NM_024675.4:c.1337A>T

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely benign. The variant received -4 ACMG points: 0P and 4B. BP4_Strong

The NM_024675.4(PALB2):c.1337A>T(p.Asp446Val) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000118 in 1,614,132 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 16/22 in silico tools predict a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity (no stars). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. D446G) has been classified as Likely benign.

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.000053 ( 0 hom., cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000075 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

PALB2
NM_024675.4 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity criteria provided, conflicting classifications U:11B:2

Conservation

PhyloP100: 0.514

Publications

13 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

PALB2 (HGNC:26144): (partner and localizer of BRCA2) This gene encodes a protein that may function in tumor suppression. This protein binds to and colocalizes with the breast cancer 2 early onset protein (BRCA2) in nuclear foci and likely permits the stable intranuclear localization and accumulation of BRCA2. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

PALB2 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

hereditary breast carcinoma
Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: ClinGen, Ambry Genetics
Fanconi anemia complementation group N
Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: G2P, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), ClinGen, Ambry Genetics
pancreatic cancer, susceptibility to, 3
Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
familial ovarian cancer
Inheritance: AD Classification: MODERATE Submitted by: ClinGen
Fanconi anemia
Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer
Inheritance: AD Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: ClinGen

PALB2 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Likely_benign. The variant received -4 ACMG points.

BP4

Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.02500552).

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
PALB2	NM_024675.4 link	c.1337A>T	p.Asp446Val	missense_variant	Exon 4 of 13	ENST00000261584.9	NP_078951.2	Q86YC2

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
PALB2	ENST00000261584.9 link	c.1337A>T	p.Asp446Val	missense_variant	Exon 4 of 13	1	NM_024675.4	ENSP00000261584.4		Q86YC2

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.0000526

AC:

AN:

152202

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.000193

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD2 exomes

AF:

0.0000240

AC:

AN:

249862

AF XY:

0.0000148

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.000384

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.00000752

AC:

AN:

1461812

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.00000550

AC XY:

AN XY:

727212

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.000299

AC:

AN:

33476

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

44724

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

26136

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

39698

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

86256

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

53386

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5764

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

8.99e-7

AC:

AN:

1111978

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

60394

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.502

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.0000525

AC:

AN:

152320

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000134

AC XY:

AN XY:

74488

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.000192

AC:

AN:

41578

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

15296

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

3468

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5184

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

4818

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

10626

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

294

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

68030

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

2114

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.531

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Genome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

Alfa

AF:

0.00

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.0000642

ESP6500AA

AF:

0.000683

AC:

ESP6500EA

AF:

0.00

AC:

ExAC

AF:

0.0000247

AC:

ClinVar

Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity

Submissions summary: Uncertain:11Benign:2

Revision: criteria provided, conflicting classifications

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Familial cancer of breast

Uncertain:2Benign:1

Feb 20, 2024

Baylor Genetics

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Jan 19, 2025

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This sequence change replaces aspartic acid, which is acidic and polar, with valine, which is neutral and non-polar, at codon 446 of the PALB2 protein (p.Asp446Val). This variant is present in population databases (rs146434474, gnomAD 0.03%). This missense change has been observed in individual(s) with breast cancer (PMID: 32868316). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 216742). Invitae Evidence Modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) indicates that this missense variant is not expected to disrupt PALB2 protein function with a negative predictive value of 80%. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Apr 01, 2025

Myriad Genetics, Inc.

Significance:Benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This variant is considered benign. This variant is strongly associated with less severe personal and family histories of cancer, typical for individuals without pathogenic variants in this gene [PMID: 25085752]. This variant has been observed in trans with a known pathogenic variant in one or more individuals lacking clinical features consistent with gene-specific recessive disease. -

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome

Uncertain:2Benign:1

Dec 23, 2021

Sema4, Sema4

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:curation

- -

Feb 16, 2022

Ambry Genetics

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This alteration is classified as likely benign based on a combination of the following: seen in unaffected individuals, population frequency, intact protein function, lack of segregation with disease, co-occurrence, RNA analysis, in silico models, amino acid conservation, lack of disease association in case-control studies, and/or the mechanism of disease or impacted region is inconsistent with a known cause of pathogenicity. -

Nov 21, 2023

Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This missense variant replaces aspartic acid with valine at codon 446 of the PALB2 protein. Computational prediction suggests that this variant may not impact protein structure and function. To our knowledge, functional studies have not been reported for this variant. This variant has been reported in a woman affected with breast cancer (PMID: 32868316) and in three men (PMID: 32832836), all of whom are of African ancestry. This variant has been identified in 7/281272 chromosomes in the general population by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). The available evidence is insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease conclusively. Therefore, this variant is classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

not provided

Uncertain:2

Jul 15, 2024

Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute San Juan Capistrano

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

The PALB2 c.1337A>T (p.Asp446Val) variant has been reported in the published literature in individuals with breast cancer (PMID: 23555315 (2013), 32868316 (2020)). This variant has also been identified in a cohort of individuals with prostate cancer and reportedly healthy individuals (PMID: 32832836 (2020)). The frequency of this variant in the general population, 0.00029 (7/24324 chromosomes (Genome Aggregation Database, http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org)), is uninformative in the assessment of its pathogenicity. Analysis of this variant using bioinformatics tools for the prediction of the effect of amino acid changes on protein structure and function yielded predictions that this variant is benign. Based on the available information, we are unable to determine the clinical significance of this variant. -

Apr 03, 2023

GeneDx

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

In silico analysis supports that this missense variant does not alter protein structure/function; Observed in individuals with breast cancer (Purrington et al., 2020); This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 22193777, 32868316, 23555315) -

not specified

Uncertain:1

Sep 06, 2019

Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Variant summary: PALB2 c.1337A>T (p.Asp446Val) results in a non-conservative amino acid change in the encoded protein sequence. Four of five in-silico tools predict a benign effect of the variant on protein function. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 2.4e-05 in 249862 control chromosomes. The available data on variant occurrences in the general population are insufficient to allow any conclusion about variant significance. To our knowledge, no occurrence of c.1337A>T in individuals affected with Breast Cancer and no experimental evidence demonstrating its impact on protein function have been reported. Five clinical diagnostic laboratories have submitted clinical-significance assessments for this variant to ClinVar after 2014 without evidence for independent evaluation. All laboratories classified the variant as uncertain significance. Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as uncertain significance. -

Familial cancer of breast;C1835817:Fanconi anemia complementation group N;C3150547:Pancreatic cancer, susceptibility to, 3

Uncertain:1

Jul 15, 2021

Fulgent Genetics, Fulgent Genetics

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

PALB2-related disorder

Uncertain:1

Nov 18, 2022

PreventionGenetics, part of Exact Sciences

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

The PALB2 c.1337A>T variant is predicted to result in the amino acid substitution p.Asp446Val. This variant was identified in a genome-wide SNP array study of individuals with breast and prostate cancer (Table S6, Haiman et al. 2013. PubMed ID: 23555315, reported as rs146434474), a study of African-American women with breast cancer (Table S5, Purrington et al. 2020. PubMed ID: 32868316), and in a cohort of patients with advanced cancer (see eTable for Mandelker D et al 2017. PubMed ID: 28873162). No additional functional or genetic segregation data was provided in any of these studies to help establish pathogenicity of the c.1337A>T (p.Asp446Val) variant. This variant is reported in 0.029% of alleles in individuals of African descent in gnomAD (http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/16-23646530-T-A) and has been reported in ClinVar as uncertain (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/216742/). At this time, the clinical significance of this variant is uncertain due to the absence of conclusive functional and genetic evidence. -

Breast-ovarian cancer, familial, susceptibility to, 5

Uncertain:1

Jun 17, 2025

St. Jude Molecular Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

The PALB2 c.1337A>T p.(Asp446Val) missense change has a maximum subpopulation frequency of 0.029% in gnomAD v2.1.1 (https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/). The in silico tool REVEL predicts a benign effect on protein function, but to our knowledge this prediction has not been confirmed by functional studies. To our knowledge, this variant has not been reported as pathogenic in individuals with PALB2-associated conditions. In summary, the evidence currently available is insufficient to determine the clinical significance of this variant. It has therefore been classified as of uncertain significance. -

Retinoblastoma

Uncertain:1

Feb 15, 2017

St. Jude Molecular Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Benign

0.10

BayesDel_addAF

Benign

-0.52

BayesDel_noAF

Benign

-0.67

CADD

Benign

(source)

DANN

Benign

0.96

DEOGEN2

Benign

0.023

T;T

Eigen

Benign

-0.78

Eigen_PC

Benign

-0.78

FATHMM_MKL

Benign

0.14

LIST_S2

Benign

0.73

T;T

M_CAP

Benign

0.010

MetaRNN

Benign

0.025

T;T

MetaSVM

Benign

-0.99

MutationAssessor

Benign

1.4

.;L

PhyloP100

0.51

PrimateAI

Benign

0.24

PROVEAN

Benign

-1.2

N;N

REVEL

Benign

0.028

Sift

Benign

0.043

D;D

Sift4G

Benign

0.19

T;T

Polyphen

0.0040

.;B

Vest4

0.22

MVP

0.40

MPC

0.090

ClinPred

0.022

GERP RS

0.80

Varity_R

0.10

gMVP

0.21

Mutation Taster

=93/7

polymorphism

(source)

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

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Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

Age Distribution

Age Distribution

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over