NM_181458.4:c.572T>C

Variant names:

• chr2-222294181-A-G
• rs199560470
• NM_181458.4:c.572T>C

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely benign. The variant received -5 ACMG points: 2P and 7B. PP2 PP3 BP4_Moderate BP6 BS1

The NM_181458.4(PAX3):​c.572T>C​(p.Ile191Thr) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000644 in 1,614,206 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, including 1 homozygotes. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity (no stars). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. I191F) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: 𝑓 0.000033 (0 hom., cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.000068 (1 hom.)
• Consequence: PAX3 NM_181458.4 missense
• Clinical Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity criteria provided, conflicting classifications U:1 B:3
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 8.94
• Publications: 2 publications found

Genes affected

PAX3 (HGNC:8617): (paired box 3) This gene is a member of the paired box (PAX) family of transcription factors. Members of the PAX family typically contain a paired box domain and a paired-type homeodomain. These genes play critical roles during fetal development. Mutations in paired box gene 3 are associated with Waardenburg syndrome, craniofacial-deafness-hand syndrome, and alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma. The translocation t(2;13)(q35;q14), which represents a fusion between PAX3 and the forkhead gene, is a frequent finding in alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma. Alternative splicing results in transcripts encoding isoforms with different C-termini. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

PAX3 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• craniofacial-deafness-hand syndrome

  Inheritance: AD, Unknown Classification: DEFINITIVE, SUPPORTIVE, LIMITED Submitted by: Orphanet, G2P, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
• Waardenburg syndrome

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: ClinGen
• Waardenburg syndrome type 1

  Inheritance: AR, AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, MODERATE, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: PanelApp Australia, G2P, Orphanet, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
• Waardenburg syndrome type 3

  Inheritance: AR, AD Classification: STRONG, SUPPORTIVE, LIMITED Submitted by: Ambry Genetics, Orphanet, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Likely_benign. The variant received -5 ACMG points.

• PP2: Missense variant in the gene, where a lot of missense mutations are associated with disease in ClinVar. The gene has 47 curated pathogenic missense variants (we use a threshold of 10). The gene has 9 curated benign missense variants. Gene score misZ: 1.618 (below the threshold of 3.09). Trascript score misZ: 1.7934 (below the threshold of 3.09). GenCC associations: The gene is linked to Waardenburg syndrome type 3, Waardenburg syndrome type 1, Waardenburg syndrome, craniofacial-deafness-hand syndrome.
• PP3: Multiple lines of computational evidence support a deleterious effect 8: AlphaMissense, BayesDel_noAF, Cadd, M_CAP, phyloP100way_vertebrate, PrimateAI, REVEL, REVEL [when max_spliceai, FATHMM_MKL, MetaRNN, MutationTaster was below the threshold]
• BP4: Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.25896797).
• BP6: Variant 2-222294181-A-G is Benign according to our data. Variant chr2-222294181-A-G is described in ClinVar as Conflicting_classifications_of_pathogenicity. ClinVar VariationId is 229127.
• BS1: Variant frequency is greater than expected in population amr. GnomAdExome4 allele frequency = 0.0000677 (99/1461894) while in subpopulation AMR AF = 0.00215 (96/44724). AF 95% confidence interval is 0.0018. There are 1 homozygotes in GnomAdExome4. There are 52 alleles in the male GnomAdExome4 subpopulation. Median coverage is 35. This position passed quality control check.

Variant Effect in Transcripts

ACMG analysis was done for transcript: NM_181458.4. You can select a different transcript below to see updated ACMG assignments.

RefSeq Transcripts

Selected	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	PAX3	NM_181458.4	MANE Select	c.572T>C	p.Ile191Thr	missense	Exon 4 of 9	NP_852123.1
	PAX3	NM_181459.4		c.572T>C	p.Ile191Thr	missense	Exon 4 of 10	NP_852124.1
	PAX3	NM_001127366.3		c.569T>C	p.Ile190Thr	missense	Exon 4 of 9	NP_001120838.1

Ensembl Transcripts

Selected	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	PAX3	ENST00000392070.7	TSL:1 MANE Select	c.572T>C	p.Ile191Thr	missense	Exon 4 of 9	ENSP00000375922.3
	PAX3	ENST00000409551.7	TSL:1	c.569T>C	p.Ile190Thr	missense	Exon 4 of 9	ENSP00000386750.3
	PAX3	ENST00000336840.11	TSL:1	c.572T>C	p.Ile191Thr	missense	Exon 4 of 9	ENSP00000338767.5

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes AF: 0.0000329 AC: 5 AN: 152194 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32

Gnomad AFR AF: 0.0000241

Gnomad AMI AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR AF: 0.000262

Gnomad ASJ AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad SAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN AF: 0.00

Gnomad MID AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE AF: 0.00

Gnomad OTH AF: 0.00

GnomAD2 exomes AF: 0.000366 AC: 92 AN: 251492 AF XY: 0.000368

Gnomad AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR exome AF: 0.00266

Gnomad ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.0000677 AC: 99 AN: 1461894 Hom.: 1 Cov.: 35 AF XY: 0.0000715 AC XY: 52 AN XY: 727248

African (AFR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 33480

American (AMR) AF: 0.00215 AC: 96 AN: 44724

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 26136

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 39700

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 86258

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 53420

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 5768

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 1112012

Other (OTH) AF: 0.0000497 AC: 3 AN: 60396

GnomAD4 genome AF: 0.0000328 AC: 5 AN: 152312 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32 AF XY: 0.0000134 AC XY: 1 AN XY: 74480

African (AFR) AF: 0.0000241 AC: 1 AN: 41570

American (AMR) AF: 0.000261 AC: 4 AN: 15306

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 3472

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 5182

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 4824

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 10622

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 294

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 68014

Other (OTH) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 2116

Alfa AF: 0.000102 Hom.: 0

Bravo AF: 0.000185

ExAC AF: 0.000214 AC: 26

Asia WGS AF: 0.000289 AC: 1 AN: 3478

ClinVar

ClinVar submissions as Germline

Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity

Revision: criteria provided, conflicting classifications

Pathogenic	VUS	Benign	Condition
-	-	2	not provided (2)
-	1	-	not specified (1)
-	-	1	PAX3-related disorder (1)

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.9

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	1.0
BayesDel_addAF	Uncertain	0.15	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.44
CADD	Pathogenic	28
DANN	Uncertain	0.99
DEOGEN2	Uncertain	0.75	D
Eigen	Uncertain	0.54
Eigen_PC	Uncertain	0.56
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.99	D
LIST_S2	Uncertain	0.91	D
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.78	D
MetaRNN	Benign	0.26	T
MetaSVM	Pathogenic	1.0	D
MutationAssessor	Uncertain	2.9	M
PhyloP100		8.9
PrimateAI	Pathogenic	0.90	D
PROVEAN	Uncertain	-3.8	D
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.83
Sift	Uncertain	0.026	D
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.030	D
Polyphen		0.70	P
Vest4		0.77
MVP		0.95
MPC		0.89
ClinPred		0.35	T
GERP RS		4.8
Varity_R		0.35
gMVP		0.43
Mutation Taster		=15/85	disease causing

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs199560470; hg19: chr2-223158900;