NM_058216.3:c.721G>A

Variant names:

• chr17-58709874-G-A
• rs184033132
• NM_058216.3:c.721G>A

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. Variant got 0 ACMG points: 0P and 0B.

The NM_058216.3(RAD51C):​c.721G>A​(p.Val241Met) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000466 in 1,608,164 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★).

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: 𝑓 0.000026 (0 hom., cov: 30)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.000049 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: RAD51C NM_058216.3 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:14
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 1.43

Genes affected

RAD51C (HGNC:9820): (RAD51 paralog C) This gene is a member of the RAD51 family. RAD51 family members are highly similar to bacterial RecA and Saccharomyces cerevisiae Rad51 and are known to be involved in the homologous recombination and repair of DNA. This protein can interact with other RAD51 paralogs and is reported to be important for Holliday junction resolution. Mutations in this gene are associated with Fanconi anemia-like syndrome. This gene is one of four localized to a region of chromosome 17q23 where amplification occurs frequently in breast tumors. Overexpression of the four genes during amplification has been observed and suggests a possible role in tumor progression. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2013]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Uncertain_significance. Variant got 0 ACMG points.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
RAD51C	NM_058216.3	c.721G>A	p.Val241Met	missense_variant	Exon 5 of 9	ENST00000337432.9	NP_478123.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
RAD51C	ENST00000337432.9	c.721G>A	p.Val241Met	missense_variant	Exon 5 of 9	1	NM_058216.3	ENSP00000336701.4

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes AF: 0.0000263 AC: 4 AN: 152038 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 30

Gnomad AFR AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMI AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad SAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN AF: 0.00

Gnomad MID AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE AF: 0.0000588

Gnomad OTH AF: 0.00

GnomAD3 exomes AF: 0.00000796 AC: 2 AN: 251406 Hom.: 0 AF XY: 0.00000736 AC XY: 1 AN XY: 135874

Gnomad AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE exome AF: 0.0000176

Gnomad OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.0000488 AC: 71 AN: 1456126 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 30 AF XY: 0.0000510 AC XY: 37 AN XY: 724878

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 0.0000596

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.0000830

GnomAD4 genome AF: 0.0000263 AC: 4 AN: 152038 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 30 AF XY: 0.0000404 AC XY: 3 AN XY: 74264

Gnomad4 AFR AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 AMR AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE AF: 0.0000588

Gnomad4 OTH AF: 0.00

Alfa AF: 0.000150 Hom.: 0

EpiCase AF: 0.000109

EpiControl AF: 0.0000593

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:14

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Uncertain:4

Jan 09, 2023

Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This missense variant replaces valine with methionine at codon 241 of the RAD51C protein. Computational prediction suggests that this variant may not impact protein structure and function (internally defined REVEL score threshold <= 0.5, PMID: 27666373). To our knowledge, functional studies have not been reported for this variant. This variant has been reported in an individual affected with acute myeloid leukemia as well as in one individual with sarcoma (PMID: 26689913, 27498913). In a large breast cancer case-control study, this variant was identified in 1/60465 cases and 3/53458 controls; OR=0.295 (95%CI 0.031 to 2.833); p-value=0.347 (PMID: 33471991 - Leiden Open Variation Database DB-ID RAD51C_000180). This variant has also been identified in 4/282792 chromosomes in the general population by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). The available evidence is insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease conclusively. Therefore, this variant is classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Jul 12, 2021

Sema4, Sema4

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: curation

- -

Mar 15, 2018

True Health Diagnostics

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Oct 25, 2024

Ambry Genetics

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The p.V241M variant (also known as c.721G>A), located in coding exon 5 of the RAD51C gene, results from a G to A substitution at nucleotide position 721. The valine at codon 241 is replaced by methionine, an amino acid with highly similar properties. This alteration has been detected in a patient diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia and in a patient diagnosed with sarcoma (Lu C et al. Nat Commun. 2015 Dec;6:10086; Ballinger ML et al. Lancet Oncol. 2016 Sep;17:1261-71). In a homology-directed DNA repair (HDR) assay, this alteration showed a functionally normal read-out (Hu C et al. Cancer Res, 2023 Aug;83:2557-2571). This amino acid position is not well conserved in available vertebrate species. In addition, the in silico prediction for this alteration is inconclusive. Based on the available evidence, the clinical significance of this variant remains unclear. -

not provided Uncertain:3

Mar 21, 2024

Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute San Juan Capistrano

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The RAD51C c.721G>A (p.Val241Met) variant has been reported in the published literature in an individual with acute myeloid leukemia (PMID: 26689913 (2015)), and observed in an individual with breast cancer as well as in several reportedly healthy individuals in a breast cancer association study (PMID: 33471991 (2021), see also LOVD (http://databases.lovd.nl/shared)). An experimental study reported this variant has neutral effects on the DNA repair activity of RAD51C protein (PMID: 37253112 (2023)). The frequency of this variant in the general population, 0.000031 (4/129130 chromosomes (Genome Aggregation Database, http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org)), is uninformative in the assessment of its pathogenicity. Analysis of this variant using bioinformatics tools for the prediction of the effect of amino acid changes on protein structure and function yielded conflicting predictions that this variant is benign or damaging. Based on the available information, we are unable to determine the clinical significance of this variant. -

Sep 13, 2021

ARUP Laboratories, Molecular Genetics and Genomics, ARUP Laboratories

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The RAD51C c.721G>A; p.Val241Met variant (rs184033132) is reported in the literature in an individual affected with acute myeloid leukemia, although its clinical significance was no demonstrated (Lu 2015). This variant is found on only four chromosomes (4/282792 alleles) in the Genome Aggregation Database. The valine at codon 241 is moderately conserved, and computational analyses are uncertain whether this variant is neutral or deleterious (REVEL: 0.38). Given the lack of clinical and functional data, the significance of the p.Val241Met variant is uncertain at this time. References: Lu C et al. Patterns and functional implications of rare germline variants across 12 cancer types. Nat Commun. 2015 Dec 22;6:10086. PMID: 26689913. -

Jul 13, 2023

GeneDx

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

Not observed at significant frequency in large population cohorts (gnomAD); In silico analysis supports that this missense variant does not alter protein structure/function; Observed in individuals with a personal history of acute myelogenous leukemia or Ewing sarcoma (Lu et al., 2015; Ballinger et al., 2016); This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 26689913, 27498913, 14704354, 33471991) -

Fanconi anemia complementation group O Uncertain:2

Jan 21, 2025

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This sequence change replaces valine, which is neutral and non-polar, with methionine, which is neutral and non-polar, at codon 241 of the RAD51C protein (p.Val241Met). This variant is present in population databases (rs184033132, gnomAD 0.003%). This missense change has been observed in individual(s) with breast cancer and/or sarcoma (PMID: 27498913, 34326862). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 136162). Invitae Evidence Modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) indicates that this missense variant is not expected to disrupt RAD51C protein function with a negative predictive value of 80%. Experimental studies have shown that this missense change does not substantially affect RAD51C function (PMID: 37253112). In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Jan 13, 2018

Illumina Laboratory Services, Illumina

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This variant was observed in the ICSL laboratory as part of a predisposition screen in an ostensibly healthy population. It had not been previously curated by ICSL or reported in the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD: prior to June 1st, 2018), and was therefore a candidate for classification through an automated scoring system. Utilizing variant allele frequency, disease prevalence and penetrance estimates, and inheritance mode, an automated score was calculated to assess if this variant is too frequent to cause the disease. Based on the score, this variant could not be ruled out of causing disease and therefore its association with disease required further investigation. A literature search was performed for the gene, cDNA change, and amino acid change (if applicable). No publications were found based on this search. This variant was therefore classified as a variant of unknown significance for this disease. -

Breast-ovarian cancer, familial, susceptibility to, 3 Uncertain:2

Feb 16, 2024

Baylor Genetics

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Jan 13, 2018

Illumina Laboratory Services, Illumina

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This variant was observed in the ICSL laboratory as part of a predisposition screen in an ostensibly healthy population. It had not been previously curated by ICSL or reported in the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD: prior to June 1st, 2018), and was therefore a candidate for classification through an automated scoring system. Utilizing variant allele frequency, disease prevalence and penetrance estimates, and inheritance mode, an automated score was calculated to assess if this variant is too frequent to cause the disease. Based on the score, this variant could not be ruled out of causing disease and therefore its association with disease required further investigation. A literature search was performed for the gene, cDNA change, and amino acid change (if applicable). No publications were found based on this search. This variant was therefore classified as a variant of unknown significance for this disease. -

not specified Uncertain:1

Feb 12, 2021

Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

Variant summary: RAD51C c.721G>A (p.Val241Met) results in a conservative amino acid change in the encoded protein sequence. Four of five in-silico tools predict a benign effect of the variant on protein function. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 8e-06 in 251406 control chromosomes. The available data on variant occurrences in the general population are insufficient to allow any conclusion about variant significance. c.721G>A has been reported in the literature in an individual affected with AML (Lu_2015), but has not to our knowledge been reported in patients with Hereditary Breast And Ovarian Cancer Syndrome. This report does not provide unequivocal conclusions about association of the variant with Hereditary Breast And Ovarian Cancer Syndrome. To our knowledge, no experimental evidence demonstrating an impact on protein function has been reported. Seven clinical diagnostic laboratories have submitted clinical-significance assessments for this variant to ClinVar after 2014 without evidence for independent evaluation. All laboratories classified the variant as uncertain significance. Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as uncertain significance. -

Breast and/or ovarian cancer Uncertain:1

Aug 24, 2022

CHEO Genetics Diagnostic Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Fanconi anemia complementation group O;C3150659:Breast-ovarian cancer, familial, susceptibility to, 3 Uncertain:1

May 19, 2022

Fulgent Genetics, Fulgent Genetics

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Benign	0.27
BayesDel_addAF	Uncertain	0.16	D
BayesDel_noAF	Uncertain	0.0
CADD	Uncertain	24
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Benign	0.12	T;T;T;T;.
Eigen	Uncertain	0.41
Eigen_PC	Uncertain	0.44
FATHMM_MKL	Benign	0.60	D
LIST_S2	Uncertain	0.95	D;D;D;T;D
M_CAP	Benign	0.041	D
MetaRNN	Uncertain	0.54	D;D;D;D;D
MetaSVM	Uncertain	-0.16	T
MutationAssessor	Pathogenic	3.1	.;.;M;.;.
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.57	T
PROVEAN	Benign	-1.5	.;.;N;N;.
REVEL	Uncertain	0.38
Sift	Benign	0.055	.;.;T;D;.
Sift4G	Benign	0.068	T;T;T;.;D
Polyphen		0.79	.;.;P;.;.
Vest4		0.62, 0.61
MVP		0.91
MPC		0.70
ClinPred		0.90	D
GERP RS		5.0
Varity_R		0.10
gMVP		0.59

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.060		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs184033132; hg19: chr17-56787235;