NM_024675.4:c.1273G>A

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely benign. The variant received -3 ACMG points: 2P and 5B. PM1BP4_StrongBP6

The NM_024675.4(PALB2):c.1273G>A(p.Val425Met) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000929 in 1,614,148 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 15/22 in silico tools predict a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity (no stars). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. V425L) has been classified as Likely benign.

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.00013 ( 0 hom., cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.000089 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

PALB2
NM_024675.4 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity criteria provided, conflicting classifications U:3B:10

Conservation

PhyloP100: 0.760

Publications

12 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

PALB2 (HGNC:26144): (partner and localizer of BRCA2) This gene encodes a protein that may function in tumor suppression. This protein binds to and colocalizes with the breast cancer 2 early onset protein (BRCA2) in nuclear foci and likely permits the stable intranuclear localization and accumulation of BRCA2. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

PALB2 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

hereditary breast carcinoma
Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: ClinGen, Ambry Genetics
Fanconi anemia complementation group N
Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: G2P, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), ClinGen, Ambry Genetics
pancreatic cancer, susceptibility to, 3
Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
familial ovarian cancer
Inheritance: AD Classification: MODERATE Submitted by: ClinGen
Fanconi anemia
Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer
Inheritance: AD Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: ClinGen

PALB2 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Likely_benign. The variant received -3 ACMG points.

PM1

In a hotspot region, there are 2 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 5 benign, 37 uncertain in NM_024675.4

BP4

Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.009389132).

BP6

Variant 16-23635273-C-T is Benign according to our data. Variant chr16-23635273-C-T is described in ClinVar as Conflicting_classifications_of_pathogenicity. ClinVar VariationId is 187458.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
PALB2	NM_024675.4 link	c.1273G>A	p.Val425Met	missense_variant	Exon 4 of 13	ENST00000261584.9	NP_078951.2

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
PALB2	ENST00000261584.9 link	c.1273G>A	p.Val425Met	missense_variant	Exon 4 of 13	1	NM_024675.4	ENSP00000261584.4

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.000131

AC:

AN:

152196

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00115

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00228

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.0000441

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD2 exomes

AF:

0.000204

AC:

AN:

250382

AF XY:

0.000236

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00120

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.0000618

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.000164

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.0000889

AC:

130

AN:

1461834

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.000121

AC XY:

AN XY:

727222

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.0000299

AC:

AN:

33480

American (AMR)

AF:

0.0000224

AC:

AN:

44724

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

26136

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.000529

AC:

AN:

39698

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.000835

AC:

AN:

86258

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

53374

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5768

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.0000207

AC:

AN:

1112002

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.000199

AC:

AN:

60394

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.487

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.000131

AC:

AN:

152314

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.000201

AC XY:

AN XY:

74490

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

41562

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

15296

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

3470

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00116

AC:

AN:

5190

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00228

AC:

AN:

4824

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

10622

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

294

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.0000441

AC:

AN:

68032

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

2112

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.517

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Genome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

Alfa

AF:

0.0000533

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.0000529

ExAC

AF:

0.000222

AC:

Asia WGS

AF:

0.00115

AC:

AN:

3478

EpiCase

AF:

0.00

EpiControl

AF:

0.000119

ClinVar

Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity

Submissions summary: Uncertain:3Benign:10

Revision: criteria provided, conflicting classifications

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Familial cancer of breast

Uncertain:1Benign:2

Jul 25, 2017

Counsyl

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:clinical testing

This submission and the accompanying classification are no longer maintained by the submitter. For more information on current observations and classification, please contact variantquestions@myriad.com. -

Feb 02, 2025

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance:Benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Mar 30, 2023

Myriad Genetics, Inc.

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This variant is considered likely benign. This variant is strongly associated with less severe personal and family histories of cancer, typical for individuals without pathogenic variants in this gene [PMID: 25085752]. -

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome

Benign:3

Apr 07, 2020

Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Dec 02, 2020

Ambry Genetics

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This alteration is classified as likely benign based on a combination of the following: seen in unaffected individuals, population frequency, intact protein function, lack of segregation with disease, co-occurrence, RNA analysis, in silico models, amino acid conservation, lack of disease association in case-control studies, and/or the mechanism of disease or impacted region is inconsistent with a known cause of pathogenicity. -

Aug 25, 2021

Sema4, Sema4

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:curation

- -

not provided

Uncertain:1Benign:1

Jan 15, 2021

GeneDx

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 20722467, 28825143, 18446436, 21618343, 25980754, 29387807, 26489409) -

Jul 17, 2024

Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute San Juan Capistrano

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

The PALB2 c.1273G>A (p.Val425Met) variant has been reported in the published literature in individuals affected with breast cancer (PMIDs: 18446436 (2009), 20722467 (2010), 21618343 (2011), 26489409 (2015), 28825143 (2017), 30287823 (2018)), a Lynch syndrome-associated cancer and/or colorectal polyps (PMID: 25980754 (2015)), colorectal cancer (PMIDs: 28135145 (2017), 33309985 (2020)), prostate cancer (PMID: 31214711 (2020)), as well as in reportedly healthy individuals (PMIDs: 20722467 (2010), 30287823 (2018), 33309985 (2020)). One functional study reported that this variant does not interfere with histone binding as a part of DNA repair (PMID: 32041954 (2020)), however further research is needed. The frequency of this variant in the general population, 0.0015 (21/14420 chromosomes (Genome Aggregation Database, http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org)), is uninformative in the assessment of its pathogenicity. Analysis of this variant using bioinformatics tools for the prediction of the effect of amino acid changes on protein structure and function yielded predictions that this variant is benign. Based on the available information, we are unable to determine the clinical significance of this variant. -

Malignant tumor of breast

Uncertain:1

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Sinai Health System

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:clinical testing

PALB2, EXON4, c.1273G>A, p.Val425Met, Heterozygous, Uncertain Significance The PALB2 p.Val425Met variant was identified in 8 of 19,474 proband chromosomes (frequency: 0.0004) from individuals with breast cancer or Lynch syndrome and was present in 9 of 23,568 control chromosomes (frequency: 0.0004) from healthy individuals (Momozawa 2018, Li 2015, Yurgelun 2015, Cao 2008, Hellebrand 2011, Guenard 2010). The variant was also identified in dbSNP (rs576081828) as â€šÃ„Ãºwith uncertain significance alleleâ€šÃ„Ã¹, ClinVar (classified as uncertain significance by GeneDx and 3 others and as likely benign by Invitae). The variant was identified in control databases in 59 of 276,862 chromosomes at a frequency of 0.0002 (Genome Aggregation Database Feb 27, 2017). The variant was observed in the following populations: East Asian in 27 of 18,866 chromosomes (freq: 0.001), Other in 1 of 6464 chromosomes (freq: 0.0002), European in 10 of 126,422 chromosomes (freq: 0.00008), and South Asian in 21 of 30,776 chromosomes (freq: 0.0007); it was not observed in the African, Latino, Ashkenazi Jewish or Finnish populations. The p.Val425Met residue is not conserved in mammals and four out of five computational analyses (PolyPhen-2, SIFT, AlignGVGD, BLOSUM, MutationTaster) do not suggest a high likelihood of impact to the protein; however, this information is not predictive enough to rule out pathogenicity. The variant occurs outside of the splicing consensus sequence and in silico or computational prediction software programs (SpliceSiteFinder, MaxEntScan, NNSPLICE, GeneSplicer) do not predict a difference in splicing. In summary, based on the above information, the clinical significance of this variant cannot be determined with certainty at this time. This variant is classified as a variant of uncertain significance. -

not specified

Benign:1

Oct 10, 2018

Leiden Open Variation Database

Significance:Benign

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:curation

Curators: Marc Tischkowitz, Arleen D. Auerbach. Submitter to LOVD: Yukihide Momozawa. -

PALB2-related disorder

Benign:1

Apr 10, 2023

PreventionGenetics, part of Exact Sciences

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:clinical testing

This variant is classified as likely benign based on ACMG/AMP sequence variant interpretation guidelines (Richards et al. 2015 PMID: 25741868, with internal and published modifications). -

Breast and/or ovarian cancer

Benign:1

May 25, 2023

CHEO Genetics Diagnostic Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Hereditary breast ovarian cancer syndrome

Benign:1

Apr 09, 2024

German Consortium for Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer, University Hospital Cologne

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:curation

According to the ClinGen ACMG PALB2 v1.0.0 criteria we chose these criteria: BP1 (supporting benign): Missense variant in a gene for which primarily truncating variants are known to cause disease., BS1 (strong benign): GnomAD Filtering Allele Frequency greater than expected for disease >.01%. gnomAD v2.1.1: 0x homo, 57x het, MAF 0,02% -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Benign

0.11

BayesDel_addAF

Benign

-0.59

BayesDel_noAF

Benign

-0.62

CADD

Benign

(source)

DANN

Uncertain

0.98

DEOGEN2

Benign

0.012

T;T

Eigen

Benign

-0.83

Eigen_PC

Benign

-0.73

FATHMM_MKL

Benign

0.63

LIST_S2

Benign

0.63

T;T

M_CAP

Benign

0.0077

MetaRNN

Benign

0.0094

T;T

MetaSVM

Benign

-1.0

MutationAssessor

Benign

0.34

.;N

PhyloP100

0.76

PrimateAI

Benign

0.34

PROVEAN

Benign

0.51

N;N

REVEL

Benign

0.058

Sift

Uncertain

0.0080

D;D

Sift4G

Benign

0.078

T;D

Polyphen

0.023

.;B

Vest4

0.17

MutPred

0.45

.;Gain of MoRF binding (P = 0.0815);

MVP

0.23

MPC

0.054

ClinPred

0.027

GERP RS

1.3

Varity_R

0.049

gMVP

0.23

Mutation Taster

=97/3

polymorphism

(source)

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

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Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

Age Distribution

Age Distribution

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over