto-oncogene can undergo oncogenic activation through both cytogenetic rearrangement and activating point mutations. Mutations in this gene are associated with Hirschsprung disease and central hypoventilation syndrome and have been identified in patients with renal agenesis. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2017]

RET Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

familial medullary thyroid carcinoma
Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet, G2P
multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A
Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet, ClinGen, G2P
multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2B
Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: G2P, Orphanet, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), ClinGen
pheochromocytoma
Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: G2P
Hirschsprung disease, susceptibility to, 1
Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
Haddad syndrome
Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
Hirschsprung disease
Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
renal agenesis, unilateral
Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
bilateral renal agenesis
Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
renal agenesis
Inheritance: AR Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: G2P

RET links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Benign. The variant received -11 ACMG points.

BP4

Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.23900184).

BP6

Variant 10-43105111-T-C is Benign according to our data. Variant chr10-43105111-T-C is described in ClinVar as Conflicting_classifications_of_pathogenicity. ClinVar VariationId is 41845.

BS1

Variant frequency is greater than expected in population amr. GnomAd4 allele frequency = 0.000256 (39/152180) while in subpopulation AMR AF = 0.000457 (7/15302). AF 95% confidence interval is 0.000243. There are 0 homozygotes in GnomAd4. There are 22 alleles in the male GnomAd4 subpopulation. Median coverage is 32. This position passed quality control check.

BS2

High Homozygotes in GnomAdExome4 at 2 AD,AR gene

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
RET	NM_020975.6 link	c.785T>C	p.Val262Ala	missense_variant	Exon 4 of 20	ENST00000355710.8	NP_066124.1	P07949-1A0A024R7T2

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
RET	ENST00000355710.8 link	c.785T>C	p.Val262Ala	missense_variant	Exon 4 of 20	5	NM_020975.6	ENSP00000347942.3		P07949-1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.000263

AC:

AN:

152062

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.0000725

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00110

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.000458

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.000207

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.0000941

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00633

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.000353

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.000478

GnomAD2 exomes

AF:

0.000247

AC:

AN:

246512

AF XY:

0.000291

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.0000628

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.0000872

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.000100

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.0000967

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.000325

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.000827

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.000211

AC:

308

AN:

1460294

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.000222

AC XY:

161

AN XY:

726582

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.000149

AC:

AN:

33468

American (AMR)

AF:

0.0000895

AC:

AN:

44686

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.0000766

AC:

AN:

26096

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

39688

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.000383

AC:

AN:

86238

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.0000383

AC:

AN:

52184

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00626

AC:

AN:

5750

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.000184

AC:

205

AN:

1111832

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.000348

AC:

AN:

60352

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.480

Heterozygous variant carriers

107

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het

Exome Hom

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.000256

AC:

AN:

152180

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.000296

AC XY:

AN XY:

74396

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.0000482

AC:

AN:

41526

American (AMR)

AF:

0.000457

AC:

AN:

15302

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

3466

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5130

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.000207

AC:

AN:

4824

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.0000941

AC:

AN:

10624

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00680

AC:

AN:

294

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.000353

AC:

AN:

67988

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.000473

AC:

AN:

2114

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.525

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Genome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

Alfa

AF:

0.000507

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.000253

ESP6500AA

AF:

0.00

AC:

ESP6500EA

AF:

0.000349

AC:

ExAC

AF:

0.000231

AC:

EpiCase

AF:

0.000491

EpiControl

AF:

0.000533

ClinVar

Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity

Submissions summary: Uncertain:13Benign:9

Revision: criteria provided, conflicting classifications

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

not provided

Uncertain:2Benign:2

Jul 13, 2012

Biesecker Lab/Clinical Genomics Section, National Institutes of Health

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:research

- -

Sep 16, 2018

Gharavi Laboratory, Columbia University

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:research

- -

Mar 30, 2022

GeneDx

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 25637381, 24336963, 11955539, 20956458, 22703879, 24055113, 15956201, 27884173, 31159747, 31614935) -

Feb 01, 2024

CeGaT Center for Human Genetics Tuebingen

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

RET: BS2 -

Multiple endocrine neoplasia, type 2

Uncertain:2Benign:1

Feb 04, 2025

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This sequence change replaces valine, which is neutral and non-polar, with alanine, which is neutral and non-polar, at codon 262 of the RET protein (p.Val262Ala). This variant is present in population databases (rs139790943, gnomAD 0.04%), and has an allele count higher than expected for a pathogenic variant. This missense change has been observed in individual(s) with non-medullary thyroid carcinoma and Hirschsprung disease (PMID: 11955539, 31614935, 35534704). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 41845). An algorithm developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function (PolyPhen-2) suggests that this variant is likely to be disruptive. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Apr 16, 2025

Molecular Pathology, Peter Maccallum Cancer Centre

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Mar 28, 2024

Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This missense variant replaces valine with alanine at codon 262 of the RET protein. Computational prediction suggests that this variant may have deleterious impact on protein structure and function. To our knowledge, functional studies have not been reported for this variant. This variant has been reported in a family affected with pituitary adenoma but the variant does not segregate with disease (PMID: 20956458), in an individual affected with non-medullary thyroid cancer (PMID: 31614935), and in an individual affected with colorectal cancer (PMID: 36479692). This variant also has been reported in individuals affected with colon cancer and melanoma (PMID: 29684080) and in suspected hereditary breast and ovarian cancer families (PMID: 31159747). This variant has been identified in 69/277836 chromosomes in the general population by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). In summary, this variant is not rare in certain populations and there is a suspicion that this variant may not be associated with disease. Additional functional and clinical studies are necessary to determine the role of this variant in disease conclusively. Therefore, this variant is classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome

Uncertain:2Benign:1

Jan 03, 2022

Sema4, Sema4

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:curation

- -

Aug 01, 2018

GeneKor MSA

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Jun 11, 2018

Ambry Genetics

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This alteration is classified as likely benign based on a combination of the following: seen in unaffected individuals, population frequency, intact protein function, lack of segregation with disease, co-occurrence, RNA analysis, in silico models, amino acid conservation, lack of disease association in case-control studies, and/or the mechanism of disease or impacted region is inconsistent with a known cause of pathogenicity. -

Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A

Uncertain:1Benign:2

May 25, 2018

Counsyl

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:clinical testing

This submission and the accompanying classification are no longer maintained by the submitter. For more information on current observations and classification, please contact variantquestions@myriad.com. -

Apr 09, 2024

Mendelics

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Dec 30, 2017

Department Of Genetics, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Sultan Qaboos University

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:curation

- -

not specified

Uncertain:2

May 04, 2020

Genetic Services Laboratory, University of Chicago

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

DNA sequence analysis of the RET gene demonstrated a sequence change, c.785T>C, in exon 4 that results in an amino acid change, p.Val262Ala. This sequence change has been described in the gnomAD database with a frequency of 0.043% in the South Asian sub-population (dbSNP rs139790943). The p.Val262Ala change has been reported in an individual with Hirshsprung's disease (PMID: 11955539). The p.Val262Ala change affects a moderately conserved amino acid residue located in a domain of the RET protein that is known to be functional. The p.Val262Ala substitution appears to be deleterious based on in-silico pathogenicity prediction tools (SIFT, PolyPhen2, Align GVGD, REVEL). Due to the lack of functional studies, the clinical significance of the p.Val262Ala change remains unknown at this time. -

Jan 24, 2017

Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Mass General Brigham Personalized Medicine

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Variant identified in a genome or exome case(s) and assessed due to predicted null impact of the variant or pathogenic assertions in the literature or databases. Disclaimer: This variant has not undergone full assessment. The following are preliminary notes: This variant is present in HGMD in 4 papers, with comments suggesting VUS. It has been seen in unaffected patients, as well as one with Hirschprung's disease and an individual with pituitary adenomas but did not segregate in this family. This variant has a Max MAF of 0.032% in ExAC. It is classified with 2 stars as VUS by GeneDx, Invitae, Biesecker, and CSER_CC_NCGL. -

Aganglionic megacolon

Uncertain:1

Jun 01, 2014

CSER _CC_NCGL, University of Washington

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:research

- -

Renal hypodysplasia/aplasia 1

Uncertain:1

Nov 27, 2019

Illumina Laboratory Services, Illumina

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This variant was observed as part of a predisposition screen in an ostensibly healthy population. A literature search was performed for the gene, cDNA change, and amino acid change (where applicable). No publications were found based on this search. Allele frequency data from public databases did not allow this variant to be ruled in or out of causing disease. Therefore, this variant is classified as a variant of unknown significance. -

Hirschsprung disease, susceptibility to, 1

Uncertain:1

Nov 27, 2019

Illumina Laboratory Services, Illumina

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Malignant tumor of breast

Uncertain:1

Center of Medical Genetics and Primary Health Care

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Pheochromocytoma

Benign:1

Nov 27, 2019

Illumina Laboratory Services, Illumina

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This variant was observed as part of a predisposition screen in an ostensibly healthy population. A literature search was performed for the gene, cDNA change, and amino acid change (where applicable). No publications were found based on this search. Allele frequency data from public databases allowed determination this variant is unlikely to cause disease. Therefore, this variant is classified as likely benign. -

Multiple endocrine neoplasia

Benign:1

Nov 27, 2019

Illumina Laboratory Services, Illumina

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This variant was observed as part of a predisposition screen in an ostensibly healthy population. A literature search was performed for the gene, cDNA change, and amino acid change (where applicable). No publications were found based on this search. Allele frequency data from public databases allowed determination this variant is unlikely to cause disease. Therefore, this variant is classified as likely benign. -

RET-related disorder

Benign:1

Jan 31, 2023

PreventionGenetics, part of Exact Sciences

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:clinical testing

This variant is classified as likely benign based on ACMG/AMP sequence variant interpretation guidelines (Richards et al. 2015 PMID: 25741868, with internal and published modifications). -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Pathogenic

0.70

BayesDel_addAF

Uncertain

0.15

BayesDel_noAF

Pathogenic

0.30

CADD

Pathogenic

(source)

DANN

Uncertain

0.99

DEOGEN2

Uncertain

0.75

D;.;.

Eigen

Uncertain

0.21

Eigen_PC

Benign

0.22

FATHMM_MKL

Uncertain

0.85

LIST_S2

Benign

0.81

T;D;T

M_CAP

Uncertain

0.27

MetaRNN

Benign

0.24

T;T;T

MetaSVM

Uncertain

0.27

MutationAssessor

Uncertain

2.3

M;.;M

PhyloP100

5.5

PrimateAI

Uncertain

0.65

PROVEAN

Uncertain

-2.4

N;.;N

REVEL

Pathogenic

0.75

Sift

Uncertain

0.0020

D;.;D

Sift4G

Uncertain

0.011

D;T;D

Polyphen

0.68

P;.;B

Vest4

0.40

MVP

0.99

MPC

1.4

ClinPred

0.11

GERP RS

3.6

Varity_R

0.64

gMVP

0.94

Mutation Taster

=40/60

disease causing

(source)

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

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Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

Age Distribution

Age Distribution

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over