NM_022455.5:c.5740C>T

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. The variant received 18 ACMG points: 18P and 0B. PM1PM2PM5PP3_StrongPP5_Very_Strong

The NM_022455.5(NSD1):c.5740C>T(p.Arg1914Cys) variant causes a missense change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000137 in 1,461,892 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. 13/22 in silico tools predict a damaging outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (★★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. R1914H) has been classified as Likely pathogenic.

Frequency

Genomes: not found (cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000014 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

NSD1
NM_022455.5 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:5

Conservation

PhyloP100: 6.05

Publications

6 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

NSD1 (HGNC:14234): (nuclear receptor binding SET domain protein 1) This gene encodes a protein containing a SET domain, 2 LXXLL motifs, 3 nuclear translocation signals (NLSs), 4 plant homeodomain (PHD) finger regions, and a proline-rich region. The encoded protein enhances androgen receptor (AR) transactivation, and this enhancement can be increased further in the presence of other androgen receptor associated coregulators. This protein may act as a nucleus-localized, basic transcriptional factor and also as a bifunctional transcriptional regulator. Mutations of this gene have been associated with Sotos syndrome and Weaver syndrome. One version of childhood acute myeloid leukemia is the result of a cryptic translocation with the breakpoints occurring within nuclear receptor-binding Su-var, enhancer of zeste, and trithorax domain protein 1 on chromosome 5 and nucleoporin, 98-kd on chromosome 11. Multiple transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been identified for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2018]

NSD1 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome due to NSD1 mutation
Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: G2P
Sotos syndrome
Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet, G2P, ClinGen
Sotos syndrome 1
Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Genomics England PanelApp, Ambry Genetics

NSD1 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Pathogenic. The variant received 18 ACMG points.

PM1

In a hotspot region, there are 7 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 0 benign, 1 uncertain in NM_022455.5

PM2

Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage;

PM5

Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chr5-177280683-G-A is described in ClinVar as Conflicting_classifications_of_pathogenicity. ClinVar VariationId is 1306845.

PP3

MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.972

PP5

Variant 5-177280682-C-T is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr5-177280682-C-T is described in ClinVar as Pathogenic. ClinVar VariationId is 159375.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
NSD1	NM_022455.5 link	c.5740C>T	p.Arg1914Cys	missense_variant	Exon 18 of 23	ENST00000439151.7	NP_071900.2

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
NSD1	ENST00000439151.7 link	c.5740C>T	p.Arg1914Cys	missense_variant	Exon 18 of 23	1	NM_022455.5	ENSP00000395929.2

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

Cov.:

GnomAD2 exomes

AF:

0.00000796

AC:

AN:

251412

AF XY:

0.00

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.0000289

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.0000992

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.00000137

AC:

AN:

1461892

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.00

AC XY:

AN XY:

727248

show subpopulations

⚠️ The allele balance in gnomAD version 4 Exomes is significantly skewed from the expected value of 0.5.

African (AFR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

33480

American (AMR)

AF:

0.0000224

AC:

AN:

44724

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.0000383

AC:

AN:

26136

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

39700

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

86258

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

53418

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5768

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

1112012

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

60396

⚠️ The allele balance in gnomAD4 Exomes is highly skewed from 0.5 (p-value = 0.0296732), which strongly suggests a high chance of mosaicism in these individuals.

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.400

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

GnomAD4 genome

Cov.:

Alfa

AF:

0.00

Hom.:

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:5

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Sotos syndrome

Pathogenic:3

Jul 15, 2021

Genome-Nilou Lab

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Feb 08, 2013

Genetic Services Laboratory, University of Chicago

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Jan 27, 2023

Laboratory of Medical Genetics, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

PM1, PM2, PM5, PP3, PP5 -

not provided

Pathogenic:2

Apr 16, 2021

GeneDx

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Published functional studies demonstrate a damaging effect with reduced H3K36 histone lysine methyltransferase activity compared to wild-type (Qiao et al., 2011); In silico analysis supports that this missense variant has a deleterious effect on protein structure/function; This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 15942875, 21196496, 15452385, 17565729, 28475857) -

Mar 04, 2024

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This sequence change replaces arginine, which is basic and polar, with cysteine, which is neutral and slightly polar, at codon 1914 of the NSD1 protein (p.Arg1914Cys). This variant is present in population databases (rs587784154, gnomAD 0.01%). This missense change has been observed in individuals with Sotos syndrome (PMID: 15452385, 17565729). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 159375). Advanced modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) performed at Invitae indicates that this missense variant is expected to disrupt NSD1 protein function with a positive predictive value of 95%. Experimental studies have shown that this missense change affects NSD1 function (PMID: 21196496). This variant disrupts the p.Arg1914Cys amino acid residue in NSD1. Other variant(s) that disrupt this residue have been determined to be pathogenic (Invitae). This suggests that this residue is clinically significant, and that variants that disrupt this residue are likely to be disease-causing. For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Pathogenic

1.0

BayesDel_addAF

Pathogenic

0.42

BayesDel_noAF

Pathogenic

0.45

CADD

Pathogenic

(source)

DANN

Pathogenic

1.0

DEOGEN2

Uncertain

0.71

.;D;.

Eigen

Pathogenic

1.0

Eigen_PC

Pathogenic

0.95

FATHMM_MKL

Pathogenic

0.99

LIST_S2

Pathogenic

1.0

D;D;.

M_CAP

Pathogenic

0.45

MetaRNN

Pathogenic

0.97

D;D;D

MetaSVM

Pathogenic

1.0

MutationAssessor

Pathogenic

4.2

.;H;.

PhyloP100

6.1

PrimateAI

Pathogenic

0.89

PROVEAN

Pathogenic

-7.3

D;D;D

REVEL

Pathogenic

0.89

Sift

Pathogenic

0.0

D;D;D

Sift4G

Pathogenic

0.0

D;D;D

Polyphen

1.0

D;D;D

Vest4

0.92

MutPred

0.85

.;Gain of loop (P = 0.0435);.;

MVP

0.99

MPC

3.1

ClinPred

1.0

GERP RS

5.9

RBP_binding_hub_radar

0.0

RBP_regulation_power_radar

1.7

Varity_R

0.85

gMVP

0.99

Mutation Taster

=0/100

disease causing (ClinVar)

(source)

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

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Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over