X-32468509-G-A

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. The variant received 18 ACMG points: 18P and 0B. PVS1PM2PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_004006.3(DMD):c.3151C>T(p.Arg1051*) variant causes a stop gained change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000183 in 1,091,936 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. There are no hemizygote samples in GnomAD. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (★★). Synonymous variant affecting the same amino acid position (i.e. R1051R) has been classified as Likely benign. Variant results in nonsense mediated mRNA decay.

Frequency

Genomes: not found (cov: 22)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000018 ( 0 hom. 0 hem. )

Consequence

DMD
NM_004006.3 stop_gained

Scores

Clinical Significance

Pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:10

Conservation

PhyloP100: 3.70

Publications

8 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

DMD (HGNC:2928): (dystrophin) This gene spans a genomic range of greater than 2 Mb and encodes a large protein containing an N-terminal actin-binding domain and multiple spectrin repeats. The encoded protein forms a component of the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex (DGC), which bridges the inner cytoskeleton and the extracellular matrix. Deletions, duplications, and point mutations at this gene locus may cause Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD), or cardiomyopathy. Alternative promoter usage and alternative splicing result in numerous distinct transcript variants and protein isoforms for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2016]

DMD Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

Becker muscular dystrophy
Inheritance: XL Classification: DEFINITIVE, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Ambry Genetics, Orphanet
dilated cardiomyopathy 3B
Inheritance: XL Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: Ambry Genetics
Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophy
Inheritance: XL Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: Myriad Women’s Health
Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Inheritance: XL Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Ambry Genetics, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), G2P, Orphanet
progressive muscular dystrophy
Inheritance: XL Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: ClinGen
familial isolated dilated cardiomyopathy
Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
non-syndromic X-linked intellectual disability
Inheritance: XL Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
symptomatic form of muscular dystrophy of Duchenne and Becker in female carriers
Inheritance: XL Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet

DMD links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Pathogenic. The variant received 18 ACMG points.

PVS1

Loss of function variant, product undergoes nonsense mediated mRNA decay. LoF is a known mechanism of disease.

PM2

Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage;

PP5

Variant X-32468509-G-A is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chrX-32468509-G-A is described in ClinVar as Pathogenic. ClinVar VariationId is 94576.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
DMD	NM_004006.3 link	c.3151C>T	p.Arg1051*	stop_gained	Exon 23 of 79	ENST00000357033.9	NP_003997.2	P11532

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
DMD	ENST00000357033.9 link	c.3151C>T	p.Arg1051*	stop_gained	Exon 23 of 79	1	NM_004006.3	ENSP00000354923.3		A0A075B6G3

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

Cov.:

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.00000183

AC:

AN:

1091936

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.00

AC XY:

AN XY:

358520

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

26317

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

34745

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

19284

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

30014

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

53440

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

40248

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

4062

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.00000239

AC:

AN:

838000

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

45826

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.450

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

GnomAD4 genome

Cov.:

Alfa

AF:

0.00

Hom.:

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:10

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

not provided

Pathogenic:6

Nov 01, 2016

CeGaT Center for Human Genetics Tuebingen

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Feb 03, 2021

Revvity Omics, Revvity

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Sep 19, 2016

Eurofins Ntd Llc (ga)

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Sep 28, 2023

GeneDx

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Nonsense variant predicted to result in protein truncation or nonsense mediated decay in a gene for which loss of function is a known mechanism of disease; Not observed in large population cohorts (gnomAD); Based on the understanding of this genetic alteration, it may be amenable to nonsense read-through therapy that is currently available or in clinical trial; This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 26743743, 31443951, 11710958, 37724986, 29973226, 25525159, 21515508, 19959795, 18652600, 19409785, 30342905, 36790923, 32813700, 34539555) -

Apr 19, 2024

ARUP Laboratories, Molecular Genetics and Genomics, ARUP Laboratories

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

The DMD c.3151C>T; p.Arg1051Ter variant (rs398123929, ClinVar ID: 94576) is reported in the literature in multiple individuals affected with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (Almomani 2009, Bennett 2001, Takeshima 2010, Torella 2020). This variant is absent from the Genome Aggregation Database (v2.1.1), indicating it is not a common polymorphism. This variant induces an early termination codon and is predicted to result in a truncated protein or mRNA subject to nonsense-mediated decay. Based on available information, this variant is considered to be pathogenic. References: Almomani R et al. Rapid and cost effective detection of small mutations in the DMD gene by high resolution melting curve analysis. Neuromuscul Disord. 2009 Jun;19(6):383-90. PMID: 19409785. Bennett RR et al. Detection of mutations in the dystrophin gene via automated DHPLC screening and direct sequencing. BMC Genet. 2001;2:17. PMID: 11710958. Takeshima Y et al. Mutation spectrum of the dystrophin gene in 442 Duchenne/Becker muscular dystrophy cases from one Japanese referral center. J Hum Genet. 2010 Jun;55(6):379-88. PMID: 20485447. Torella A et al. The position of nonsense mutations can predict the phenotype severity: A survey on the DMD gene. PLoS One. 2020 Aug 19;15(8):e0237803. PMID: 32813700. -

Mar 12, 2020

Athena Diagnostics

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

The variant creates a premature nonsense codon, and is therefore predicted to result in the loss of a functional protein. Found in at least one patient with expected phenotype for this gene, and not found in general population data. -

Duchenne muscular dystrophy

Pathogenic:2

Jan 31, 2021

Kariminejad - Najmabadi Pathology & Genetics Center

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

PVS1,PM2,PP5 -

Dec 17, 2024

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This sequence change creates a premature translational stop signal (p.Arg1051*) in the DMD gene. It is expected to result in an absent or disrupted protein product. Loss-of-function variants in DMD are known to be pathogenic (PMID: 16770791, 25007885). This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This premature translational stop signal has been observed in individuals with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (PMID: 11710958, 18652600, 19409785, 21515508). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 94576). For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. -

Neuromuscular disease caused by qualitative or quantitative defects of dystrophin

Pathogenic:1

May 24, 2021

Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Variant summary: DMD c.3151C>T (p.Arg1051X) results in a premature termination codon, predicted to cause a truncation of the encoded protein or absence of the protein due to nonsense mediated decay, which are commonly known mechanisms for disease. Truncations downstream of this position have been classified as pathogenic by our laboratory. The variant was absent in 169867 control chromosomes (gnomAD). c.3151C>T has been reported in the literature in individuals affected with Dystrophinopathies (Bennett_2001, Almomani_2009, Torella_2009, Yamamoto_2018). These data indicate that the variant is likely to be associated with disease. To our knowledge, no experimental evidence demonstrating an impact on protein function has been reported. Six ClinVar submitters (evaluation after 2014) cite the variant as pathogenic. Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as pathogenic. -

Duchenne muscular dystrophy;C0917713:Becker muscular dystrophy;C3668940:Dilated cardiomyopathy 3B

Pathogenic:1

Oct 31, 2018

Fulgent Genetics, Fulgent Genetics

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

BayesDel_addAF

Pathogenic

0.55

BayesDel_noAF

Pathogenic

0.55

CADD

Pathogenic

(source)

DANN

Uncertain

1.0

FATHMM_MKL

Uncertain

0.94

PhyloP100

3.7

Vest4

0.95

GERP RS

2.3

Mutation Taster

=0/200

disease causing (ClinVar)

(source)

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

You must be logged in to view publications. This limit was set because tens of millions (!) of queries from AI bots are generated daily.

Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

Age Distribution

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over