NM_138694.4:c.2168G>T

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Benign. The variant received -11 ACMG points: 2P and 13B. PM1BP4_StrongBP6BS1BS2

The NM_138694.4(PKHD1):c.2168G>T(p.Arg723Leu) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000879 in 1,614,006 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, including 16 homozygotes. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity (no stars). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. R723C) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.00066 ( 1 hom., cov: 33)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.00090 ( 15 hom. )

Consequence

PKHD1
NM_138694.4 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity criteria provided, conflicting classifications U:1B:6

Conservation

PhyloP100: 0.782

Publications

7 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

PKHD1 (HGNC:9016): (PKHD1 ciliary IPT domain containing fibrocystin/polyductin) The protein encoded by this gene is predicted to have a single transmembrane (TM)-spanning domain and multiple copies of an immunoglobulin-like plexin-transcription-factor domain. Alternative splicing results in two transcript variants encoding different isoforms. Other alternatively spliced transcripts have been described, but the full length sequences have not been determined. Several of these transcripts are predicted to encode truncated products which lack the TM and may be secreted. Mutations in this gene cause autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease, also known as polycystic kidney and hepatic disease-1. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

PKHD1 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease
Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: ClinGen, Myriad Women’s Health, Orphanet
polycystic kidney disease 4
Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), G2P, Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Genomics England PanelApp
Caroli disease
Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet

PKHD1 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Benign. The variant received -11 ACMG points.

PM1

In a hotspot region, there are 5 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 1 benign, 3 uncertain in NM_138694.4

BP4

Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.009211212).

BP6

Variant 6-52050268-C-A is Benign according to our data. Variant chr6-52050268-C-A is described in ClinVar as Conflicting_classifications_of_pathogenicity. ClinVar VariationId is 498428.

BS1

Variant frequency is greater than expected in population sas. GnomAd4 allele frequency = 0.000663 (101/152272) while in subpopulation SAS AF = 0.0118 (57/4814). AF 95% confidence interval is 0.00938. There are 1 homozygotes in GnomAd4. There are 70 alleles in the male GnomAd4 subpopulation. Median coverage is 33. This position passed quality control check.

BS2

High Homozygotes in GnomAdExome4 at 15 AR gene

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
PKHD1	NM_138694.4 link	c.2168G>T	p.Arg723Leu	missense_variant	Exon 22 of 67	ENST00000371117.8	NP_619639.3	P08F94-1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
PKHD1	ENST00000371117.8 link	c.2168G>T	p.Arg723Leu	missense_variant	Exon 22 of 67	1	NM_138694.4	ENSP00000360158.3		P08F94-1
PKHD1	ENST00000340994.4 link	c.2168G>T	p.Arg723Leu	missense_variant	Exon 22 of 61	5		ENSP00000341097.4		P08F94-2

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.000657

AC:

100

AN:

152154

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.0000483

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.000916

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.000864

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.000193

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.0116

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00316

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.000338

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD2 exomes

AF:

0.00153

AC:

383

AN:

250710

AF XY:

0.00206

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.0000622

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.000376

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.000795

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.0000545

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.000388

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00131

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.000901

AC:

1317

AN:

1461734

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.00123

AC XY:

891

AN XY:

727196

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.000239

AC:

AN:

33476

American (AMR)

AF:

0.000470

AC:

AN:

44722

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.000421

AC:

AN:

26136

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.0000252

AC:

AN:

39682

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00954

AC:

823

AN:

86248

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

53362

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00503

AC:

AN:

5768

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.000318

AC:

354

AN:

1111956

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00116

AC:

AN:

60384

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.480

Heterozygous variant carriers

176

263

351

439

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het

Exome Hom

Variant carriers

100

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.000663

AC:

101

AN:

152272

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.000940

AC XY:

AN XY:

74438

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.0000481

AC:

AN:

41564

American (AMR)

AF:

0.000915

AC:

AN:

15304

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.000864

AC:

AN:

3472

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.000193

AC:

AN:

5172

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.0118

AC:

AN:

4814

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

10596

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00340

AC:

AN:

294

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.000338

AC:

AN:

68032

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

2112

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.472

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Genome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

Alfa

AF:

0.000539

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.000276

TwinsUK

AF:

0.000270

AC:

ALSPAC

AF:

0.000259

AC:

ESP6500AA

AF:

0.00

AC:

ESP6500EA

AF:

0.000233

AC:

ExAC

AF:

0.00173

AC:

210

EpiCase

AF:

0.000981

EpiControl

AF:

0.000771

ClinVar

Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity

Submissions summary: Uncertain:1Benign:6

Revision: criteria provided, conflicting classifications

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease

Uncertain:1Benign:2

Jan 07, 2025

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance:Benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Dec 17, 2019

Natera, Inc.

Significance:Benign

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Jan 12, 2018

Illumina Laboratory Services, Illumina

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This variant was observed in the ICSL laboratory as part of a predisposition screen in an ostensibly healthy population. It had not been previously curated by ICSL or reported in the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD: prior to June 1st, 2018), and was therefore a candidate for classification through an automated scoring system. Utilizing variant allele frequency, disease prevalence and penetrance estimates, and inheritance mode, an automated score was calculated to assess if this variant is too frequent to cause the disease. Based on the score, this variant could not be ruled out of causing disease and therefore its association with disease required further investigation. A literature search was performed for the gene, cDNA change, and amino acid change (if applicable). No publications were found based on this search. This variant was therefore classified as a variant of unknown significance for this disease. -

not specified

Benign:2

Jul 12, 2022

Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Variant summary: PKHD1 c.2168G>T (p.Arg723Leu) results in a non-conservative amino acid change in the encoded protein sequence. Four of five in-silico tools predict a benign effect of the variant on protein function. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0015 in 250710 control chromosomes (gnomAD), predominantly at a frequency of 0.01 within the South Asian subpopulation in the gnomAD database, including 4 homozygotes. The observed variant frequency within South Asian control individuals in the gnomAD database is approximately 1.41 fold of the estimated maximal expected allele frequency for a pathogenic variant in PKHD1 causing Polycystic Kidney And Hepatic Disease (0.0071), suggesting that the variant is a benign polymorphism found primarily in populations of South Asian origin. c.2168G>T has been reported in the literature in one heterozygous individual affected with Polycystic Kidney Disease, however this individual also carried a different pathogenic variant in the PKD1 gene (c.6040C>T, p.Gln2014Ter) that was determined to be the cause of the patient's phenotype (Eisenberger_2014). To our knowledge, no experimental evidence demonstrating an impact on protein function has been reported. Five ClinVar submitters have assessed the variant since 2014: one classified the variant as VUS, one as likely benign, and three as benign. Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as likely benign. -

Nov 10, 2016

Eurofins Ntd Llc (ga)

Significance:Benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

not provided

Benign:1

Nov 01, 2024

CeGaT Center for Human Genetics Tuebingen

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

PKHD1: PM5, BP4, BS2 -

Polycystic kidney disease 4

Benign:1

May 18, 2021

Genome-Nilou Lab

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Benign

0.20

BayesDel_addAF

Benign

-0.35

BayesDel_noAF

Benign

-0.26

CADD

Benign

(source)

DANN

Uncertain

1.0

DEOGEN2

Uncertain

0.60

D;.

Eigen

Benign

-0.21

Eigen_PC

Benign

-0.11

FATHMM_MKL

Benign

0.20

LIST_S2

Benign

0.81

T;T

MetaRNN

Benign

0.0092

T;T

MetaSVM

Benign

-0.65

MutationAssessor

Uncertain

2.5

M;M

PhyloP100

0.78

PrimateAI

Benign

0.33

PROVEAN

Uncertain

-3.0

D;D

REVEL

Pathogenic

0.68

Sift

Benign

0.15

T;T

Sift4G

Benign

0.098

T;T

Polyphen

0.17

B;B

Vest4

0.39

MVP

0.94

MPC

0.21

ClinPred

0.042

GERP RS

3.8

Varity_R

0.10

gMVP

0.56

Mutation Taster

=96/4

polymorphism

(source)

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.18

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

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Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

Age Distribution

Age Distribution

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over